“Test to show whether protein is present in

A test in a laboratory the white of an egg”

Procedures: both for exams taken in
laboratory and for non-experimental “Describe a food test which might show
sections in the exam, such as.. A non experimental test whether there is more protein in the white of
an egg”

SCIENTIFIC “Complete these sentences about the

Instead of complete reports,
GENRES Reports properties of these following groups of
information is usually sough in
highly scaffolded texts, such as elements: acid- basic-hard...”

for describing a
Sequential Are more prominent in these examinations.
process

Tasks Explanations Consequential It gives reasons for a fact.

“Name two other harmful components of
cigarette smoke apart from the carbon dioxide”.

requiring Causal It could be for example a response to the question:

“Why do farmers need to use fertilizers?

for For example: “Give three

Definitions processes by which a river
specific To respond to questions
on geography. The exams
They are often required.
is likely to transport
eroded materials”
e.g. “Compare the relief of the
genres GEOGRAPHY
GENRES
look for knowledge of
technical terms.
Descriptive reports
three regions in Perú”

Explanations Often as a part of a series or sub-

Often appearing in sub-
questions on a topic,
sequenced in such a way
that the developmental
HISTORY GENRES
stages recognized by
researches are followed.
questions on a topic
What were the main features
of Russian Society before the
It often forms part of the answer
first World War?
to questions on IGSE history
Period studies papers.
What successes did the
This can prompt a short
revolutionaries in Italy have in
Recall of chronologically historical recount. Often
1848?
asked in questions as
For recall facts and
Explanation Genres provide reasons to the Why was Italy not unified
in 1848/49?
situation described, such
Including tasks in whichas…
students have to consider sources, not only for their bias
Exposition and but also for their role as an argument. For example, to classify some sources as a
discussion journalist or lawyer. They include all the different cognitive demands: recall of
facts, explanation and analysis.