Circs Lógs (Eng)

Ph.D.
Marving Omar Aguilar Justo

Engineering School - Mechatronics Engineering
Combinational Logic
Logic Circuits
Notes extracted from the book: “Sistemas Digitales: Principios y Aplicaciones”,

Ronald D. Tocci, Ed. Pearson Prentice Hall, 10ª Ed., 2007.
February – June 2020

➢ Decoders
➢ Encoders
➢ Multiplexers
➢ Demultiplexers
Combinational Logic
Logic Circuits
Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Decoders
Combinational Logic
Logic Circuits

Definition
A decoder is called a logic circuit that accepts a set of inputs that

represent binary numbers and that only activates the output
corresponding to such input datum.
inputs
Decoder outputs
Only one output

input is at HIGH for
codes
each input code

3 to 8 Lines Decoder

3 to 8 Lines Decoder

74ALS138 Decoder

74ALS138 Decoder
Output
Reply to the input code A2 A1 A0
Disable – All at HIGH
1 of 8 Decoder

Example 2.18
74ALS138 Decoder
Indicate the status of

the output when the
input states are:
E1E2E3 = 110
A2A1A0 = 110

Example 2.18
74ALS138 Decoder
Outputs

Disable – All at HIGH Indicate the status of
Disable – All at HIGH the output when the
Disable – All at HIGH input states are:
E1E2E3 = 110
A2A1A0 = 110
O7O6O5O4O3O2O1O0 =
1 to 8 Decoder
11111111

Example 2.19
74ALS138 Decoder
Indicate the status of

the output when the
input states are:
E1E2E3 = 001
A2A1A0 = 011

Example 2.19
74ALS138 Decoder
Outputs

Disable – All at HIGH Indicate the status of
Disable – All at HIGH the output when the
Disable – All at HIGH input states are:
E1E2E3 = 001
A2A1A0 = 011
O7O6O5O4O3O2O1O0 =
1 to 8 Decoder
11110111

Example 2.20
74ALS138 Decoder
Indicate the status of the output when the input states are:
A4A3A2A1A0 = 01101
Example 2.20
74ALS138 Decoder
11111111 11111011 11111111 11111111

A4A3A2A1A0 = 01101 011012 = 1310 activating O13
Example 2.21
74ALS138 Decoder
A4A3A2A1A0 = 10001
Example 2.21
74ALS138 Decoder
11111111 11111111 10111111 11111111

A4A3A2A1A0 = 10001 100012 = 1710 activating O17
Decoder / 7 Segment BCD Driver
The term Controller in Decoder / Driver is added

because the outputs can operate with higher current
and voltage limits than those of a normal TTL output.
The outputs of the 7445 can drain up to 80 mA in the

LOW state, and can rise to 30 V in the HIGH state. This
makes them suitable for handling loads directly, such
as LEDs or indicator lamps, relays or DC motors.

Anode
Common anode
connections
Cathode
Decoder / 7
Segment
BCD BCD Driver
input
Inputs to
erase
LEDs
test input To limit the
current


Example 2.22
Anode
Common anode
Cathode connections
Decoder / 7
Segment
BCD BCD Driver
input
Inputs to
erase
LEDs
test input 7446 or 7447 To limit the
current
Each of the LEDs on the ordinary 7 segment LED display

operates at 10 mA and 2.7 V. What should be the value of the
resistors when Vcc = 5 V?

Example 2.22
Anode
Common anode
Cathode connections
Decoder / 7 Solution:
Segment
BCD BCD Driver
R = VR/I
input R = (5 V − 2.7 V) / (0.01 A)
R = (2.3 V ) / (0.01 A)
Inputs to R = 230   220 
erase
LEDs
test input 7446 or 7447 To limit the
current
Each of the LEDs on the ordinary 7 segment LED display

operates at 10 mA and 2.7 V. What should be the value of the
resistors when Vcc = 5 V?

