Modbus

MODBUS is a serial communication protocol which was used for its deployment in Programmable
Logic Circuits (PLC). It uses a RS485 as its physical layer. Apart from this, the main reason for its
popularity is, it has very few other restrictions on the size on the format of data to be transmitted.

Inter-Device Communication using MODBUS

Object Types
Following is the list of object types provided by the MODBUS slave to the Master Device.

Communication between Devices using MODBUS

1) Each Data Transmitting Device on the MODBUS is given a unique address.

2) MODBUS Protocol Versions provide RS-485 Single Cable-Multi Drop Functionality

wherein only the Master Device can initiate the command and the slaves can respond to it.
Some versions of this type are:
a) MODBUS RTU
b) MODBUS ASCII
c) MODBUS TCP

3) Protocol versions with different implementation methods:

a) GPRS
b) SMS
c) Mesh Networking
d) ISM Band
Functionalities
1) Making changes to the values in one of its registers; Coil and Holding Registers
2) Read the data from Coil and Discrete ports.
3) Getting back value(s) contained in the Registers.

MQ Telemetry Transport (MQTT)

It is a light-weight protocol which uses Publish-Subscribe Network that enables us to transport
messages between devices . It becomes extremely useful for connections in remote locations where
network bandwidth is limited. Some of the most popular applications of MQTT are Facebook
Messenger and Youtube.

MQTT Schematic

Entities of MQTT:
a) Publisher
b) Broker
c) Subscriber
Advantages of MQTT
a) Scalability from one to thousands of devices.
b) Broker component helps us eliminate unsafe clients.
c) Less network strain without vulnerability.
d) Handling connection states including security credentials and certificates