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IndusInd Bank
IndusInd Bank
4
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Please! It's your money. Please don't blame me if results of this excel
cause you to lose it all! I've designed this excel to aid your own thinking,
but you alone are responsible for your actions. I want to live peacefully
ever after! I am not a sadist who wants you to do the hard work by
analyzing companies on your own. But I'd rather give you a compass
instead of a map, for you can confuse map with territory and lose it all. All
the best!
Buffett Checklist - Read, Remember, Follow!
Source - Buffettology by Mary Buffett & David Clark
Parameter
Conclusion
Never Forget
Buffett Checklist - Read, Remember, Follow!
Source - Buffettology by Mary Buffett & David Clark
Explanation
Seek out companies that have no or less competition, either due to a patent or brand name or similar intangible that
makes the product unique. Such companies will typically have high gross and operating profit margins because of their
unique niche. However, don't just go on margins as high margins may simply highlight companies within industries with
traditionally high margins. Thus, look for companies with gross, operating and net profit margins above industry norms.
Also look for strong growth in earnings and high return on equity in the past.
Try to invest in industries where you possess some specialized knowledge (where you work) or can more effectively
judge a company, its industry, and its competitive environment (simple products you consume). While it is difficult to
construct a quantitative filter, you should be able to identify areas of interest. You should "only" consider analyzing
those companies that operate in areas that you can clearly grasp - your circle of competence. Of course you can
increase the size of the circle, but only over time by learning about new industries. More important than the size of the
circle is to know its boundaries.
Seeks out companies with conservative financing, which equates to a simple, safe balance sheet. Such companies tend
to have strong cash flows, with little need for long-term debt. Look for low debt to equity or low debt-burden ratios. Also
seek companies that have history of consistently generating positive free cash flows.
Rising earnings serve as a good catalyst for stock prices. So seek companies with strong, consistent, and expanding
earnings (profits). Seek companies with 5/10 year earnings per share growth greater than 25% (along with safe balance
sheets). To help indicate that earnings growth is still strong, look for companies where the last 3-years earnings growth
rate is higher than the last 10-years growth rate. More important than the rate of growth is the consistency in such
growth. So exclude companies with volatile earnings growth in the past, even if the "average" growth has been high.
Like you should stock to your circle of competence, a company should invest its capital only in those businesses within
its circle of competence. This is a difficult factor to screen for on a quantitative level. Before investing in a company, look
at the company’s past pattern of acquisitions and new directions. They should fit within the primary range of operations
for the firm. Be cautious of companies that have been very aggressive in acquisitions in the past.
Buffett prefers that firms reinvest their earnings within the company, provided that profitable opportunities exist. When
companies have excess cash flow, Buffett favours shareholder-enhancing maneuvers such as share buybacks. While
we do not screen for this factor, a follow-up examination of a company would reveal if it has a share buyback plan in
place.
Seek companies where earnings have risen as retained earnings (earnings after paying dividends) have been
employed profitably. A great way to screen for such companies is by looking at those that have had consistent earnings
and strong return on equity in the past.
Consider it a positive sign when a company is able to earn above-average (better than competitors) returns on equity
without employing much debt. Average return on equity for Indian companies over the last 10 years is approximately
16%. Thus, seek companies that earn at least this much (16%) or more than this. Again, consistency is the key here.
That's what is called "pricing power". Companies with moat (as seen from other screening metrics as suggested above
(like high ROE, high grow margins, low debt etc.) are able to adjust prices to inflation without the risk of losing significant
volume sales.
Companies that consistently need capital to grow their sales and profits are like bank savings account, and thus bad for
an investor's long term portfolio. Seek companies that don't need high capital investments consistently. Retained
earnings must first go toward maintaining current operations at competitive levels, so the lower the amount needed to
maintain current operations, the better. Here, more than just an absolute assessment, a comparison against
competitors will help a lot. Seek companies that consistently generate positive and rising free cash flows.