Decoder / 7 Segment BCD Driver with LCD
Incidental
light
Backplane
40 Hz Signal Segment
Control Segment
Backplane
LOW Off
HIGH On

Decoder / 7 Segment BCD Driver with LCD
All the 74HC86 ICs
Decoder / 7
Segment
BCD Driver
Backplane

Encoders
Combinational Logic
Logic Circuits

Encoders
Encoders
M inputs N bits output

There is only one at code
HIGH at any given
time

Octal to Binary Encoder
Inputs Outputs

8
Intputs
*Only one
input LOW
at a time

Example 2.23
Determine the output of the encoder

when the input is:
A7’A6’A5’A4’A3’A2’A1’A0’=
11101111
8
Intputs
*Only one
input LOW
at a time

Example 2.23

when the input is:
A7’A6’A5’A4’A3’A2’A1’A0’=
11101111
Solution:
O2O1O0 = 1002
8
Intputs
*Only one
input LOW
at a time

Example 2.24

when the intput is:
A7’A6’A5’A4’A3’A2’A1’A0’=
11010111
8
Intputs
*Only one
input LOW
at a time

Example 2.24

when the intput is:
A7’A6’A5’A4’A3’A2’A1’A0’=
11010111
Solution:
¿¿ O2O1O0 = 1112 = 710 ??
8
Intputs
¿Why?
*Only one
input LOW
at a time

Example 2.25
Octal to Binary Encoder with Priority

when the input is:
A7’A6’A5’A4’A3’A2’A1’A0’=
11010111
74148
Codificador Octal a
Octal to Binary
Binario
Encodercon Prioridad
with Priority
8
Intputs

Example 2.25
Octal to Binary Encoder with Priority

when the input is:
A7’A6’A5’A4’A3’A2’A1’A0’=
11010111
74148 Solution:
O2O1O0 = 1012
Codificador Octal a
Octal to Binary
Binario
Encodercon Prioridad
with Priority
8
Intputs

Decimal to BCD Encoder with Priority
IC 74147
X = either 0 or 1
Inverted BCD

IC 74147
74147
Decimal to
BCD
Encoder with
Priority
Nine Inverted
inputs BCD

Example 2.26
IC 74147
when the input is:
A9’A8’A7’A6’A5’A4’A3’A2’A1’=
110101010
74147
Decimal to
BCD
Encoder with
Priority
Nine Inverted
inputs BCD

Example 2.26
IC 74147
when the input is:
A9’A8’A7’A6’A5’A4’A3’A2’A1’=
110101010
74147
Decimal to
BCD Solution:
Encoder with O3’O2’O1’O0’ = 1000
Priority
It is 0111BCD = 710
Nine Inverted
inputs BCD

Example 2.27
IC 74147
when the input is:
A9’A8’A7’A6’A5’A4’A3’A2’A1’=
111011011
74147
Decimal to
BCD
Encoder with
Priority
Nine Inverted
inputs BCD

Example 2.27
IC 74147
when the input is:
A9’A8’A7’A6’A5’A4’A3’A2’A1’=
111011011
74147
Decimal to
BCD Solution:
Encoder with O3’O2’O1’O0’ = 1001
Priority
Nine Inverted
inputs BCD

Example 2.28
IC 74147
Determine what input the encoder must
have so that the inverted BCD output is
the number 310
74147
Decimal to Solution:
BCD
Encoder with
Priority
Nine Inverted
inputs BCD

Example 2.28
IC 74147
Determine what input the encoder must
have so that the inverted BCD output is
the number 310
74147
Decimal to Solution:
BCD The 310 is the 1100BCD_inv
Encoder with So
Priority A9’A8’A7’A6’A5’A4’A3’A2’A1’=
111111000 or
111111001 or
111111010 or
111111011, that is
1111110XX
Nine Inverted
inputs BCD

Decimal to BCD Switch Encoder with Priority
Resistance to VCC for each

encoder input
The 10 switches could be

those of a keyboard in a
calculator that represent
the digits from 0 to 9.
74LS147
Decimal
to BCD
Switch Normal
Encoder BCD
with
Priority

