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Lab 4: C A C: Lippers ND Lampers
Lab 4: C A C: Lippers ND Lampers
SUGGESTED READING:
Class Lectures 7, 8
Chapter 3: “Diode Applications”, introductory Electronic Devices and
Circuits by Robert T. Paynter.
Chapter 4, “Clippers and Clampers”, Introductory Electronic Devices
andCircuits by Robert. T Paynter
Datasheet : 1N4007 rectifier diode
http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_3/chpt_3/4.html
http://cie-wc.edu/diode-clipper-and-clampers-lecture-8-18-11.pdf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clamper_(electronics)
Please read through all the suggested reading before you come to lab.
Clippers
A clipper is a circuit designed to ‘clip’ or limit the AC signal to a certain value.
Clippers that clip off the positive half cycle are known as ‘positive’ clippers.
Clippers that clip off the negative half cycle are known as ‘negative’ clippers.
Clippers are useful for protecting circuits from exceeding various voltages (either
positive or negative)
Series Clipper:
A single diode connected in series with an AC voltage source forms a series
clipper (Fig 4.1).
Shunt Clippers:
Shunt clippers are formed when the diode is connected in parallel with the load. The clip off
either the positive or the negative half of the input wave. The clipping action is performed when
the diode conducts.
Clampers:
Sometimes you may want to leave the waveform unchanged, but modify its DC
level up or down. To accomplish this, you use a clamper circuit. The beauty of
clampers is that they can adjust the DC position of the waveform without knowing
what the waveform actually is. Fig.4.3 shows a voltage clamper that can be made
from diodes and capacitors.
Procedure:
TASK1: SHUNT CLIPPERS
Use the rectifier diode to connect the circuit in the shunt clipper format.
Attach the current limiting resistance with the diode to limit the amount of
current flowing through it in forward bias mode.
Create positive and negative shunt clippers and view the output on the palm-
scope.
TASK3: CLAMPER
Use a capacitor in place of the current limiting resistor of the shunt clipper to
make a clamper circuit.
Analyze the waveform by viewing it on the palm-scope
REVIEW QUESTIONS:
Q: Which clipper would you prefer between the series and the shunt clipper? Why?
Ans:
Q: How does the output of a clamper differ from that of a shunt clipper?
Ans:
Q: Plot the wave form of your combination zener clipper(approximated) using MS EXCEL and
find its RMS and average values.
Bonus Question: Plot the wave form of your clamper signal and show both the input and the
output on the same graph (using MS EXCEL). Find the RMS and average values of the output.
COMMENTS:
P.S: Comments are logical observations and findings that you learned during your
practical.
VAV = Vmax/π
VRMS =
Vmax/2
The bridge rectifiers are the mostly commonly used bridge rectifiers due to high average output
and fewer variations in output.
Procedure:
TASK1:
Connect one rectifier in series with the AC output from the
12V transformer to make the positive half wave rectifier.
Using palm-scope view the input and output signals and
record the maximum value of the output.
Connect the diode in opposite polarity to make the negative
half wave rectifier and record the maximum value of the
output.
TASK2:
Connect four diodes in the bridge configuration:
TASK3:
Re-connect the circuit in half wave diode rectifier configuration.
Connect a small (1uF) capacitor with the output and observe the
effect of the capacitor on the output.
Connect increasingly larger values of capacitors and observe
their effects on the rectifier outputs.
Now vary the load resistance and observe the effects on the
rectifier output.
REVIEW QUESTIONS:
Q: What rectifier would you prefer to use, and why?
Ans:
Q: Write down the average and RMS values of both rectifier outputs.
Ans:
Q: What are the dangers involved while working with high voltage and rectification?
Ans:
Bonus Question: Can the bridge rectifier be used to generate negative voltages? Explain using
figure.
Ans:
Bonus Task: Plot two periods of your output (approximated) of half wave rectifier using MS
Excel.
COMMENTS:
P.S: Comments are logical observations and findings that you learned during your
practical.