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IT Extra 13 April 2020
IT Extra 13 April 2020
Industrial
Technology EXTRA!
FOR DESIGN ENGINEERS, MACHINE BUILDERS AND SYSTEMS INTEGRATORS
FASTENER IS
JUST THE TICKET
www.industrialtechnology.co.uk
CONTENTS...
Process control
4 PLCs bring tons of improvement at Crisp
Connectivity
8 Seamless connectivity from the workpiece to the cloud
Fasteners
12 Fastener is just the ticket for the Rocky Mountain way
Food and drink industry
14 How energy chains are being used in the bottling industry
Electric motors
16 Eliminate design compromise in industrial power tools
Technology www.industrialtechnology.co.uk
Tel: +44 (0)161 374 5615
Victoria House, 2 Mornington Road
Sale, Cheshire M33 2DA
Smart Rob
Sm
Sma Robo
botics
Simplify Complex
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x Technolog
e gies
Contact YASKA
YASKAAWA UK Ltd
20-1219-IT
salesuk@yaskawa.eu.com Tel:
Tel: +44 (0) 1295 272755
PROCESS CONTROL...
S
ince 1870, Crisp has been processing a
broad variety of barley, cereals and other
grains, supplying quality malts to leading
food and beverage producers all over the
world. Presently the company owns five production
sites across the UK and has additional malting
capacity in Germany and Poland.
To ensure optimal productivity and product
quality, the Norfolk based plant employs automatic
control systems that monitor all the processes
involved in the conversion of grain into malt. Malting David Spiers, Group Engineering Manager at Crisp
is a very delicate process, as the quality of the raw explained: “The existing PLCs were becoming
materials can vary and the grain kernels must be kept unreliable which left us exposed to the risk of long-
alive in order to germinate. This means that small lasting unplanned downtime events. For example if
improvements in process control can reap big rewards we had a power outage it would take the engineers 3-
in terms of quality. 4 hours to return the system to full operation, which
Keeping the malting process balanced requires a with our production process and fixed delivery
highly responsive control system and timely upgrades schedules to meet really wasn’t acceptable.”
to the plant are regarded as essential by the company. In addition, it was difficult for Crisp to find spare
Increasing the speed at which process anomalies are parts when necessary. This issue was becoming
detected and responded to has a significant impact on increasingly impactful as the PLC components were
the overall process. With batch sizes measured in reaching the end of their service life and needed to be
tons, this was the main reason why Crisp decided to replaced. Also, engineers at the malting production
replace six legacy GEM80 PLCs with new high- site struggled to interrogate the old control system in
performance Mitsubishi Electric Q Series systems. order to troubleshoot, repair or modify the existing
Change your
bearing now
T
he 4th Industrial Revolution is redefining
manufacturing business models, value
chains and even the classic automation
control pyramid. One area that is
developing rapidly and offering users improved
automation efficiency, is connectivity – networking
and communication within a system.
The Industry 4.0 roadmap defines standards to
make it far easier to connect networked, flexible
production, creating modular structures and
hierarchies by utilising intelligent products with
embedded smart functions. As a result, the classic
machine architecture with its central control system is
increasingly moving towards more versatile,
distributed automation subsystems. These are
decentralised and closely communicating with each
other. This approach brings greater flexibility in
production processes enabling more variation in
machine architecture concepts, ideal to meet the Servo drives with controller CMMT-AS and
increased requirements of global production. motor EMMT-AS integrated directly in
The increasingly networked components require a Ethernet-based control solutions
high level of compatibility and integration across all
system participants. Unobstructed data exchange Connectivity explained
facilitates smoother processes, but it depends on all Essentially, connectivity is the ability to connect and
components being aligned to the application, whilst at link up individual participants i.e. eliminating the
the same time perfectly matching one another. interfaces between devices. Connectivity describes
Effective networking and communications between the ability of the component or a subsystem to be
components and the production systems ultimately integrated within peer, or higher-level architecture
depends on their connectivity. structures, as well as their optimal coordination
within the system. Simply translated to industrial whereby individual products and automation
applications, this means individual components work components are assigned to individual levels
together better. (actuator, field and control).
