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1- Increasing order of their

Ag cu Fe tendency to lose electrons

Copper has more tendency to lose electrons than silver but has less tendency to lose electrons than
iron.

1.2- Since electrons are moving from copper to X, then copper is the anode. Moreover, cu cu2+ + 2
electrons.

1.3- According to the x-axis, Cu has more tendency to lose electrons than Ag. So Ag is X. Moreover, in a
galvanic cell, metals are dipped in their own metallic ion, so Ag+ is the metallic ion.

2.1-half anode reaction: Cu Cu2+ + 2 electrons

Half cathode reaction: Ag+ + 1 electron Ag

2.2- half anode reaction: Cu Cu2+ + 2 electrons

Half cathode reaction: Ag+ + 1 electron Ag TIMES 2

In a redox reaction number of electrons are conserved, so number of electrons lost must be equal to
number of electros gained.

Overall reaction: Cu + 2Ag+ Cu2+ +2 Ag

3- According to the equation: Ag+ + 1 electron Ag

Ag+ is gaining electrons to form Ag. So with time the amount of Ag+ is going to decrease, so positive
ions(K+) will migrate from the salt bridge to the cathode and maintain neutrality.

4- It is spontaneous reaction since no external energy was used.

Brevet Corner. Page 67: number 14

a- Zinc copper magnesium

b- The voltmeter reads zero since there is no salt bridge for the experiment to start.

c- 1- The first one indicates the setup since Mg has more tendency to lose electrons than Cu.
 2- Since electrons are moving from Mg to Cu, which means that Mg has more tendency to lose
electrons than Cu. So Mg is the anode and Cu is the cathode.
3- half anode reaction: Mg Mg2+ + 2 electrons
Half cathode reaction: Cu2+ + 2 electrons Cu

half anode reaction: Mg Mg2+ + 2 electrons

Half cathode reaction: Cu2+ + 2 electrons Cu

In a redox reaction number of electrons are conserved, number of electrons lost should be equal
to number of electrons gained.

Overall reaction: Mg+ Cu2+ Mg2+ + Cu