Fundamental unit of Life

Lecture - 1
Vindhya Rao
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KSET Qualified
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 Fundamental unit of life - Cell

❖ The cell is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known organisms.
 Discovery of Cell

❖ English Scientist
❖ Studied cork - dead cells of oak bark
❖ Noticed repeated geometric box - shaped
structures called cells

Robert Hooke
Activity to observe Cells
 Activity

10X 40X

400X
Compound Microscope
 Discovery

❖ Discovered "protozoa" - the single-celled organisms and

he called them "animalcules". living cells in pond water
❖ He is commonly known as "The Father of Microbiology".

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

 Discovery

❖ Hans and Zacharias Janssen invented the first so-called compound microscope in the
late 16th century.

Discovered
compound
microscope

Zacharias Janssen Hans Lippershey

 Discovery

❖ Max knoll and Ernst ruska invented Electron microscope in 1931

Discovered
compound
microscope
 Discovery

❖ Robert Brown in 1831 discovered the nucleus in the cell.

Brown was studying orchids under microscope when he
observed an opaque area, which he called the areola or
nucleus, in the cells of the flower's outer layer.( However
Franz Bauer described the Nucleus in 1802)

Robert Brown
 Discovery

❖ Dujardin (1835) - discovered the protoplasm and named as

“sarcode”.
❖ J.E. Purkinje (1839) - Von Mohl – first introduced the term
'Protoplasm'.
 Discovery

❖ All the plants and animals are composed of cells and that the
cell is the basic unit of life, Schleiden and Schwann
(1838,39)
 Discovery

❖ Rudolf Virchow (1855) all cells arise from pre-existing cells.

❖ "The father of modern pathology",
❖ “The Founder of Modern Medicine".
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