For seamless connectivity, the mechanical, On every level, the machine builder must consider
electrical and the intelligent interfaces all need to be the multiple interfaces. For example, the design of the
considered, across all components. Connectivity in mechanical system for the automation of motion must
automation technology must be carefully considered match the configuration of the servo drive system.
from the workpiece to the cloud. This in turn needs to be integrated optimally into the
The objective of seamless connectivity is to make control environment. Software tools for design,
the interfaces as simple and easy to handle as configuration and commissioning play a key role here.
possible, so that using the devices is more reliable No single communication standard can be applied
and faster. Design and commissioning becomes easier across all levels. In most cases stand-alone solutions
and faster allowing machine builders and end users to handle subtasks, but these do not always allow a
concentrate more effectively on their tasks. seamless approach. This causes many challenges for
The automation control hierarchy typically used in integrators: for example, where linear mechanical
machines and production systems is based on the systems and servo drive technology need to be
classic automation pyramid (shown opposite) combined quickly and easily from different
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FASTENERS...
T
he Canadian Rockies are recognised what has since become: one of the country’s greatest
worldwide as one of the greatest of natural and most popular attractions for both domestic and
spectacles and many will claim that the best overseas visitors alike.
way to see the stunning scenery at its finest Operating over four routes across the Canadian
is from a carriage on the Rocky Mountaineer. Rockies and with each train capable of carrying up to
Owned and operated by Canada’s Armstrong 900 passengers at a time, the Rocky Mountaineer
Group, the Rocky Mountaineer is a purpose-built offers customers a high level of luxury. For the train
tourist train that was designed from the outset to be operators, as with airlines, safety and serviceability
mass transit and military seating applications. Many
of the western world’s special-purpose and military
vehicles have seating systems designed by Probatec,
which is also a market leader in table design and
production for such applications, too.
Focusing on the needs described by the train
operators, Probatec investigated a variety of options
and then turned to Bollhoff’s well-proven SNAP-LOC
fastener as its preferred (and, in this case, only)
method of attaching the seat bases to subframes in all
of the carriages of the Rocky Mountaineer.
rank highest on a list of design priorities that will
ultimately lead to a popular and profitable business. Ball and receptor socket
So, when the carriage design teams set to work on This fastener, already used extensively in a wide
the Rocky Mountaineer, they needed to consider variety of applications (including wing mirror mounts
seating systems that were of the highest quality, but on some models of BMW motorcycles and tail light
which also allowed for worn or damaged seats to be cluster mounts on top-of-the-range motorhomes from
replaced quickly, quietly and cleanly, either Burstner), is based on Bollhoff’s ball and receptor
’underway’ while the train was en-route or on socket design. SNAP-LOC® offers significant strength,
turnarounds between journeys. The manufacturers is light, clean and, when installed, is completely
were also keen that replacement parts, such as seat invisible to users. Yet, when required, a seat base can
bases, could be fitted without the need for either be changed by just about any staff member in
special tools or specialist knowledge. seconds, with a secure and guaranteed perfect fit
every time. A damaged unit is simply pulled off and
Wear, tear and breakage the replacement base positioned accordingly, before
With so many passengers expected, planning in being ‘clicked’ into place. An added advantage is that
advance for the necessary rectification caused by SNAP-LOC® also acts as an isolator between the
inevitable wear, tear and breakage was essential. At carriage chassis and the seat base, thus further
the same time, the operators also identified the need reducing any vibration that may be experienced by
for the Rocky Mountaineer to take with it a separate passengers.
