Binomial expansion 11

1. [7 marks]

Consider the expansion of  where  ,  . Given that the coefficient of the term

containing is greater than 200 000, find the smallest possible value of .

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Markscheme

valid approach for expansion (must have correct substitution for parameters, but accept an incorrect
value for )    (M1)

eg    , 

attempt to identify correct term      (M1)

eg   ,  ,  , 

correct expression     (A1)

eg   , 

EITHER (solving inequality)

attempt to set up inequality in terms of (accept equation)      M1

eg    , 

correct working for binomial coefficient (may be seen in equation)      (A1)

eg    , 

  (accept  or  )      A1

        A1 N2

Note: If no working shown, award N1 for .

OR (using table)

valid approach    (M1)

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 eg    , one correct coefficient of  for a value of

correct crossover values for  and        A1A1

eg   172243 , 232528

        A1 N2

[7 marks]

2. [7 marks]

In the expansion of the following expression, find the exact value of the constant term.

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 Markscheme

valid approach for expanding binomial (must have correct substitution for parameters, but accept “ ”
or an incorrect value for )   (M1)

eg    , 

recognizing need to find the term containing  in the expansion of     (M1)

correct equation       (A1)

eg    ,   ,  

identifying the correct term (seen anywhere)       A1

eg    = 4 ,   = 11 ,   =4

correct working      (A1)(A1)

eg    ,  

Note: Award A1 for each factor.

    A1 N2

[7 marks]

3. [7 marks]

Consider the expansion of  ,  . The coefficient of the term in   is five times the

coefficient of the term in  . Find  .

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 Markscheme

valid approach for expanding binomial      (M1)

eg    ,   

valid attempt to find  for  or       (M1)

eg    ,    ,

correct equation for finding one value of       (A1)

eg   48 − 2 = 40,   48 − 2 = 38,   24 + 2 = 40,   2 + 24 = 38

correct values for (seen anywhere)      (A1)(A1)

eg      = 4,   = 5  OR   = 7,   = 8

correct equation to solve for       A1

eg      ,    ,   990  = 3960

= 4       A1 N2

[7 marks]

4. [6 marks]

Consider the expansion of  , where k > 0 . The coefficient of the term in x3 is equal to the

coefficient of the term in  x5. Find k.

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 Markscheme

valid approach to find one of the required terms (must have correct substitution for parameters but
accept “r” or an incorrect value for r)       (M1)

eg    …, Pascal’s

triangle to 9th row

Note: Award M0 if there is clear evidence of adding instead of multiplying.

identifying correct terms (must be clearly indicated if only seen in expansion)      (A1)(A1)

eg  for x3 term: r = 3, r = 6, 7th term, 

for x5 term: r = 2, r = 7, 8th term, 

correct equation (may include powers of x)       A1

eg  

valid attempt to solve their equation in terms of k only      (M1)

eg  sketch, 

0.857142

(exact), 0.857     A1N4

[6 marks]

5. [6 marks]

In the expansion of , the coefficient of the term in is 11880. Find the value of .

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Markscheme

valid approach for expansion (must have correct substitution for parameters, but accept an incorrect
value for )     (M1)

eg

recognizing need to find term in in binomial expansion     (A1)

eg

correct term or coefficient in binomial expansion (may be seen in equation)     (A1)

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 eg

setting up equation in with their coefficient/term (do not accept other powers of )     (M1)

eg

correct equation     (A1)

eg

    A1     N3

[6 marks]

6. [7 marks]

Let . Find the term in in the expansion of the derivative, .

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Markscheme

METHOD 1 

derivative of     A2

recognizing need to find term in (seen anywhere)     R1

eg

valid approach to find the terms in     (M1)

eg , Pascal’s triangle to 6th row

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 identifying correct term (may be indicated in expansion)     (A1)

eg

correct working (may be seen in expansion)     (A1)

eg

    A1     N3

METHOD 2

recognition of need to find in (seen anywhere) R1 

valid approach to find the terms in     (M1)

eg , Pascal’s triangle to 7th row

identifying correct term (may be indicated in expansion)     (A1)

eg 6th term,

correct working (may be seen in expansion)     (A1)

eg

correct term     (A1)

differentiating their term in     (M1)

eg

    A1     N3

[7 marks]

7a. [2 marks]

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 The values in the fourth row of Pascal’s triangle are shown in the following table.

Write down the values in the fifth row of Pascal’s triangle.

Markscheme

1, 5, 10, 10, 5, 1     A2     N2

[2 marks]

7b. [5 marks]

Hence or otherwise, find the term in in the expansion of .

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Markscheme

evidence of binomial expansion with binomial coefficient     (M1)

eg , selecting correct term, 

correct substitution into correct term     (A1)(A1)(A1)

eg

Note: Award A1 for each factor.

