IIB-22

EXAMPLE II.B-4 FOUR-BOLT UNSTIFFENED EXTENDED END-PLATE FR MOMENT

CONNECTION (BEAM-TO-COLUMN FLANGE)

Given:

Design a four-bolt unstiffened extended end-plate FR moment connection between an ASTM A992 W18u50
beam and an ASTM A992 W14u99 column flange to transfer the following vertical shear forces and strong-axis
moments:

VD = 7 kips MD = 42 kip-ft
VL = 21 kips ML = 126 kip-ft

Use ASTM A325-N snug-tight bolts in standard holes and 70-ksi electrodes. The plate is ASTM A36 material.

a. Use the design procedure from AISC Steel Design Guide 4 Extended End-Plate Moment Connections
Seismic and Wind Applications (Murray and Sumner, 2003).
b. Use design procedure 2 (thin end-plate and larger diameter bolts) from AISC Design Guide 16, Flush
and Extended Multiple-Row Moment End-Plate Connections (Murray and Shoemaker, 2002).

From AISC Manual Tables 2-4 and 2-5, the material properties are as follows:

Beam
W18u50
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi

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Column
W14u99
ASTM A992
Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi

Plate
ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi

From AISC Manual Table 1-1, the geometric properties are as follows:

Beam
W18u50
d = 18.0 in.
bf = 7.50 in.
tf = 0.570 in.
tw = 0.355 in.
Sx = 88.9 in.3

Column
W14u99
d = 14.2 in.
bf = 14.6 in.
tf = 0.780 in.
tw = 0.485 in.
kdes = 1.38 in.

Solution a:

From Chapter 2 of ASCE/SEI 7, the required strength is:

LRFD ASD
Ru = 1.2(7.0 kips) + 1.6(21 kips) Ra = 7.0 kips + 21 kips
= 42.0 kips = 28.0 kips

Mu = 1.2(42 kip-ft) + 1.6(126 kip-ft) Ma = 42 kip-ft + 126 kip-ft

= 252 kip-ft = 168 kip-ft

Extended end-plate geometric properties are as follows:

bp = 72 in.
g = 4 in.
pfi = 12 in.
pfo = 12 in.

Additional dimensions are as follows:

tf
h0 d  p fo 
2
0.570 in.
= 18.0 in.  12 in. 
2
= 19.2 in.

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tf
h1 d  p fi  t f 
2
0.570 in.
= 18.0 in.  12 in.  0.570 in. 
2
= 15.6 in.

Required Bolt Diameter Assuming No Prying Action

From AISC Specification Table J3.2, Fnt = 90 ksi, for ASTM A325-N bolts.

From Design Guide 4 Equation 3.5, determine the required bolt diameter:

LRFD ASD
I = 0.75 : = 2.00
2M u 2M a :
db Req'd db Req'd
SIFnt  h0  h1  SFnt  h0  h1 

2  252 kip-ft 12 in./ft  2 168 kip-ft 12 in./ft  2.00 

S  0.75  90 ksi 19.2 in.  15.6 in. S  90 ksi 19.2 in.  15.6 in.
0.905 in. 0.905 in.

Use 1-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N snug-tightened Use 1-in.-diameter ASTM A325-N snug-tightened
bolts. bolts.

Required End-Plate Thickness

The end-plate yield line mechanism parameter is:

bp g
s
2
72 in.  4.00 in.
=
2
= 2.74 in.

p fi 1.50 in. d s 2.74 in., therefore, use p fi 1.50 in.

From Design Guide 4 Table 3.1:

bp ª § 1 1· § 1 · º 2
Yp « h1 ¨¨  ¸¸  h0 ¨¨ ¸¸  2 »  ª¬ h1  p fi  s  º¼
2 «¬ © p fi s ¹ © p fo ¹ »¼ g
72 in. ª § 1 1 · § 1 · º 2
= «15.6 in. ¨  ¸  19.2 in. ¨ 12 in. ¸  2 »  4.00 in. ª¬15.6 in. 12 in.  2.74 in. º¼
2 ¬ © 12 in. 2.74 in. ¹ © ¹ ¼
= 140 in.

