Outcome VO2max Outcome BMI

Study N Age (y) BMI (kg/m 2 ) Training Intensity Duration Control (ml.min.kg) (kg/m 2 )

Arad et al. 28 female HIIT: 29 ± 4 HIIT: 32.5 ±3.6 HIIT (cycling; 24 min) 6 min warm‐up 50%HRR 14 weeks Normal level of physical HIIT: from 23.1 ±4.9 HIIT: from 32.5±3.6
2015 27 CON: 30 ±7 CON: 32.1 ±3.2 (3/week) 4x30‐60s 75‐90% HRR 5 activity to 24.9±5.5 to 32.7 ±3.8
min cool‐down CON: from 19.7 CON: from 32.1±3.2
±6.3 to 20.9 ±4.6 to 31.6 ±3.6

Cheema et al. 12 39 ±17 HIIT: 32.0±5.9 HIIT (Boxing; 50 min) 5 min warm up 12 weeks 50 min brisk walking HIIT: from 27.9 ±2.4 HIIT: from 32.0 ±5.9
2015 21 7: female CON: 30.8±2.6 (4/week) HIIT 2:1 (4/week) to 32.5 ±5.0 to 30.5 ±4.0
5: male >75% HRR vs rest/pacing CON: from 29.0 CON: from 30.8
±6.4 to 28.8 ±8.0 ±2.6 to 30.7 ±3.0

Cocks et al. 16 male SIT: 24 ±5.7 SIT: 35.8 ±4.2 SIT (cycling) 2 min warm up (50W) 12 sessions 40‐60 min continuous SIT: from 33.9 ±3.4 SIT: from 35.8 ±4.2
2015 24 MICT:26±5.7 MICT: 33.7±4.2 (5/week) 30s 200% Wmax /120s 30W cycling ‐65% VO2peak to 36.3 ±4.5 to 35.7 ±4.2
4 to 7 intervals (5/week) MICT: 35.1 ±4.2 to MICT: 33.7±4.2 to
39.8 ±7.6 33.1±4.5

Hansen et al. 50 male 59 ±8 HIT: 32.1±4.5 HIT (walking, cycling, 40 min continuous at 75% 6 months 55 min continuous at 50% HIT: from 20.8 ±5.5 HIT: from 32.1±4.5
2009 38 LIT: 32.7±3.9 cross‐country ski‐type VO2peak VO2peak to 24.7 ±6 to 31.4 ±4.5
exercise) LIT: from 20.9 ±5 to LIT: from 32.7 ± 4
(3/week) 23.5 ±5.5 to 32.3 ±4.5

Higgins et al 60 female 20.4 ±1.5 30.3 ±4.5 SIT (cycle ergometer) 4 min warm‐up 6 weeks 20‐30 min cycling at 60‐ SIT: from 29.1 ±4.8
2016 20 (3/week) 30 s ‘all out” sprints, 4 min 70% Heart rate reserve to 33.2 ± 4.4
active recovery. MICT: from 26.9
5 repetitions in week 1‐2, 6 ±4.5 to 28.8 ± 4.3
repetitions in week 3‐4 and 7
repetitions in week 5‐6
 Outcome VO2max Outcome BMI
Study N Age (y) BMI (kg/m 2 ) Training Intensity Duration Control (ml.min.kg) (kg/m 2 )

Jakicic et al. 201 HI/HI: 38.3 ±5.4 HI: 32.8 ±3.9 High intensity/high 12 months Moderate intensity/high HI: from 20.2±2.9 to HI: from 32.9 ±3.9
2003 29 female MI/HI: 36.8±5.3 MI: 32.2 ±3.9 duration (treadmill) duration 24.5±4.8 to 29.5 ±4.8
(5/week) (5/week) MI: from 19.4±3.2 to MI: from 32.3 ±3.9
22.1±4.0 to 29.2 ±4.8

Jung et al. 32 51 ±10 32.9 ±6.3 HIIT (25 min) 3 min warm up 10 days + 4 20‐50 min continuous 65% HIIT: from 20.7 ±3.3 HIIT: from 29.8 ±5.5
2015 30 27:female (walking,elliptical 10x1 min 90% HRpeak weeks HRpeak to 22.6 ±4.1 to 29.9 ±5.1
5:male machine, treadmill or 2 min cool‐down MICT: from 20.8 MICT: from 32.1
cycling) ±5.2 to 22.0 ±4.6 ±4.1 to 31.9 ±3.7
(3/week)