carriage containing all the spares likely to be called for Commenting on this latest success for SNAP-LOC,
in the field. Canada is a vast expanse and, should Bollhoff UK Industry Manager Clive Brown observes:
urgent repairs be required, the only way to guarantee “This is just one of many important applications for
access to either a workshop or spare parts is to take SNAP-LOC that have emerged in the transportation
everything with them on the train in their own market recently. As users demand lighter, quieter
carriage. vehicles of all sorts, they are also keen to source
Mindful of a growing list of specifications and simple, durable fasteners that anyone can use in the
requirements for seating, the Rocky Mountaineer field without specialist knowledge, because it is
team engaged with a company called Probatec, based another way of reducing the overall cost to the
in Germany, which has specialist skills and a long customer over a lifetime of use.”
track record of innovation in the field of automotive, www.bollhoff.com
A
lthough high-performance plastics used
to be overlooked as suitable materials for
machine components, they are now a
standard feature in food processing
equipment. But their potential has by no means
been exhausted. Igus supplies energy chains based
on hygienic design guidelines and wear resistant
plain bearing components for a wide range of
solutions.
The open design of the TH3 plastic energy chain drinks industry, is FDA/EU-compliant and is highly
makes it very easy to clean, while rounded corners resistant to aggressive cleaning agents and chemicals.
and simple, threadless connections prevent dead As well as energy chains, Igus offers the blue
spaces where debris and germs can build-up. In bearing materials iglidur A160 and iglidur A181,
additional, the structure of the e-chain avoids which comply with EU regulation 10/2011 and FDA
surfaces rubbing against each other; this prevents requirements. iglidur A160 is resistant to chemicals,
abrasion and material shedding. The blue material, making it impervious to aggressive cleaning agents.
which is typical of plastic elements in the food and iglidur A181 on stainless-steel shafts, on the other
S
o often in product design there are
conflicting operational requirements. The
industrial power tool is a typical example,
with an operating profile that is quite
different from other motor-driven applications.
Whether the specific tool is fastening, gripping or
cutting, there is a specific motion profile that is split
into two phases.
First there is the speed phase, where there is little
resistance – perhaps as bolts thread in or as the jaws
of a cutting or gripping tool approach the workpiece.
During this phase, a motor that operates at a faster
free-run speed reduces cycle time and boosts
productivity.
Then there is the torque phase, as the tool
performs the more forceful work of tightening, cutting
or gripping and the need for torque becomes
paramount. A motor that delivers high peak torque
can perform a wider range of tough jobs without
excessive heating.
Demanding application
These alternating speed and torque cycles must be
constantly repeated in demanding industrial
applications. The different speed, torque and duration
characteristics complicate the motor selection
Linear Motion
Slides
- No cutting charge
- Fast Service
- Standard, Aluminium
& Miniature types
Linear Bearings,
Housings & Shafts
- Large range
- Variety of sizes
- Stainless steel
options
www.euro-bearings.com/linear
process, calling for a design that minimises losses to copper winding, can be easily modified: by changing
achieve the best solution possible. This is even more both the wire diameter and the number of turns, the
critical for battery operated tools, where only limited torque constant (Kt) and resistance (R) can be fine-
power is available yet where the design engineer tuned.
wants to be able to achieve the maximum number of In the speed phase of the industrial power tool’s
operations from a single charge. operation profile, the motor needs to run fast with
little resistance. Here, a lower Kt value gives
Conflicting requirements increased speed. During the torque phase, however,
Given these conflicting requirements, it might seem the motor is expected to deliver peak torque at low
that there is no ideal solution. The electrical speeds. A higher Kt value gives a higher output torque
performance of a motor is defined by the magnetic at a given current. Here we have conflict.
circuit, so every option requires a compromise. The We might think to select a low Kt value to increase
first component within the circuit, the magnet, has a speed, and compensate the low Kt with more current
fixed value. However, the second component, the to reach higher output torque. However, a higher
current would increase the copper losses, generating
Typical working cycles for industrial power tools repeated heat and thus limiting the maximum torque available.
continually Excess heat impacts on the comfort of the user, while
the increased current impacts on battery life.
There are also iron losses to consider, which are
related to speed. Eddy current losses increase with
the square of speed, heating up the motors simply
when rotating – even in a no-load condition.
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TEL: + 44 (0)1727 85 93 73 EMAIL: sales@sensorsuk.com