§ Sd 2 ·
Pt Fnt ¨ b ¸¸ (Design Guide 4 Eq. 3.9)
¨ 4
© ¹

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§ S 1.00 in.2 ·
= 90 ksi ¨ ¸
¨ 4 ¸
© ¹
= 70.7 kips

M np 2 Pt  h0  h1  (Design Guide 4 Eq. 3.7)

= 2  70.7 kips 19.2 in.  15.6 in.
= 4,920 kip-in.

The no prying bolt available flexural strength is:

LRFD ASD
I = 0.75 : = 2.00
IM np 0.75  4,920 kip-in. M np 4,920 kip-in.
3, 690 kip-in. : 2.00 .
2, 460 kip-in.

Ib = 0.90 :b = 1.67
1.11IM np 1.11 § M np ·
t p Req'd (Design Guide 4 Eq. 3.10) t p Req'd ¨ ¸
Ib FypYp § Fyp · © : ¹
¨: ¸ Y p
1.11 3, 690 kip-in. © b ¹
= (from Design Guide 4 Eq. 3.10)
0.90  36 ksi 140 in.
1.11
= 0.950 in. =  2, 460 kip-in.
§ 36 ksi ·
¨ 1.67 ¸  140 in. 
Use a 1-in.-thick end-plate. © ¹
= 0.951 in.

Use a 1-in.-thick end-plate.

With a 1-in.-thick end-plate, the design strength is:
With a 1-in.-thick end-plate, the allowable strength is:
Ib = 0.90
:b = 1.67
Ib Fyp t p 2Yp
Ib M pl M pl Fyp t p 2Y p
1.11
:b 1.11:b
0.90  36 ksi 1.00 in. 140 in.
2

36 ksi 1.00 in. 140 in.

= 2
1.11 =
= 4,090 kip-in. 1.111.67 
= 2,720 kip-in.

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Beam Flange Force

The required force applied to the end plate through the beam flange is:

LRFD ASD
Mu Ma
F fu F fa
d tf d tf
252 kip-ft 12 in./ft  168 kip-ft 12 in./ft 
= =
18.0 in.  0.570 in. 18.0 in.  0.570 in.
= 173 kips = 116 kips

Shear Yielding of the Extended End-Plate

The available strength due to shear yielding on the extended portion of the end-plate is determined as follows.

LRFD ASD
I = 0.90 : = 1.67
F fu Rn 0.6 Fyp b p t p F fa
IRn = I0.6Fypbptp > (Design Guide 4 Eq. 3.12) !
2 : : 2
173 kips (from Design Guide 4 Eq. 3.12)
0.6  36 ksi  72 in.1.00 in. 116 kips
= 0.90(0.6)(36 ksi)(72 in.)(1.00 in.) >
2
= !
= 146 kips > 86.5 kips o.k. 1.67 2
= 97.0 kips > 58.0 kips o.k.

Shear Rupture of the Extended End-Plate

The available strength due to shear rupture on the extended portion of the end-plate is determined as follows.

An = [72 in. – 2(1z in. + z in.)](1.00 in.)

= 5.25 in.2

LRFD ASD
I = 0.75 : = 2.00
F fu Rn 0.6 Fup An F fa
IRn = I0.6FupAn > (from Design Guide 4 Eq. 3.13) ! (from Design Guide 4 Eq. 3.13)
2 : : 2
= 0.75(0.6)(58 ksi)(5.25 in.2) >
173 kips
=

0.6  58 ksi  5.25 in.2  ! 116 kips
2
2.00 2
= 137 kips > 86.5 kips o.k.
= 91.4 kips > 58.0 kips o.k.

Note: For the vertical shear forces, the shear yielding strength, shear rupture strength, and flexural yielding
strength of the end-plate are all adequate by inspection.

Bolt Shear and Bearing

Try the minimum of four bolts at the tension flange and two bolts at the compression flange.

