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3 Cycle Analysis Intake
3 Cycle Analysis Intake
3 Cycle Analysis Intake
ADVANCED GAS TURBINE ENGINE
THEORY
ENGINE CYCLE ANALYSIS
AIR INTAKE
ENGINE CYCLE ANALYSIS ‐ INTAKE
• Intake or Diffuser
ENGINE CYCLE ANALYSIS ‐ INTAKE
• Intake/Diffuser (Ideal)
ENGINE CYCLE ANALYSIS ‐ INTAKE
• Intake/Diffuser (Ideal)
ENGINE CYCLE ANALYSIS ‐ INTAKE
• Cycle Equations – Goal is to evaluate downstream
conditions from the upstream conditions.
• Diffuser/Intake (Ideal)
– Purpose to decelerate air from high subsonic to medium
subsonic, while increasing .
– Subscript “a” – Ambient, “1” – Diffuser inlet, “2” – Diffuser
Exit.
– Diffuser Exit – increased , increased .
Assume isentropic conditions.
ENGINE CYCLE ANALYSIS ‐ INTAKE
• Dffuser/Intake Equations (Ideal)
1
1
2
1
1
2
ENGINE CYCLE ANALYSIS ‐ INTAKE
ENGINE CYCLE ANALYSIS ‐ INTAKE
• Intake/Diffuser (Real), subsonic high
speed/low flow rate
ENGINE CYCLE ANALYSIS ‐ INTAKE
• Intake/Diffuser (Real)
– Entropy increases from “a” to “2”, but flow
remains nearly adiabatic.
Pressure Recovery in Intake/Diffuser
= = Diffuser Press Recovery Factor
ENGINE CYCLE ANALYSIS ‐ INTAKE
• Intake/Diffuser (Real)
– Losses due to viscosity effects Boundary Layer
Turbulence
– Unfavorable pressure gradient may lead to flow‐
separation resulting in lower
– Flow non‐uniformity due to above, resulting in
lower compressor performance.
ENGINE CYCLE ANALYSIS ‐ INTAKE
• Intake/Diffuser (Real), subsonic low
speed/high flow‐rate, or supersonic
ENGINE CYCLE ANALYSIS ‐ INTAKE
• Intake/Diffuser (Real Supersonic)
Pressure Recovery in Intake/Diffuser
= = ,
Where is press recovery factor upstream of “1”,
due to shocks
Engine Air Intake
• 737‐MAX
Engine Air Intake
• CFM56 Intake on 737
Engine Air Intake
• 737‐800
Engine Air Intake
• Intake/Diffuser Mirage 2000 s/s
Engine Air Intake
• Jaguar
Engine Air Intake
• Concorde
ENGINE CYCLE ANALYSIS ‐ INTAKE
• Flow Patterns
ENGINE CYCLE ANALYSIS ‐ INTAKE
• Pressure Rise Coefficient
For ideal inlet conditions,
Introducing Inlet Mach Number
=
ENGINE CYCLE ANALYSIS ‐ INTAKE
• Limits of Pressure Rise
ENGINE CYCLE ANALYSIS ‐ INTAKE
• Diffuser Aspect Ratio vs Angle