Keating et al. 48 43.6 ±3.0 33.4 ±1.3 HI (cycling) 30‐45 min 60‐70% VO2peak 8 weeks Low to moderate intensity, HI: from 21.9 ±4.8 HI: from 36.3 ±5.9
2015 31 (3/week) high volume (Brisk to 24.9 ±5.5 to 35.8± 5.9
walking) LO: from 24.9 ±3.5 LO: from 33.9 ±3.1
45‐60 min 50% VO2peak to 27.2 ±2.8 to 33.4 ±3.1

Landaeta‐Diaz 45 MeD: 57.2 ±4.4 MeD: 38.44 MeDE (diet +exercise) 30 min 80% HRmax 12 weeks Diet only‐ calori restriction MeDE: from 18.87 MeDE: from
et al. 2012 32 30: female MeDE: 59.05 ±6.5 (ergometer) (500kcal/day) ±5.59 to 27.31 37.05±3.22 to
15: male ±5.5 MeDE: 37.05 (3/week) ±4.70 33.79±3.21
±3.22 MeD: from 19.99 MeD: from 38.44
±5.72 to 22.38 ± ±6.5 to 36.35 ±6.12
6.98

Lunt et al. 49 WALK: 46.3 ±5.4 WALK: 32.7 AIT: aerobic interval AIT: 4min HIIT (85‐95% 12 weeks WALK: AIT: from 24.2 ±4.8 AIT: from 32.1 ±3.1
2013 22 36:female AIT: 48.2 ±5.6 ±4.3 training HRmax)/3 min walking 10 min warming up to 25.6 ±4.8 to 32.1 ±3.0
13:male MVIT: 50.3 ±8.0 AIT: 32.1 ±3.1 (walking) 4 repetitions (40 min) 5 min cool down MVIT: from 25.0 MVIT: from 32.4
MVIT: 32.4 ±2.9 MVIT: maximal volitional MVIT: 30 s volitional 33 min walk (65‐75% ±2.8 to 25.2 ±3.4 ±2.9 to 32.3 ±2.9
intensity training intensity/4 min walking WALK: from 26.5 WALK: from 32.4
3‐6 repititions ±5.3 to 25.2 ±3.6 ±2.9 to 32.3 ±2.9
 Outcome VO2max Outcome BMI
Study N Age (y) BMI (kg/m 2 ) Training Intensity Duration Control (ml.min.kg) (kg/m 2 )

(3/week) (25‐40 min) HRpeak)

10 min warming up
5 min cool‐down

Mezghanni et 31 female 25.2 ±4.8 G75: 32.9 ±1.8 High intensity aerobic G75: 20‐55 min 75% HRR 12 weeks Moderate intensity aerobic G75: from 32.9 ±1.8
al. 2012 33 G50: 34.1 ±3.6 training training to 30.5 ±2.4
CON: 33.2 ±1.8 (walking and jogging) G50: 20‐55min G50: from 34.1 ±3.6
50% HRR to 32.9 ±3.8
OR CON: from 33.2
Control ±1.8 to 33.3 ±1.7

Nicklas et al. 112 CR: 58.4 ±6.0 CR: 33.9 ±4.0 Caloric restriction + high 3‐5 min warm up 20 weeks CR+MI: 45‐50%HRR CR+HI: +4.1 ±
2009 23 female CR+MI: 57.7 CR+MI: 33.7 intensity exercise CR+HI: 70‐75%HRR OR CR only 3.7
±5.5 ±3.5 (treadmill)  
CR+HI: 59.0 CR+HI: 32.9 (3/week) CR+MI: +2.5 ±2.6
±5.0 ±3.7 CR only: +2.0 ±2.6

