59.

In giving tetanus toxoid immunization for pregnant women, the first dose
should be given.
a. Second Trimester c. 1 year after delivery
b. 3rd Trimester d. as early as possible during pregnancy

Ans. & rationale: d. as early as possible during pregnancy. The World Health
Organization recommends that first dose of tetanus toxoid immunization for pregnant
women should be given at first contact with women of childbearing age, or as early as
possible in the pregnancy.

WHO handbook for guideline development, 2nd edition. Geneva: World Health Organization;
2014 (http://www.who.int/kms/handbook_2nd_ ed.pdf, accessed 6 October 2016).

60. The legal mandate that supports the PHC act

a. LOI 949 b. PD 996 c. E.O 51 d. RA7180

Ans. & rationale: a. LOI 949. On October 19, 1979, the Letter of Instruction (LOI) 949, the
legal basis of PHC was signed by Pres. Ferdinand E. Marcos, which adopted PHC as an
approach towards the design, development and implementation of programs focusing on
health development at community level.

Filoteo JA, Dela Cruz EO, Guarino RA. Primary health care evidence and its
contribution to health outcomes in selected municipalities and cities in Philippines. J
Public Health Policy Plann. 2019;3(3):40-55.

61. Requirements to be a Public Health Nurse Includes

1. Filipino citizen 2. BSN, RN 3. Masters degree in Nursing 4. 3 years as
a C. I
a. 1, 3 b. 3, 4 c. 1, 2 d. 2, 4

Ans. & rationale: c. 1, 2. REPUBLIC ACT No. 4704 June 18, 1966 “AN ACT TO AMEND
CERTAIN SECTIONS OF REPUBLIC ACT NUMBERED EIGHT HUNDRED SEVENTY-SEVEN,
OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE "PHILIPPINE NURSING LAW." states that qualifications or
requirements of applicants of Public Health Nurse, an applicant must, at the time of filing his
or her application therefor, establish to the satisfaction of the Board that:
(a) He or she is a citizen of the Philippines

(e) He or she has at least received a diploma as graduate in nursing, bachelor of nursing or
bachelor of science in nursing from a school, college or university duly recognized by the
government.

REPUBLIC ACT No. 4704 June 18, 1966. Retrieved from url:
https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1966/ra_4704_1966.html

62. Which of the following statements best explain the concept of people empowerment?
a. People are the health beneficiaries’ c. People can demand health services
b. People themselves are health resources d. People are our partners in health

Ans. & rationale: b. People themselves are health resources

 'Empowerment' refers to the process by which people gain control over the factors
and decisions that shape their lives. It is the process by which they increase their assets and
attributes and build capacities to gain access, partners, networks and/or a voice, in order to
gain control, World Health Organization. Thus, empowerment refers to people themselves
are health resources.

Labonté R. and Laverack G. (2008) Health promotion in action: from local to global
empowerment

63. As a PHN you also have an active role in disease surveillance sod epidemiology of
disease in the community. Among others you also do the following.
1. Immediately inform the rural health physician of any unusual increases cases in the
community disease.
2. Conduct epidemiological investigation on all reported outbreaks
3. Request the midwife to graph weekly disease incidence cases in the municipality
4. Assist in the planning and implementing disease control measures during outbreak
a. 1, 2 & 4 b. 2 & 4 c. 1 & 4 d. 3 & 4

Ans. & rationale: a. 1, 2 & 4

Public health surveillance of a PHN is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and
interpretation of health-related data needed for the planning, implementation, and
evaluation of public health practice. Such surveillance can: serve as an early warning system
for impending public health emergencies; document the impact of an intervention, or track
progress towards specified goals; and monitor and clarify the epidemiology of health
problems, to allow priorities to be set and to inform public health policy and strategies,
World Health Organization. Choice 3 is not an immediate role of a Public Health Nurse in
surveillance and epidemiology.

World Health Organization, (2019). Public health surveillance/. Retrieved url form
https://www.who.int/topics/public_health_surveillance/en/

64. The habitual presence of a disease or infectious agent within a given

geographic area is:
a. Epidemic b. Endemic c. Pandemic d. Sporadic

Ans. & rationale: A. Epidemic

An epidemic is the rapid spread of disease to a large number of people in a given population
within a short period of time. For example, in meningococcal infections, an attack rate in
excess of 15 cases per 100,000 people for two consecutive weeks is considered an
epidemic.

Retrieved url from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/epidemic

65. Measures the frequency of occurrence of new cases of a certain disease

during a given period of time
a. Prevalence rate b. Endemic c. Fatality rate d. Mortality rate

Ans. & rationale: b. Endemic.

In epidemiology, an infection is said to be endemic in a population when that infection is
constantly maintained at a baseline level in a geographic area without external inputs. For
example, chickenpox is endemic in the UK, but malaria is not. 

Retrieved url from https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=3234