Note: Based on common practice, the compression bolts are assumed to resist all of the shear force.

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LRFD ASD
Bolt shear strength using AISC Manual Table 7-1: Bolt shear strength using AISC Manual Table 7-1:

IRn nIrn 2 bolts  31.8 kips/bolt  Rn / : nrn / : 2 bolts  21.2 kips/bolt 

63.6 kips ! 42.0 kips o.k. 42.4 kips ! 28.0 kips o.k.

Bolt bearing on the end-plate (Le • Le full) using AISC Bolt bearing on the end-plate (Le • Le full) using AISC
Manual Table 7-5: Manual Table 7-5:

IRn nIrn (104 kip/in./bolt)(1.00 in.) Rn / : nrn / : (69.6 kips/in./bolt)(1.00 in.)

104 kips/bolt > 31.8 kips/bolt 69.6 kips/bolt > 21.2 kips/bolt

Bolt bearing on column flange (Le • Le full) using AISC Bolt bearing on column flange (Le • Le full) using AISC
Manual Table 7-5: Manual Table 7-5:

IRn nIrn (117 kip/in./bolt)(0.780 in.) Rn / : nrn / : (78.0 kips/in./bolt)(0.780 in.)

91.3 kips/bolt > 31.8 kips/bolt 60.8 kips/bolt > 21.2 kips/bolt
Bolt shear governs. Bolt shear governs.

Determine the required size of the beam web to end-plate fillet weld in the tension-bolt region to develop the yield
strength of the beam web. The minimum weld size required to match the shear rupture strength of the weld to the
tension yield strength of the beam web, per unit length, is:

LRFD ASD
IFy tw (1in.) Fy tw (1.0in.)
Dmin  Dmin 
2(1.5)(1.392)(1in.) :(2)(1.5)(0.928)(1.0in.)
0.90(50 ksi)(0.355 in.)(1in.) 50 ksi
(0.355in.)(1.0 in.)
 
2(1.5)(1.392)(1in.) 1.67(2)(1.5)(0.928)(1.0 in.)
= 3.83 = 3.82
Use 4-in. fillet welds on both sides Use 4-in. fillet welds on both sides

Use 4-in. fillet welds on both sides of the beam web from the inside face of the beam tension flange to the
centerline of the inside bolt holes plus two bolt diameters. Note that the 1.5 factor is from AISC Specification
Section J2.4 and accounts for the increased strength of a transversely loaded fillet weld.

Weld Size Required for the End Reaction

The end reaction, Ru or Ra, is resisted by the lesser of the beam web-to-end-plate weld 1) between the mid-depth
of the beam and the inside face of the compression flange, or 2) between the inner row of tension bolts plus two
bolt diameters and the inside face of the beam compression flange. By inspection, the former governs for this
example.

d
l tf
2
18.0 in.
=  0.570 in.
2
= 8.43 in.

From AISC Manual Equations 8-2:

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LRFD ASD
Ru Ra
Dmin Dmin
2 1.392  l 2  0.928  l
42.0 kips 28.0 kips
2 1.392  8.43 in. 2  0.928  8.43 in.
1.79 1.79

The minimum fillet weld size from AISC Specification The minimum fillet weld size from AISC Specification
Table J2.4 is x in. Table J2.4 is x in.

Use a x-in. fillet weld on both sides of the beam web Use a x-in. fillet weld on both sides of the beam web
below the tension-bolt region. below the tension-bolt region.

Connecting Elements Rupture Strength at Welds

6.19 D
tmin (Manual Eq. 9-3)
Fu
6.19 1.79 sixteenths 
=
65 ksi
= 0.170 in. < 0.355 in. beam web o.k.

3.09 D
tmin (Manual Eq. 9-2)
Fu
3.09 1.79 sixteenths 
=
58 ksi
= 0.0954 in. < 1.00 in. end-plate o.k.

Required Fillet Weld Size for the Beam Flange to End-Plate Connection

l 2  b f   tw
= 2  7.50 in.  0.355 in.
= 14.6 in.