Multiplexers
Combinational Logic
Logic Circuits

Definition
It is called digital multiplexer, or data selector, to the logic circuit

that accepts several digital inputs and selects one of them at a
given time to pass it to the output.
Output
Z
The SELECTION code

DATA determines which input is
inputs transmitted to the output Z.
SELECTION
inputs

2-Input Multiplexer
DATA
inputs
Output
SELECTION input

4-Input Multiplexer
Output

4-Input Multiplexer
Tri-state
buffers
Output
Decoder

74ALS151 8-Input Multiplexer
Inputs Outputs

74ALS151 8-Input Multiplexer
8-Input Multiplexer
Inputs Outputs

Example 2.29
8-Input Multiplexer
Data What function does the

inputs
circuit perform?
Data
inputs

Example 2.29
8-Input Multiplexer
Data What function does the

inputs
circuit perform?
Solution:
With S3=1 the lower MUX
is selected, and the output
X depends on the data
inputs of the lower MUX.
With S3=0 the upper MUX
is selected, and the X
Data
inputs
output depends on the
data inputs of the upper
MUX.

Quadruple 2-Input Multiplexer

Quadruple 2-Input Multiplexer

Example 2.30
8-Input Multiplexer
Storage
register
What function does the
circuit perform?
Important Note: Firstly,

analyze the function of the
new devices (the register
and the counter)
Clock
Ascending Counter

Example 2.30
8-Input Multiplexer
Storage
register
circuit perform?
Solution:
It performs a parallel to
serial data transfer
conversion.
Clock
Ascending Counter

Demultiplexers
Combinational Logic
Logic Circuits

Definition
It is called digital demultiplexer, or data distributor, to the logic

circuit that receives a single input and distributes it through
several outputs.
DATA The DATA input is transmitted to

input only one of the outputs, as
determined by the selection
input code.

1 to 8 Lines Demultiplexer
SELECTION OUTPUTS
code
DATA input
1 to 8 Lines Demultiplexer
DATA input
Logic “1”
Waveforms for
SELECTION OUTPUTS
code
Selection
code Decoder

Example 2.31
1 to 8 Line Demultiplexer

circuit perform? From the
doors 1-5
Door 0
Monitoring panel
Door 6 Door 7
CLOCK

Example 2.31
1 to 8 Line Demultiplexer

circuit perform? From the
doors 1-5
Solution:
It is an 8-door security
monitoring system. The
LEDs are indicators of
Door 0
which of the doors are
open.
Monitoring panel
Door 6 Door 7
CLOCK

➢ Decoders
➢ Encoders
➢ Multiplexers
➢ Demultiplexers
Combinational Logic
Logic Circuits

Ph.D. Marving Omar Aguilar Justo
Engineering School - Mechatronics Engineering
Combinational Logic
Logic Circuits
Notes extracted from the book: “Sistemas Digitales: Principios y Aplicaciones”,

Ronald D. Tocci, Ed. Pearson Prentice Hall, 10ª Ed., 2007.
February – June 2020

Circs Lógs (Eng)

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Ph.D.

Marving Omar Aguilar Justo

Notes extracted from the book: “Sistemas Digitales: Principios y Aplicaciones”,

February – June 2020

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

A decoder is called a logic circuit that accepts a set of inputs that

Only one output

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Indicate the status of

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Reply to the input code A2 A1 A0

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Indicate the status of

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Reply to the input code A2 A1 A0

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

11111111 11111011 11111111 11111111

11111111 11111111 10111111 11111111

The term Controller in Decoder / Driver is added

The outputs of the 7445 can drain up to 80 mA in the

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Each of the LEDs on the ordinary 7 segment LED display

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Each of the LEDs on the ordinary 7 segment LED display

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

All the 74HC86 ICs

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

M inputs N bits output

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Determine the output of the encoder

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Determine the output of the encoder

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Determine the output of the encoder

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Determine the output of the encoder

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Determine the output of the encoder

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Determine the output of the encoder

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Decimal to BCD Encoder with Priority

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Decimal to BCD Encoder with Priority

Ph.D. Marving O. Aguilar J.

Resistance to VCC for each