Nama : Muhamad Faisal

Noreg : 5315163365

TASK 4

Task instructions!

1. Read the topic “on IMRD…“ on the other source carefully!

2. Use the topic above and other previous materials to fill the table below based on
your understanding!
3. This is an individual task.
4. Copying to the other students’ work with 50-100% similarities is NOT
PERMITTED and can reduce your total score.
5. Try your do best!

QUESTION YOUR ANSWER

1. What does the quality of an
introduction of journal article?
2. What should be stated on an (i)
introduction of journal article?
3. What should be addressed on the The Materials and Methods section
methods of journal article?
An introduction is mindful. The author
makes a real effort to assess. Bridge the
knowledge gap. An introduction has a
plot that answers all the “why”. Questions
of the reader one by one. Verbs are
conjugated using various tenses:
present, past, future. An introduction is
authoritative. References are accurate
and numerous, comparisons are factual
(not judgmental), it has to be complete.
All “why’s” have their “because”. The
key references are mentioned.
the question tested by the
experiments described in the
paper,
(ii) interesting reason or important
question,
(iii) the approach used in sufficient
detail that a reader who is not
familiar with the technique will
understand what was done and
why
(iv) conclusion of the paper.
should succinctly describe what was
actually done. It should include
 description of the techniques used so
someone could figure out what
experiments were actually done. The
details of a published protocol do not
need to be reproduced in the text but
an appropriate reference should be
cited – e.g., simply indicate “were
done as described by Hughes et al.
(4)”. Any changes from the published
protocol should be described. It is not
appropriate to indicate volumes of
solutions added – instead indicate the
relevant information about the
experiment such as final
concentrations used, etc.
4. How to write a good results section Begin each paragraph with an
of journal article? opening sentence that tells the reader
what question is being tested in the
experiments described in that
paragraph. Write the opening
sentence in bold font for emphasis.
(Sometimes a complete sentence is
used and sometimes a short phrase
is used– either style is OK but the
style should be used consistently
throughout the manuscript.) Any
results that include multiple data
points that are critical for the reader to
evaluate the experiment should be
shown in tables or figures. However,
the results should be summarized in
accompanying text. When referring to
a particular table or figure, they
should be capitalized (e.g., Table 1,
Figure 6, etc.) The text of the Results
section should be succinct but should
provide the reader with a summary of
the results of each table or figure. Not
all results deserve a separate table or
figure. As a rule of thumb, if there are
only a few numerical results or a
simple conclusion describe the results
in the text instead of in a table or
figure. Your paper should focus on
what worked, not things that did not
work (unless they didn’t work for

5. Make one example of result and First, the present study only
discussion of journal article!
reasons that are interesting and
provide biological insights).
examined the individual perception of
community identification and social
loafing. These variables can also be
estimated from a community
perspective. So future research can
apply a cross-level analysis to
investigate the mutual influences from
both individual and community level.
Second, despite our best effort to
incorporate the relevant factors into
the model, we cannot exclude the
possibility of having other
leveling variables that may influence
the results. For example, our model
did not consider the effect of
organizational support from
communities, which plays a key role
in group behaviors (Ye, Feng, & Choi,
2015). Earlier studies suggest that
individuals who receive support from
the online communities they belong to
or from other members in the
communities will voluntarily engage in
contributing to their communities (Yu
& Chu 2007). Therefore, we believe
that the impact of community support
on social loafing can be considerable.
Third, this study is not comprehensive
as some potential moderating
variables were not included in the
research model. Public self-
consciousness, commitment or
participant involvement could be
possible moderators to be included
to enrich future research. At last, the
generalizability of our results is
limited. As we only collected data
from respondents from China, the
sample may not be representative
enough to serve our research goals.
Potential variables influencing the
scope of the research, such as
personal demographic factors,
 cultural and social differences, should
be tested further on large random
samples across countries for the
robustness of the results.

~ Enjoy your work and have a nice day ~