From AISC Manual Part 8:

LRFD ASD
Ffu = 173 kips Ffa = 116 kips

F fu F fa
Dmin Dmin
1.5 1.392  l 1.5  0.928  l
173 kips 116 kips
1.5 1.392 14.6 in. 1.5  0.92814.6 in.
5.67 o 6 sixteenths 5.71 o 6 sixteenths

Note that the 1.5 factor is from AISC Specification J2.4 and accounts for the increased strength of a transversely
loaded fillet weld.

Use a-in. fillet welds at the beam tension flange. Welds at the compression flange may be 4-in. fillet welds
(minimum size per AISC Specification Table J2.4).

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Connecting Elements Rupture Strength at Welds

Shear rupture strength of base metal

3.09 D
tmin (Manual Eq. 9-2)
Fu
3.09  5.71 sixteenths 
=
58 ksi
= 0.304 in. < 1.00 in. end-plate o.k.

Solution b:

Only those portions of the design that vary from the Solution “a” calculations are presented here.

Required End-Plate Thickness

LRFD ASD
Ib = 0.90 :b = 1.67
Jr Mu J r M a :b
t p , req (Design Guide 16 Eq. 2-9) t p ,req (from Design Guide 16 Eq. 2-9)
Ib Fpy Y Fpy Y
1.0  252 kip-ft 12 in./ft  1.0 168 kip-ft 12 in./ft 1.67 
= =
0.90  36 ksi 140 in.  36 ksi 140 in.
= 0.816 in. Use tp = d in. = 0.817 in. Use tp = d in.

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Trial Bolt Diameter and Maximum Prying Forces

Try 1-in.-diameter bolts.

bp
w'   db  z in. (Design Guide 16 Eq. 2-12)
2
7.50 in.
=  1.00 in. + z in.
2
= 2.69 in.

3
§ tp ·
ai 3.62 ¨ ¸  0.085 (Design Guide 16 Eq. 2-13)
© db ¹
3
§ d in. ·
= 3.62 ¨ ¸  0.085
© 1.00 in. ¹
= 2.34 in.

ª § bp · º Sd 3 F
t p 2 Fpy «0.85 ¨ ¸  0.80w '»  b nt
¬ © 2 ¹ ¼ 8
Fi ' (Design Guide 16 Eq. 2-14)
4 p f ,i
º S 1.00 in.  90 ksi 
3
ª
 d in.  36 ksi  «0.85 §¨
7.50 in. ·
¸  0.80  2.69 in. » 
2

¬ © 2 ¹ ¼ 8
=
4 12 in.
= 30.4 kips

2
w 't p2 § F' ·
Qmax,i Fpy 2  3 ¨¨ i ¸¸ (Design Guide 16 Eq. 2-11)
4ai © w 't p ¹

2.69in.  d in.
2
§ 30.4 kips ·
2
=  36 ksi  2
 3¨
¨ 2.69 in.  d in. ¸¸
4  2.38 in. © ¹
= 6.10 kips

ao min ª¬ ai , pext  p f ,o º¼ (Design Guide 16 Eq. 2-16)

= min > 2.34 in., (3.00 in.  12 in.)@
= 1.50 in.

From AISC Design Guide 16 Equation 2-17:

§ p f ,i ·
Fo ' Fi ' ¨¨ ¸¸
© p f ,o ¹
§ 12 in. ·
= 30.4 kips ¨ ¸
© 12 in. ¹
= 30.4 kips

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2
w 't p2 § F ' ·
Qmax,o Fpy 2  3 ¨¨ o ¸¸ (Design Guide 16 Eq. 2-15)
4ao © w 't p ¹

2.69 in.  d in.

2
§ 30.4 kips ·
2
=  36 ksi  2
 3¨
¨ 2.69 in.  d in. ¸¸
4 1.50 in. © ¹
= 9.68 kips

Bolt Rupture with Prying Action

Sdb 2 Fnt
Pt
4
S 1.00 in.  90 ksi 
2
=
4
= 70.7 kips

From AISC Specification Table J3.1, the unmodified bolt pretension, Tb0, = 51 kips.

