UNIT V-Programmable Peripheral Interface

UNIT V
INTERFACING
Dr. RM. KUPPAN CHETTY., M.Tech., Ph.D
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CONTENTS
✓ INTERFACE
✓ INTERFACE REQUIREMENTS
✓ BUFFERS
✓ HANDSHAKING
✓ POLLING AND INTERRUPTS
✓ PERIPHERAL INTERFACE ADAPTERS
✓ SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE
✓ EXAMPLES
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OUTCOMES
Students are able to
❖ Identify interface requirements and how they can be used
❖ Discuss the role of buffers, handshaking and polling in
interfacing peripherals
❖ Explain the function of peripheral interface adapters
❖ Explain the function of serial interfacing techniques
Interfacing - Interface
• Method of connecting or linking together one device,
especially a computer or micro-controller with another
allowing us to design or adapt the output and input
configurations
• A circuit used between peripherals and Microprocessor or
Microcontroller to have compatibility between two devices.
• The lack could be of signal forms and levels.
Input Interfacing Output Interfacing
Interfacing Requirements
➢ Electrical Buffering / Isolation
- Needed when the peripheral operates at different
voltage/current levels
- Different ground levels
- Buffer is used to isolation and voltage / current amplification
➢ Timing Control
- Needed when data transfer rates of the peripherals and
micro controller are different
- Special lines called as handshaking is used to solve this issue.
➢ Code Conversion
- An LED display require a decoder to convert the BCD output
from a Microprocessor to operate.
Interfacing Requirements (contd.)
➢ Changing the number of lines
- Needed when the peripheral operates at different
voltage/current levels
- Different ground levels
- Buffer is used to isolation and voltage / current amplification
➢ Data transfer
- Serial to Parallel and Vice-Versa
- Special lines called as handshaking is used to solve this issue.
➢ Data Conversion
- Analog to Digital conversion and Vice Versa
BUFFERS
❖ Used to connect two parts of a
system to prevent unwanted
interference between the two
parts
❖ Used to isolate the input from the
output, providing either no voltage
or a voltage that is same as the
input voltage.
❖ purpose of most buffers is to act as a
holding area, enabling the CPU to
manipulate data before transferring it Buffers: (a) no logic change, enabled by 1, (b) no
logic change, enabled by 0, (c) logic change,
to a device enabled by 1, (d) logic change, enabled by 0
❖ Tristate buffers are used when

more peripherals shares the same
data lines of the processor
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BUFFERS
Tristate buffer used to connect multiple peripheral devices with
same data bus
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Handshaking
➢ Timing control is needed when data
transfer rates of the peripheral and
micro processor are different.
➢ Special lines (handshake lines) are used
for controlling the data transfer.
✓ Use case of peripheral sending
data:
✓ DATA READY from peripheral to
CPU
✓ CPU determines DATA READY signal
is active and read input data
✓ CPU sends INPUT ACKNOWLEDGE
signal
Polling and Interrupts
Polling:
Process of repeatedly checking peripheral device to see if it is
ready to send data or accept new data is a called polling
➢ Ask each device sequentially if it needs service.
➢ No devices may need service during polling
➢ It is a continuous act to figure out whether the device is working
properly
Interrupts:
➢ An event that indicates the CPU to take immediate action.
➢ When an interrupt occurs, the CPU pauses the task it is currently executing
and executes the corresponding interrupt handler, which is known as
Interrupt Service Routine (ISR).
Interrupt control Central heating system
Peripheral Interfacing
1. Reading Data from an external device

2. Writing Data to an external device
Interfacing a Stepper Motor with PIA
Serial Interface
Serial Interface
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Examples of Interfacing
Interfacing a Seven Segment Display with 8051
Interfacing a Seven Segment Display with 8051
References
• Chapter 20 - W.Bolton, Mechatronics, Electronic Control Systems in Mechanical and
Electrical Engineering, 4th edition.

UNIT V-Programmable Peripheral Interface

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UNIT V

Input Interfacing Output Interfacing

❖ Tristate buffers are used when

Interrupt control Central heating system

1. Reading Data from an external device

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