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     A1     N2

Notes: Do not award any marks if there is clear evidence of adding instead of multiplying.

Do not award final A1 for a final answer of 720, even if  is seen previously.

[5 marks]

8a. [4 marks]

Find the term in  in the expansion of .

Markscheme

valid approach to find the required term     (M1)

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 eg , Pascal’s triangle to the 9th row

identifying correct term (may be indicated in expansion)     (A1)

eg 4th term, 

correct calculation (may be seen in expansion)     (A1)

eg   

672    A1     N3

[4 marks]

8b. [2 marks]

Hence, find the term in  in the expansion of .

Markscheme

valid approach     (M1)

eg recognizing is found when multiplying 

     A1     N2

[2 marks]

9a. [1 mark]

Consider the expansion of .

Write down the number of terms of this expansion.

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 Markscheme

11 terms     A1     N1

[1 mark]

9b. [5 marks]

Find the coefficient of .

Markscheme

valid approach     (M1)

eg

Pascal’s triangle to  row

valid attempt to find value of which gives term in      (M1)

eg

identifying required term (may be indicated in expansion)     (A1)

eg
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 correct working (may be seen in expansion)     (A1)

eg

3360     A1     N3

[5 marks]

10. [7 marks]

In the expansion of , the coefficient of the term in is , where . Find .

Markscheme

Note:     Accept sloppy notation (such as missing brackets, or binomial coefficient which includes ).

evidence of valid binomial expansion with binomial coefficients     (M1)

eg

attempt to identify correct term     (M1)

eg

setting correct coefficient or term equal to (may be seen later)     A1

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 eg

correct working for binomial coefficient (using formula)     (A1)

eg

EITHER

evidence of correct working (with linear equation in )     (A1)

eg

correct simplification     (A1)

eg

    A1     N2

OR

evidence of correct working (with quadratic equation in )     (A1)

eg

evidence of solving     (A1)

eg

    A1     N2

Note:     Award A0 for additional answers.

[7 marks]

11a. [1 mark]

Consider the expansion of .

Write down the number of terms in this expansion.

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 Markscheme

9 terms     A1     N1

[1 mark]

11b. [4 marks]

Find the term in .

Markscheme

valid approach to find the required term     (M1)

eg , Pascal’s triangle to row

identifying correct term (may be indicated in expansion)     (A1)

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 eg

correct working (may be seen in expansion)     (A1)

eg

(accept )     A1     N3

[4 marks]

Notes:     Do not award any marks if there is clear evidence of adding instead of multiplying.

Do not award final A1 for a final answer of , even if is seen previously.

If no working shown award N2 for .

12. [5 marks]

The third term in the expansion of is . Find the possible values of .

Markscheme

valid approach to find the required term     (M1)

eg , Pascal’s triangle to row,

identifying correct term (may be indicated in expansion)     (A1)

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 eg

setting up equation in with their coefficient/term     (M1)

eg

    A1A1     N3

[5 marks]

13. [6 marks]

Consider the expansion of . The constant term is . Find the possible values of .

Markscheme

valid approach to find the required term     (M1)

eg , Pascal’s triangle to required

value

identifying constant term (may be indicated in expansion)     (A1)

eg

correct calculation (may be seen in expansion)     (A1)

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 eg

setting up equation with their constant term equal to      M1

eg

    A1A1     N3

[6 marks]

14a. [1 mark]

Consider the expansion of .

Write down the number of terms in this expansion.

Markscheme

11 terms     A1     N1

[1 mark]

14b. [4 marks]

Find the term containing .

Markscheme

evidence of binomial expansion     (M1)

eg      , attempt to expand

evidence of choosing correct term     (A1)

eg      ,  ,

correct working     (A1)

eg        ,  ,

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     A1     N3

[4 marks]

15. [7 marks]

Consider the expansion of . The constant term is .

Find .

Markscheme

valid approach     (M1)

eg     ,

, Pascal’s triangle to line

attempt to find value of r which gives term in      (M1)

eg     exponent in binomial must give

correct working     (A1)

eg    

evidence of correct term     (A1)

eg    

equating their term and 16128 to solve for     M1

eg    

    A1A1     N2

Note: If no working shown, award N0 for .

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Total [7 marks]

16a. [3 marks]

In the expansion of , the term in can be expressed as .

Write down the value of , of and of .

Markscheme

, ,    (accept )     A1A1A1     N3

[3 marks]

16b. [2 marks]

Find the coefficient of the term in .

Markscheme

correct working     (A1)

eg   , , , ,

coefficient of term in is      A1     N2

Note: Do not award the final A1 for an answer that contains .

[2 marks]

Total [5 marks]

17. [7 marks]

The constant term in the expansion of  , where is . Find .