Sensible investing is always about using “folly and discipline” - the discipline to identify excellent businesses, and wait
for the folly of the market to drive down the value of these businesses to attractive levels. You will have little trouble
understanding this philosophy. However, its successful implementation is dependent upon your dedication to learn and
follow the principles, and apply them to pick stocks successfully.
Net Block 627 572 614 741 991 1,120 1,218 1,307 1,313 1,688
Capital Work in Progress 18 24 43 16 25 38 37 28 25 22
Investments 10,402 13,551 14,572 19,654 21,563 22,878 34,054 36,702 50,077 59,266
Other Assets 24,383 31,543 42,444 53,014 64,610 87,953 ### ### ### ###
Total 35,430 45,691 57,672 73,425 87,190 ### ### ### ### ###
Working Capital 22,993 29,786 40,546 50,786 61,717 81,347 ### ### ### ###
Debtors - - - - - - - - - -
Inventory - - - - - - - - - -
Cash & Bank** 4,735 3,367 3,190 3,393 2,605 3,546 4,739 5,829
** Manually enter this number; Convert to Rs Crore if not already done in the Annual Reports; Use Cash+Bank+Current Investments from Consolidated Balance Sheet in Annual Reports
Debtor Days - - - - - - - - - -
Inventory Turnover - - - - - - - - - -
Fixed Asset Turnover 4.3 6.3 8.7 9.4 8.3 8.7 9.7 11.0 13.2 13.2
Debt/Equity 13.2 9.9 10.8 8.3 8.3 8.9 6.7 7.2 8.0 9.1
Return on Equity 15% 14% 17% 14% 16% 17% 13% 14% 15% 12%
Return on Capital Employed 7% 7% 9% 9% 9% 9% 8% 7% 7% 7%
Profit & Loss Account / Income Statement
INDUSIND BANK LTD
Rs Cr Mar-10 Mar-11 Mar-12 Mar-13 Mar-14 Mar-15 Mar-16 Mar-17 Mar-18 Mar-19 Trailing
Sales 2,707 3,589 5,359 6,983 8,254 9,692 11,872 14,406 17,281 22,261 27,388
% Growth YOY 33% 49% 30% 18% 17% 22% 21% 20% 29%
Expenses 828 1,147 1,449 1,947 2,555 3,131 4,188 5,684 6,555 9,282 11,566
Material Cost (% of Sales) 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Check for wide fluctuations in key
Power and Fuel 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% expense items. For manufacturing firms,
Other Mfr. Exp 2% 1% 1% 1% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% check their material costs etc. For
Employee Cost 11% 11% 9% 9% 10% 10% 10% 11% 10% 8% services firms, look at employee costs.
Selling and Admin Cost 9% 8% 7% 7% 7% 8% 5% 8% 5% 4%
Operating Profit 1,879 2,442 3,910 5,037 5,698 6,561 7,684 8,722 10,726 12,979 15,821
Operating Profit Margin 69% 68% 73% 72% 69% 68% 65% 61% 62% 58% 58%
Other Income 519 711 1,012 1,363 1,891 2,546 3,297 4,171 4,750 5,646 6,738
Other Income as % of Sales 19.2% 19.8% 18.9% 19.5% 22.9% 26.3% 27.8% 29.0% 27.5% 25.4% 24.6%
Depreciation 45 61 75 73 98 127 157 191 212 229 -
Interest 1,821 2,213 3,655 4,750 5,363 6,272 7,355 8,343 9,783 13,415 16,328
Interest Coverage(Times) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1
Profit before tax (PBT) 533 879 1,192 1,576 2,128 2,709 3,469 4,360 5,481 4,981 6,232
% Growth YOY 65% 36% 32% 35% 27% 28% 26% 26% -9%
PBT Margin 20% 24% 22% 23% 26% 28% 29% 30% 32% 22% 23%
Tax 182 302 390 515 720 915 1,183 1,492 1,875 1,679 1,756
Net profit 350 577 803 1,061 1,408 1,794 2,286 2,868 3,606 3,301 4,476
% Growth YOY 65% 39% 32% 33% 27% 27% 25% 26% -8%
Net Profit Margin 13% 16% 15% 15% 17% 19% 19% 20% 21% 15% 16%
EPS 8.5 12.4 17.2 20.3 26.8 33.9 38.4 47.9 60.1 54.8 64.5
% Growth YOY 45% 39% 18% 32% 26% 13% 25% 25% -9%
Price to earning 19.9 21.3 18.7 19.9 18.7 26.2 25.2 29.7 29.9 32.5 6.8
Price 170 264 322 405 502 886 968 1,425 1,797 1,780 440
Dividend Payout 21.1% 16.1% 12.8% 14.8% 13.1% 11.8% 11.7% 12.5% 12.5% 13.7%
Market Cap 6,982 12,278 15,037 21,168 26,370 46,909 57,571 85,245 ### ###
Retained Earnings 276 484 700 904 1,224 1,582 2,019 2,509 3,156 2,849
Buffett's $1 Test 6.4
Check for long term vs short term trends here. Check if the growth over
past 3 or 5 years has slowed down / improved compared to long term (7 to
10 years) growth numbers.