Robinson et al. 39 52±10 HIIT: 32.9± 6.6 HIIT (cycle, treadmill, HIIT: 3 min warm up 2 weeks 20‐50 min of continuous HIIT: from 20.4 ±3.4 HIIT: from 32.9 ±6.6
2015 34 MICT: 31.4 ± elliptical) 4x 1:1 85‐90% Wpeak/20% activity at 32.5% Wpeak to 21.9 ±4.0 to 32.6 ±6.7
4.1 Wpeak MICT: from 20.6 MICT: from 31.4
to 10x 1:185‐90% Wpeak / ±4.9 to 22.1 ±4.7 ±4.1 to 31.3 ±4.0
20% Wpeak
Cooldown (32.5% Wpeak)

Roxburgh et al. 29 36.3 ± 6.9 CMIET+HIIT: CMIET+ single bout of 4 sessions CMIET 12 weeks CMIET: 15 min walking CMIET+HIIT: from CMIET+HIIT: from
2014 36 19: female 30.7± 6.3 HIIT +1 session HIIT: 60s and 15 min cycling (45‐ 32.7 ±9.2 to 30.7 ±6.3 to
10: male CMIET: 29.6± (treadmill and cycling) 100%VO2max ‐150 s 60%HRR) 36.0±11.5 30.6±6.1
4.7 (5/week) recovery Control: normal activity CMIET: from CMIET: from
Control: 29.2 8‐12 repetitions level. No exercise 33.2±4.0 to 34.5 29.6±4.7 to
 Outcome VO2max Outcome BMI
Study N Age (y) BMI (kg/m 2 ) Training Intensity Duration Control (ml.min.kg) (kg/m 2 )

±4.2 ±6.1 29.4±4.7

CON: from 30±4.6 CON: from 29.2
to 28.3±6.5 ±4.2 to 29.5±4.4

Sawyer et al. 18 HIT: 35.6 ±8.9 HIIT: 37.4 ±6.2 HIIT (cycle ergometer) 5 min warm‐up (50‐60% 8 weeks 5 min warm‐up (50‐60% HIIT: from 20.3 ±4.9 HIIT: from 37.4 ±6.2
2016 26 9: female MICT: 34.8 ±7.7 MICT: 34.5 ±3.2 (3/week) HRmax) HRmax) to 24.4 ±5.9 to 37.4 ±6.1
9: male 10x 1 min intervals (90‐95% 30 min cycling at 70‐75% MICT: from 22.4 MICT: from 34.5
HRmax) of HRmax ±3.6 to 25.5 ±4.5 ±3.2 to 34.5 ±3.2
5 min cool‐down (50‐60% 5 min cool‐down (50‐60%
HRmax) HRmax

Schjerve et al. 40 Strength: 46.2 ± Strength: HIIT (treadmill, walking 10 min warm up 50‐60% 12 weeks Moderate intensity: 47 min
2008 37 32: female 10.6 34.5±5.05 and running) HRmax walking 60‐70% HRmax
8: male Moderate Moderate (3/week) 4x4 min 85‐95% + 3 min Strenght training:
intensity: 44.4 intensity: interval walking 50‐60% 15 min warm up 40‐50%
±7.9 36.7±5.05 HRmax HRmax
High intensity: High intensity: 5 min cool down 4x5 90% 1RM
46.9±7.9 36.6±4.49

Skleryk et al. 16 male 38.7±5.5 33.7±5.7 Sprint interval training 8‐12x10 s ‘all out’ sprints 2 weeks Traditional exercise SIT: from 29.7 ±3.7 SIT: from 32.2±5.9
2013 25 (SIT) (ergometer) recommendations (TER) to 29.3±5.3 to 32.2±5.9
(6 sessions) 30 min 65% VO2max TER: from 26.3±5.7 TER: from 35.2±5.1
(10 sessions) to 26.3±6.2 to 35.2±5.1

Trilk et al. 2011 28 female SIT: 30.1±6. SIT: 35.7±6. Sprint interval training SIT: 4 min warm up 30 s 4 weeks Normal level of physical SIT: from 21.6±4.12
35
CON: 31.4±5.5 CON: 34.6±5.9 (SIT)(ergometer) sprint against resistance activity to 24.5±4.12
(3/week) (0.05kg/kg)  
  CON: from 20.5±3.4
4 min active recovery (low to 20.4±3.0
 Outcome VO2max Outcome BMI
Study N Age (y) BMI (kg/m 2 ) Training Intensity Duration Control (ml.min.kg) (kg/m 2 )

RPM at 0% body mass)