A door may be defined as a framework of steel, wood, aluminum, glass or a

combination of these material secured in an opening left in a wall for a purpose of

providing access to the users of the structure. It basically consist of two parts i.e,

1) A frame
2) Shutter(leaf)

For small opening a door is provided with one leaf or shutter and such a door is
known as single leaf door. In case of wider opening the door should have two
leaves and such a door is termed as double leaf door. Sometimes a door is
provided with shutter on either side of frame. Shutter on one side of the frame
may have wire gauge mesh (in case of kitchen door) and on the other side the
shutter may be fully paneled such a door is known as Double shuttered door.

LOCATION OF DOORS
The following guidelines should be kept in view while deciding the location of doors in a
building.

1) From consideration adequate air circulation within the door, the door should be
provided in opposite walls facing each others.
2) From consideration of paper space utilization and privacy, door should as far as possible
be located near the corner of a room ( say about 20 cm away from the corner).
3) The number of the doors in a room should be kept minimum to achieve optimum
utilization of space. Large number of doors beside causing obstruction, consume more
area in circulation.
4) The location of the door should meet the functional requirements of the room.
SIZE OF DOORS
The size of door to be adopted for a room depends basically upon the functional
requirements of the room. In case of W.C or bathroom where only one person is
expected to go at a time a door width of 75cm (2’6”) is consideration adequate.
On the other hand, the size of the garage door should be such that it may permit a car
to pass through. In general, the size of the door adopted should be such that is will
permit the movement of the largest object likely to pass through the door opening.

DOOR FRAME

Door frame is made up of two vertical members known as jambs or posts and a flat
member connecting the jambs at top called head. The cross-sectional dimensions of the
jamb and the head are normally kept same. The size of the door frame is worked out
after allowing a clearance of 5mm around of convenience of fixing the frame in the
opening.

Depending upon the type of material used, arrangement of different components,

method of construction and nature of working operation, doors can be broadly classified
into different types as under:-
1) Battened and ledged doors.
2) Battered ledge and braced.
3) Bettered ledge, braced and framed doors.
4) Framed and paralled doors.
5) Glazed or sash door
6) Flush door
7) Revolving doors
8) Sliding doors
9) Swing doors
10) Collapsible steel doors
11) Rolling steel shutter doors
12) Rolling grill doors
13) M.S sheet doors
14) Fire check doors.
1) TIMBER DOOR FRAME :- In case of doors having one shutter, the size of the
jamb or head is taken as 60mm thick and 100mm wide. In case of doors having two
shutters, the width of the frame members is increased from 100 mm to 120 or 140 mm.
Details of frames having :
1.Shutter on one side and 2.Shutters on either side (kitchen door having double shutter
i.e fly proof shutter on one side and paneled shutter on the other). The jambs are
usually tanned into the head and wedge. The projected portion is known as horn which
helps in securing the frame head to the masonry.
METHED OF FIXING – Before fixing, all portions of the frame which will come in contact
with masonry, are painted with thick coat or by any approved type of wood prime.

2) STEEL DOOR FRAMES :- Steel door frames can be made out of angle Tee, channel
or pressed steel plates. As in case of timber frame, in this case too there are two jamb
posts and a head. At the joints the members are either welded are rigidly fixed together
by mechanical means. Sometimes a horizontal member (angle iron) is also provided to
fix the jambs at base at floor level. This member is known threshold. In case of steel
frames the hold fasts or lugs and the hinge are invariably welded to the frame.
METHOD OF FIXING – Steel frames are always fixed in prepared door opening i.e after
the masonry work for the door opening as well as lintel etc. are complete and fully set.
In addition the size of door frame in this case is kept slightly less than the size of the
door opening so as to allow adequate clearance between the frame and the opening.