Cash Flow Statement
INDUSIND BANK LTD
Rs Cr Mar-10 Mar-11 Mar-12 Mar-13 Mar-14 Mar-15 Mar-16 Mar-17 Mar-18 Mar-19 Total
Cash from Operating Activity (CFO) 86 609 -840 -486 -4,106 -1,421 -2,927 11,569 ### -6,389 -24,605
% Growth YoY 612% -238% -42% 745% -65% 106% -495% -279% -69%
Cash from Investing Activity -75 -21 -141 -174 -174 -276 -258 -285 -217 -633 -2,253
Cash from Financing Activity 669 834 2,496 1,969 4,200 5,707 2,517 -2,768 15,505 8,590 39,718
Net Cash Flow 679 1,421 1,515 1,309 -79 4,010 -667 8,516 -5,412 1,568 12,860
CFO/Sales 3% 17% -16% -7% -50% -15% -25% 80% -120% -29%
CFO/Net Profit 24% 106% -105% -46% -292% -79% -128% 403% -574% -194%
Capex** 315 212 364 565 607 937 1,156 1,638 1,238 824
FCF -230 398 -1,205 -1,051 -4,713 -2,358 -4,083 9,931 ### -7,213 -32,461
Average FCF (3 Years) -6,407
FCF Growth YoY -273% -403% -13% 349% -50% 73% -343% -321% -67%
FCF/Sales -8% 11% -22% -15% -57% -24% -34% 69% -127% -32%
FCF/Net Profit -66% 69% -150% -99% -335% -131% -179% 346% -608% -219%
Operating Margin 69.4% 68.0% 73.0% 72.1% 69.0% 67.7% 64.7% 60.5% 62.1%
PBT Margin 19.7% 24.5% 22.2% 22.6% 25.8% 27.9% 29.2% 30.3% 31.7%
Net Margin 12.9% 16.1% 15.0% 15.2% 17.1% 18.5% 19.3% 19.9% 20.9%
Debtor Days - - - - - - - - -
Inventory Turnover - - - - - - - - -
Fixed Asset Turnover 4.3 6.3 8.7 9.4 8.3 8.7 9.7 11.0 13.2
Debt/Equity 13.2 9.9 10.8 8.3 8.3 8.9 6.7 7.2 8.0
Debt/Assets 89.3% 87.3% 88.5% 86.6% 86.3% 84.6% 82.5% 83.3% 85.6%
Interest Coverage (Times) 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6
Return on Equity 14.6% 14.3% 17.0% 13.9% 15.6% 16.9% 12.9% 13.9% 15.1%
Return on Capital Employed 6.9% 7.0% 8.7% 8.9% 8.9% 8.5% 8.0% 7.5% 7.1%
Free Cash Flow (Rs Cr) -230 398 -1,205 -1,051 -4,713 -2,358 -4,083 9,931 ###
Mar/19
28.8%
-9.1%
-8.5%
0.4%
-69.1%
-67.1%
58.3%
22.4%
14.8%
-
-
13.2
9.1
87.1%
1.4
12.4%
6.8%
-7,213
What to look for?
