The eight cases

Cases Meaning
"It names"; in short, when the noun (or adjective) is declined in this
Nominative Case, is just named and it occupies the subject position in the
sentence. For example: "man eats".

It adds "to/toward"; that is, when the noun (or adjective) is declined
Accusative in this Case occupies the place of Direct Object. For example: "they
eat man".

It adds "by/through/by means of/with"; that is, when the noun (or
Instrumenta
adjective) is declined in this Case appears as an "instrument" of the
l
verb. For example: "they grow by man"

It adds "to/for"; that is, when the noun (or adjective) is declined in
this Case occupies the place of Indirect Object. For example: "we
Dative
give food to man". In this case "man" is the Indirect Object, and
"food" is the Direct Object of the verb.

It adds "from/because of/due to"; that is, when the noun (or
adjective) is declined in this Case indicates an origin or else an
Ablative
instrument. For example: "they come from man", or else, "from
man everything is generated".

It adds "of"; that is, when the noun (or adjective) is declined in this
Genitive
Case gives a sense of belonging to. For example: "the cat of man".

It adds "in/on"; that is, when the noun (or adjective) is declined in
Locative this Case gives a sense of location. For example: "virtues live in
man".

It adds "oh!/eh!/hey!"; that is, when the noun (or adjective) is

Vocative declined in this Case gives a sense of invocation or calling. For
example: "Oh man, wake up!", and also "hey man, come closer!"
The simple chart of terminations for masculine nouns ending in "a"
is as follows:

Terminations for nouns ending in "a" vowel

Cases Singular Dual Plural
Nominative aḥ au āḥ

Accusative am au ān

Instrumental ena ābhyām aiḥ

Dative āya ābhyām ebhyaḥ

Ablative āt ābhyām ebhyaḥ

Genitive asya ayoḥ ānām

Locative e ayoḥ eṣu

Vocative a au āḥ

Let us see an actual example now, by using the word "Śiva"

("Auspicious"; an epithet of the Supreme Being)

Declining a word ending in "a" vowel

Cases Singular Dual Plural
Nominative śivaḥ śivau śivāḥ

Accusative śivam śivau śivān

Instrumental śivena śivābhyām śivaiḥ

Dative śivāya śivābhyām śivebhyaḥ

Ablative śivāt śivābhyām śivebhyaḥ

Genitive śivasya śivayoḥ śivānām

Locative śive śivayoḥ śiveṣu

Vocative śiva śivau śivāḥ

And now, just in case you have gotten lost among so many words, I
am placing one more chart with the possible translations of all these
declensions for the noun "Śiva".
 Translation
Cases Singular Dual Plural

the Auspicious (3 or
Nominative the Auspicious One the two Auspicious
more)

to the Auspicious to the Auspicious (3 or

Accusative to the two Auspicious
One more)

by/through/by means by/through/by means by/through/by means

Instrumenta
of/with the of/with the two of/with the Auspicious
l
Auspicious One Auspicious (3 or more)

to/for the Auspicious to/for the two to/for the Auspicious (3

Dative
One Auspicious or more)

from/because of/due from/because of/due to

from/because of/due
Ablative to the Auspicious the Auspicious (3 or
to the two Auspicious
One more)

of the Auspicious of the Auspicious (3 or

Genitive of the two Auspicious
One more)

in/on the Auspicious in/on the two in/on the Auspicious (3

Locative
One Auspicious or more)

Oh Auspicious Oh two Oh Auspicious (3 or

Vocative One!/eh, Auspicious Auspicious!/eh, two more)!/eh, Auspicious
One! Auspicious! (3 or more)!