Business ethics Harsh

Assignment 30817210007

Ecosophy – Ecosophy originated with the Norwegian philosopher

Arne Naess. Naess described a structured form of inquiry he
called ecophilosophy, which examines nature and our relationship to
it. He defined it as a discipline, like philosophy itself, which is based
on analytical thinking, reasoned argument, and carefully examined
assumptions. Naess distinguished ecosophy from ecophilosophy; it is
not a discipline in the same sense but what he called a "personal
philosophy," which guides our conduct toward the environment. He
defined ecosophy as a set of beliefs about nature and other people
which varies from one individual to another. Everyone, in other
words, has their own ecosophy, and though our personal philosophies
may share important elements, they are based on norms and
assumptions that are particular to each of us.

Naess proposed his own ecophilosophy as a model for individual

ecosophies, emphasizing the intrinsic value of nature and the
importance of cultural and natural diversity. Other discussions of
ecosophy concentrate on similar issues. Many environmental
philosophers argue that all life has a value that is independent of
human perspectives and human uses, and that it is not to be tampered
with except for the sake of survival. Human population
growth threatens the integrity of other life systems; they argue that
our numbers must be reduced substantially and that radical changes in
human values and activities are required to integrate humans more
harmoniously into the total system.
Concept of global warming - In 1824 French mathematician Jean
Baptiste Joseph Fourier discovered that the Earth's temperature was
slowly increasing. Fourier argued that the earth's atmosphere traps
solar radiation and reflects it back toward the earth.

In the late 19th century Fourier's theory was labeled the “greenhouse
effect" when Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius coined the term to
explain how CO2 traps heat in the Earth's atmosphere. He was the
first one to come with a hypothesis that carbondioxide and water
vapour absorbed sun’s heat and maintained earth’s average surface
temperature at 15 degree celcius. Till the second half of the 20th
century scientists didn’t take this theory seriously.

However, in the 1950s, amateur scientist G.S. Callendar warned that

the greenhouse effect was true and dramatically impacting the
atmosphere of the Earth. Callendar's claims were termed the
"Callendar effect," and led to increased research on global warming.
Within two decades scientist developed many models to measure how
climate was behaving and how various gases were impacting it. Also
they tried to figure out how much of it was manmade.

While the research was on scientific community was divided over

their own finding. Some were of the opinion that the globe was
cooling while the others argued that the CO2 and other greenhouse
gases were on the rise and so eventually it would lead to an increase
in the temperature worldwide.

Finally in the 1980's the global annual mean temperature curve started
to rise. By late 1980's the rising trend was so steep that the global
warming theory gained currency among the educated elite of the
world. Scientist Stephen Schneider had first predicted global warming
in 1976.

According to International Protocol on Climate Change (IPCC),

United Nation’s body that looks into climate related issues, global
surface temperature increased 0.74 ± 0.18 °C (1.33 ± 0.32 °F)
between the start and the end of the 20th century. The IPCC’s latest
findings suggest that most of the observed temperature increase since
the middle of the 20th century was caused by increasing
concentrations of greenhouse resulting from human activity such as
fossil fuel (Coal and petroleum) burning and cutting down of forests.

Using climate models’ projections in the latest IPCC report it looks

that the global surface temperature will probably rise a further 1.1 to
6.4 °C (2.0 to 11.5 °F) during the twenty-first century. The
uncertainty in this estimate arises from the use of models with
differing sensitivity to greenhouse gas concentrations and the use of
differing estimates of future greenhouse gas emissions.

Environmental ethics - Environmental ethics is a branch of ethics

that studies the relation of human beings and the environment and
how ethics play a role in this. Environmental ethics believe that
humans are a part of society as well as other living creatures, which
includes plants and animals. These items are a very important part of
the world and are considered to be a functional part of human life.
Thus, it is essential that every human being respect and honour this
and use morals and ethics when dealing with these creatures.
1. We must maintain a harmonious relation with other species.
2. We should have profound respect for nature.
3. Indigenous environmental knowledge should be respected.
4. We should recognize our moral duty to protect the welfare not only
human beings, but also of other non- human parts of this system.
5.  We should adopt voluntary measures to conserve the resources
6. Proper utilisation of resources i.e. the people should maintain
Ecological balance.
7. we are to preserve enough scarce resources, so that future
generation can maintain their quality of life at a satisfactory level.

Media ethics - Media ethics is the best division of applied

ethics dealing with the specific ethical principles and standards
of media, including broadcast media, film, theatre, the arts, print
media and the internet. The field covers many varied and highly
controversial topics, ranging from war journalism to Benetton ad
campaigns.
Media ethics invoromoting and defending values such as a universal
respect for life and the rule of law and legality. Media Ethics defines
and deals with ethical questions about how media should use texts and
pictures provided by the citizens.
Literature regarding the ways in which specifically the Internet
impacts media ethics in journalism online is scarce, thereby
complicating the idea for a universal code of media ethics.
Ethics of reality TV - Reality television is an ever popular genre
viewed by millions of people all around the world. It is a form of
entertainment that no other television genres could outshine.
However, the question has now arisen as to whether the ethics of
reality television shows are indeed questionable by the society.
Based on the evidence, it is clear that the ethics of reality television
are most certainly
Doubtful when they defeat their purpose of portraying the realities of
life to the nation.
 Reality television connects people to the real world. Shows like
Survivor, Amazing Race and The Bachelor have captivated audiences
all around the world with its drama and raw emotions of ordinary
people and not of paid actors. Adults, teens and even children as
young as five years old are glued to their television as soon as these
reality shows air. Reality shows, just like any other television
programs has its ethics that needs to be responsibly preserved and
honoured.