Higher is better, but also look for long term stability and consistency
Higher is better, but also look for long term stability and consistency
Higher is better, but also look for long term stability and consistency
Higher isn't always better, esp. when the company is generating high ROE, which means the management is allocating capital
Higher is better, but also look for long term stability and consistency
Higher is better, but also look for long term stability and consistency
Higher is better, but also look for long term stability and consistency, plus the nature of the industry. Also compare with industry
Higher is better, but also look for long term stability and consistency, plus the nature of the industry. Also compare with industry
Higher is better, but also look for long term stability and consistency, plus the nature of the industry. Also compare with industry
25,000
Revenue 70% Revenue and P
Check for a rising trend. Check for a r
60% Compare gro
20,000 50%
40%
15,000
30%
10,000 20%
10%
5,000 0%
-10% Jan/11 Jan/13
- -20%
Jan/10 Jan/12 Jan/14 Jan/16 Jan/18
Revenue Gro
Net Profit Gr
Management Effectiveness
Mar/10 Mar/11 Mar/12 Mar/13 Mar/14 Mar/15 Mar/16 Mar/17 Mar/18
ROE 15% 14% 17% 14% 16% 17% 13% 14% 15%
ROCE 7% 7% 9% 9% 9% 9% 8% 7% 7%
Cash Flows
Mar/10 Mar/11 Mar/12 Mar/13 Mar/14 Mar/15 Mar/16 Mar/17 Mar/18
Operating Cash Flow 86 609 -840 -486 -4,106 -1,421 -2,927 11,569 -20,700
Free Cash Flow -230 398 -1,205 -1,051 -4,713 -2,358 -4,083 9,931 -21,938
Capital Allocation Quality
Check for a rising trend and/or consistency.
Numbers > 20% long term are good. Also check if the company
has zero/marginal debt. Compare with a close competitor Note: Please ignore the dates
on the X-axis. The figures are
for/as on the year ending date,
which for most Indian
companies would be 31st
March of that year
ROE ROCE
Mar/19
12%
7%
Mar/19
22,261
4,981
3,301
Mar/19
-6,389
-7,213
Common Size P&L
Rs Cr Mar-08 Mar-09 Mar-10 Mar-11 Mar-12 Mar-13 Mar-14 Mar-15 Mar-16 Mar-17
Sales 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
Raw Material Cost 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Change in Inventory 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Power and Fuel 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Other Mfr. Exp 2% 1% 1% 1% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2%
Employee Cost 11% 11% 9% 9% 10% 10% 10% 11% 10% 8%
Selling and Admin Cost 9% 8% 7% 7% 7% 8% 5% 8% 5% 4%
Other Expenses 10% 12% 10% 10% 12% 13% 18% 19% 21% 28%
Operating Profit 69% 68% 73% 72% 69% 68% 65% 61% 62% 58%
Other Income 19% 20% 19% 20% 23% 26% 28% 29% 27% 25%
Depreciation 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1%
Interest 67% 62% 68% 68% 65% 65% 62% 58% 57% 60%
Profit Before Tax 20% 24% 22% 23% 26% 28% 29% 30% 32% 22%
Tax 7% 8% 7% 7% 9% 9% 10% 10% 11% 8%
Net Profit 13% 16% 15% 15% 17% 19% 19% 20% 21% 15%
Dividend Amount 3% 3% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 3% 2%
P.S. In case of companies earning negative FCF, where this model will not work, you must use a normalized positive FCF as th
number. This number is your assumption of FCF the business will earn in a normal year, without capex. Check the history
business while arriving at your assumption, and use your judgment wisely without twisting the model to fit your version of r
Calculation
by Mohnish Pabrai
Avg 5-Yr Net Profit (Rs Crore) 2,771.0 Avg 5-Yr Net Profit (Rs Crore)
PE Ratio at 0% Growth 8.5 PE Ratio at 0% Growth
Long-Term Growth Rate 9.3 Long-Term Growth Rate
Ben Graham Value (Rs Crore) 75,038 Ben Graham Value (Rs Crore)
Current Market Cap (Rs Crore) 30,540 Current Market Cap (Rs Crore)
EXPLANATION
Ben Graham's Original Formula: Value = EPS x (8.5 + 2G)
Here, EPS is the trailing 12 month EPS, 8.5 is the P/E ratio of a stock with 0% growth and g is the growth rate for the next 7-10
2,771.0
8.5
18.6
126,523
30,540
of around 1962 when Graham was publicizing his works, the risk free interest rate was 4.4% but to adjust to the present, we divide this num
resent, we divide this number by today’s AAA corporate bond rate, represented by Y in the formula above.