Modify bolt pretension for the snug-tight condition.

Tb 0.25 Tb 0  from AISC Design Guide 16 Table 4-1.

= 0.25  51 kips 
= 12.8 kips

From AISC Design Guide Equation 2-19:

LRFD ASD
I = 0.75 : = 2.00
­1 ½
­I ª 2  Pt  Qmax,o  d 0  2  Pt  Qmax,i  d1 º ½ ° : ª¬ 2  Pt  Qmax,o  d0  2  Pt  Qmax,i  d1 º¼ °
° ¬ ¼° ° °
°I ª 2  Pt  Qmax,o  d 0  2 Tb  d1 º ° 1 ª2 P  Q °
° ¬ ¼
°
° Mq °: ¬  t max,o  d 0  2  Tb  d1 º
¼ °
IM q max ® ¾ max ® ¾
°I ª¬ 2  Pt  Qmax,i  d1  2 Tb  d 0 º¼ ° : ° 1 ª 2  Pt  Qmax,i  d1  2 Tb  d 0 º °
° ° °: ¬ ¼ °
°¯I ª¬ 2 Tb  d0  d1  º¼ °¿ °1 °
° ª 2 Tb  d 0  d1  º °
¯: ¬ ¼ ¿
­ 1 ª 2  70.7 kips  9.68 kips 19.2 in. º ½
­ ª 2  70.7 kips  9.68 kips 19.2 in. º ½ °
°0.75 « »° « »°
° 2.00 ¬« +2  70.7 kips  6.10 kips 15.6 in. ¼» °
° ¬« +2  70.7 kips  6.10 kips 15.6 in. ¼» ° ° °
° °
° ª 2  70.7 kips  9.68 kips 19.2 in. º ° ° 1 ª 2  70.7 kips  9.68 kips 19.2 in. º °
°°0.75 « » °° ° « » °
° 2.00 «¬ +2 12.8 kips 15.6 in. »¼ °
ma x ® ¬« +2 12.8 kips 15.6 in. ¼» ¾ max ® ¾
° ° ° ª 2  70.7 kips  6.10 kips 15.6 in. º °
ª 2  70.7 kips  6.10 kips 15.6 in. º ° ° 1
° « » °
°0.75 « » ° ° 2.00 « +2 12.8 kips 19.2 in. »¼ °
° «¬ +2 12.8 kips 19.2 in. »¼ ° ° ¬ °
° ° ° 1 °
¯°0.75 ¬ 2 12.8 kips 19.2 in. + 15.6 in. ¼ ¿° °¯ 2.00 ª¬ 2 12.8 kips 19.2 in. + 15.6 in. º¼ ¿°
ª º

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LRFD ASD
­3, 270 kip-in. ½ ­2,180 kip-in.½
°2, 060 kip-in.° °1,370 kip-in. °
° ° ° °
max ® ¾ 3, 270 kip-in. max ® ¾ 2,180 kip-in.
° 1,880 kip-in. ° ° 1, 250 kip-in. °
°¯668 kip-in. °¿ °¯445 kip-in. °¿

Mq
2,180 kip-in.
IM q 3,270 kip-in. :
= 273 kip-ft > 252 kip-ft o.k. = 182 kip-ft > 168 kip-ft o.k.

For Example II.B-4, the design procedure from Design Guide 4 produced a design with a 1-in.-thick end-plate and
1-in. diameter bolts. Design procedure 2 from Design Guide 16 produced a design with a d-in.-thick end-plate
and 1-in.-diameter bolts. Either design is acceptable. The first design procedure did not produce a smaller bolt
diameter for this example, although in general it should result in a thicker plate and smaller diameter bolt than the
second design procedure. Note that the bolt stress is lower in the first design procedure than in the second design
procedure.

Design Examples V14.0

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