Markscheme

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 evidence of binomial expansion     (M1)

eg selecting correct term,

evidence of identifying constant term in expansion for power     (A1)

eg    , 4th term

evidence of correct term (may be seen in equation)     A2

eg   ,

attempt to set up their equation     (M1)

eg   ,

correct equation in one variable      (A1)

eg   ,

     A1     N4

[7 marks]

18. [7 marks]

The third term in the expansion of  is  . Find the possible values of p .

Markscheme

attempt to expand binomial     (M1)

e.g. ,

one correct calculation for term in  in the expansion for power 6     (A1)

e.g. 15 ,

correct expression for term in      (A1)

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 e.g. ,

Notes: Accept sloppy notation e.g. omission of brackets around  .

Accept absence of  in middle factor.

correct term     (A1)

e.g.  (accept absence of  )

setting up equation with their coefficient equal to 60     M1

e.g. , ,

     A1A1     N3

[7 marks]

19. [7 marks]

Given that  , find the value of n .

Markscheme

attempt to expand      (M1)

e.g. Pascal's triangle,

correct first two terms of  (seen anywhere)     (A1)

e.g.

correct first two terms of quadratic (seen anywhere)     (A1)

e.g. 9 , ,

correct calculation for the x-term     A2

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 e.g. , ,

correct equation     A1

e.g. ,

     A1     N1

[7 marks]

20a. [3 marks]

Consider the expansion of .

Find b.

Markscheme

valid attempt to find term in      (M1)

e.g. ,

correct equation     A1

e.g.

     A1     N2

[3 marks]

20b. [3 marks]

Find k.

Markscheme

evidence of choosing correct term     (M1)

e.g. 7th term,

correct expression     A1

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 e.g.

(accept )     A1     N2

[3 marks]

21a. [1 mark]

Consider the expansion of .

Write down the number of terms in the expansion.

Markscheme

10 terms     A1     N1

[1 mark]

21b. [5 marks]

Find the term in .

Markscheme

evidence of binomial expansion     (M1)

e.g. ,  , Pascal’s triangle

evidence of correct term     (A1)

e.g. 8th term, , ,

correct expression of complete term     (A1)

e.g. , ,

(accept )     A1     N2

[4 marks]

22a. [3 marks]

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 Expand and simplify your result.

Markscheme

evidence of expanding     M1

e.g. ,

     A2     N2

[3 marks]

22b. [3 marks]

Hence, find the term in in .

Markscheme

finding coefficients 24 and 1     (A1)(A1)

term is      A1     N3

[3 marks]

23. [6 marks]

Find the term in in the expansion of .

Markscheme

evidence of substituting into binomial expansion     (M1)

e.g.

identifying correct term for    (M1)

evidence of calculating the factors, in any order     A1A1A1

e.g. ;

Note: Award A1 for each correct factor.

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     A1     N2

Note: Award M1M1A1A1A1A0 for 1080 with working shown.

[6 marks]

24a. [1 mark]

The fifth term in the expansion of the binomial is given by .

Write down the value of .

Markscheme

     A1     N1

[1 mark]

24b. [2 marks]

Write down a and b, in terms of p and/or q.

Markscheme

,  (or ,  )     A1A1     N1N1

[2 marks]

24c. [3 marks]

Write down an expression for the sixth term in the expansion.

Markscheme

     A1A1A1     N3

[3 marks]

25a. [2 marks]

Let .

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 Expand  .

Markscheme

attempt to expand     (M1)

     A1     N2

[2 marks]

25b. [4 marks]

Use the formula  to show that the derivative of is .

Markscheme

evidence of substituting      (M1)

correct substitution     A1

e.g.

simplifying     A1

e.g.

factoring out h     A1

e.g.

     AG     N0

[4 marks]

25c. [4 marks]

The tangent to the curve of f at the point is parallel to the tangent at a point Q. Find the
coordinates of Q.

Markscheme

    (A1)

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 setting up an appropriate equation     M1

e.g.

at Q, (Q is )    A1    A1

[4 marks]

25d. [3 marks]

The graph of f is decreasing for . Find the value of p and of q.

Markscheme

recognizing that f is decreasing when      R1

correct values for p and q (but do not accept  )     A1A1     N1N1

e.g. ; ; an interval such as

[3 marks]

25e. [2 marks]

Write down the range of values for the gradient of .

Markscheme

, ,      A2     N2

[2 marks]

26a. [3 marks]

Expand and simplify your result.

Markscheme

evidence of expanding     M1

e.g.       A2     N2

[3 marks]

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26b. [3 marks]

Find the term in in .

Markscheme

finding coefficients, ,      (A1)(A1)

term is      A1     N3

[3 marks]

27. [5 marks]

Find the term in the expansion of  .

Markscheme

evidence of using binomial expansion     (M1)

e.g. selecting correct term,

evidence of calculating the factors, in any order     A1A1A1

e.g. 56 , , ,

(accept = to 3 s.f.)     A1     N2

[5 marks]

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