Dicounted Cash Flow Valuation
INDUSIND BANK LTD
Final Calculations
Terminal Year (23,164)
PV of Year 1-10 Cash Flows (71,262)
Terminal Value (74,583)
Total PV of Cash Flows ###
Current Market Cap (Rs Cr) 30,540
META
Number of shares 69.35
Face Value 10
Current Price 440.35
Market Capitalization 30539.65
Quarters
Report Date Sep-17 Dec-17 Mar-18 Jun-18 Sep-18 Dec-18
Sales 4208.35 4286.78 4650.11 5068.15 5438.09 5763.47
Expenses 1668.81 1653.04 1782.26 1862.91 2118.39 2246.66
Other Income 1187.57 1186.76 1208.51 1301.6 1317.28 1468.85
Depreciation
Interest 2,387.36 2,391.97 2,642.52 2,945.72 3,234.81 3,475.38
Profit before tax 1339.75 1428.53 1433.84 1561.12 1402.17 1510.28
Tax 459.65 492.28 480.75 525.4 481.92 525.25
Net profit 880.1 936.25 953.09 1035.72 920.25 985.03
Operating Profit 2539.54 2633.74 2867.85 3205.24 3319.7 3516.81
BALANCE SHEET
Report Date Mar-10 Mar-11 Mar-12 Mar-13 Mar-14 Mar-15
Equity Share Capital 410.65 465.97 467.7 522.87 525.64 529.45
Reserves 1984.39 3576.27 4263.06 7096.67 8506.3 10101.03
Borrowings 31,644.46 39,890.79 51,043.56 63,576.28 75,264.25 94,752.42
Other Liabilities 1390.55 1757.54 1898.16 2228.68 2893.47 6605.6
Total 35430.05 45690.57 57672.48 73424.5 87189.66 111988.5
Net Block 627 572.05 614.1 740.61 991.26 1119.56
Capital Work in Progress 17.83 24.41 42.7 15.53 25.19 38.02
Investments 10401.84 13,550.81 14571.95 19654.17 21562.95 22878.34
Other Assets 24383.38 31543.3 42443.73 53014.19 64610.26 87952.58
Total 35430.05 45690.57 57672.48 73424.5 87189.66 111988.5
Receivables
Inventory
Cash & Bank 2603.18 4024.6 5539.62 6848.73 6769.44 10779.14
No. of Equity Shares 410454640 465773835 467510001 523061906 525446484 529450209
New Bonus Shares
Face value 10 10 10 10 10 10
CASH FLOW:
Report Date Mar-10 Mar-11 Mar-12 Mar-13 Mar-14 Mar-15
Cash from Operating Activity 85.56 609.1 -840.38 -485.76 -4105.76 -1421.06
Cash from Investing Activity -74.57 -21.32 -140.72 -173.98 -173.7 -276.16
Cash from Financing Activity 668.5 833.64 2496.12 1968.85 4200.17 5706.92
Net Cash Flow 679.49 1421.42 1515.02 1309.11 -79.29 4009.7
DERIVED:
Adjusted Equity Shares in Cr 41.05 46.58 46.75 52.31 52.54 52.95
DO NOT MAKE ANY CHANGES TO THIS SHEET
10 10 10 10
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