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Ship Resistance Calculation With Guldhammer-Harvald Method and Engine Power Calculation
Ship Resistance Calculation With Guldhammer-Harvald Method and Engine Power Calculation
[10] Specific mass of sea water ρ air laut 1.025 ton/m^3 Soemartojo,handout TBK,page 19
Specific mass of air 1.293
Water transfer volume as consequence by hull ∆ 7114.91 ton [9]10 Soemartojo,handout TBK,page 19
[11] ship who underwater surface multiflied by
specific mass of sea water.
[12] Wetted surface area S 2262.68 m^2 1.025[1]([6][3]+1.7[5]) (HARVALD 5.5.31, TAHANAN
DAN PROPULSI KAPAL, page
o
[13] kinematic viscosity coefficient at 30 v 0.000000942 (HARVALD 5.5.31, TAHANAN
DAN PROPULSI KAPAL, page
[18] Residual resistance coefficient Cr 0.0010763 (HARVALD 5.5.31, TAHANAN Standart form, so nothing correction
Correction of residual resistance (Cr) DAN PROPULSI KAPAL, page
[19] Hull form
[20] B/T Ratio 3.00 [3]/[5]
[21] LCB Deviation 0.00000 tidak mengalami perpindahan looking appendix
A part of the ship
[22] a. Propeller boss. 0.00000 (1+5%) ´[21] for the sumerload ship Cr a rise up 3-5%, chose
5%
[23] b.Bracket and shaft propeller. 0.00000 (1+6%) ´[22] For the slim ship Cr a rise up 5-8%, chose 6 %
Data Kapal
Tipe Kapal Container
container
Dimensi Utama
Lpp : 103 m Cbwl 0.6
Lwl : 107.12 m
B : 18 m
H : 8 m
T : 6 m
Cb : 0.624
Vs : 16 Knot
2 PERHITUNGAN DISPLACEMENT ( ∆ )
ρ= 1.025 ton/m^3
1025 kg/m^3
∆ = Lwl x B x T x Cb x ρ
= 7114.9104 ton
7 TAHANAN TAMBAHAN
koefisien penambahan tahanan untuk korelasi model-kapal umumnya sebesar Ca=0.0004
namun pengalaman lebih lanjut menunjukkan bahwa cara demikian itu tidak selalu benar, maka
diusulkan koreksi untuk pengaruh kekasaran dan pengaruh sebagai berikut untuk kondisi pela-
yaran percobaan.
dari perhitungan awal diperoleh displacement kapal sebesar = 7114.9104
Displacement pada buku TAHANAN DAN PROPULSI KAPAL hal. 132 yaitu :
displacement Ca
10000 0.0006
7114.9104 0.000606411
100000 0.0004
untuk dapat menentukan besarnya Ca, maka perlu adanya interpolasi sabagai berikut :
Ca = 0.000606411 Interpolasi = (1b + (2a-1a)x(3b-1b))/(3a-1a)
8 TAHANAN UDARA
Karena data mengenai angin dalam perancangan kapal tidak diketahui maka disarankan untuk
mengoreksi koefisien tahanan udara (HARVALD 5.5.26 hal 132)
Caa = 0.00007
9 TAHANAN KEMUDI
berdasarkan HARVALD 5.5.27 hal. 132 koreksi untuk tahanan kemudi mungkin sekitar :
Cas = 0.00004
sedangkan pada kapal yang kamar mesinnya pada daerah midship kapal mengalami losses sebesar
3%. Pada perencanaan ini kamar mesin di bagian belakang sehingga mengalami losses atau efisiensi
transmisi porosnya (ηsηb) sebesar 0.98
SHP = DHP/ηsηb
= 4432.912075 HP
Va = (1-w).Vs
Va= 11.808 knot ( Resistance,Propulsion and Steering of Ships, Van Lammeren, hal 146 )
6.074035 m/s
C. BP - δ Diagram
a. Memprediksi jenis-jenis propeller yang mungkin digunakan, seperti : B4, B5, B6
b. Menghitung BP1
0,5 2,5
BP1 = Nprop x DHP / Va Do = δo*(Va/N)
= 21.27152979 δb = (DbN)/Va
0,1739√BP1= 0.802 1/Jb= 0.009875 x δb
δo = (1/JO) / 0.009875 Db Single Screw = 0.96*Do
c. Setelah itu membaca diagram Bp dan diabapatkan P/Do dan 1/Jo
Perhitungan Seluruh Tipe Propeller
Tipe P/Do 1/Jo δo (ft) Do (ft) Db (ft) Dmax (ft) Db < Dmax
B3-35 0.5720 1.500 151.90 12.0663773 11.584 13.739 ACCEPT
B3-50 0.5670 1.120 113.42 9.00956172 8.649 13.739 ACCEPT
B3-65 0.5875 1.320 133.67 10.618412 10.194 13.739 ACCEPT
B3-80 0.6501 1.220 123.54 9.81398688 9.421 13.739 ACCEPT
B4-40 0.5750 1.222 123.75 9.83007538 9.437 13.739 ACCEPT
B4-55 0.5790 1.432 145.01 11.5193682 11.059 13.739 ACCEPT
B4-70 0.6224 1.011 102.38 8.13273831 7.807 13.739 ACCEPT
B4-85 0.6499 1.532 155.14 12.3237934 11.831 13.739 ACCEPT
B4-100 0.7144 1.322 133.87 10.6345005 10.209 13.739 ACCEPT
B5-45 0.6557 1.423 144.10 11.4469699 10.989 13.739 ACCEPT
B5-60 0.6071 1.213 122.84 9.75767712 9.367 13.739 ACCEPT
B5-75 0.6213 1.420 143.80 11.4228372 10.966 13.739 ACCEPT
B5-90 0.6632 1.321 133.77 10.6264563 10.201 13.739 ACCEPT
B5-105 0.7052 1.324 134.08 10.650589 10.225 13.739 ACCEPT
B6-50 0.6418 1.423 144.10 11.4469699 10.989 13.739 ACCEPT
B6-65 0.6284 1.333 134.99 10.7229873 10.294 13.739 ACCEPT
B6-80 0.6462 1.301 131.75 10.4655713 10.047 13.739 ACCEPT
B6-95 0.6537 1.342 135.90 10.7953856 10.364 13.739 ACCEPT
d. Dengan diketahuinya Db, maka dilakukan pembacaan diagram Bp yang akan diperoleh nilai Efisiensi
Propeller (η)
Perhitungan Kavitasi
Perhitungan kavitasi perlu dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memastikan suatu propeller bebas dari
kavitasi yang menyebabkan kerusakan fatal terhadap propeller. Perhitungan kavitasi ini dihitung
dengan menggunakan Diagram Burril’s.
2.Menghitung Kavitasi
Beberapa Rumus yang Digunakan untuk Menghitung Kavitasi
Disk Area / Area of tip circle Projected Area of blade
AO = 2 AP =
∏ ( D/2 ) AD x ( 1.067 – 0.229 x P/D)
Ae = AO x (Ae/AO) Vr2 = Va2 + ( 0.7 p n D 0.3048)2
T= Rt / (1-t) 188,2 +19,62h
Thrust coefficient 0.7R= 2
tC = 2
T / ( AP 0.5 ρ Vr ) Va + (4,836xn2 xD2 )
2 Ae/Ad 2
Tipe Ae/Ao Ao (ft ) Ap (ft ) Ap (m²) Va (m/s) n (rps)
(ft2)
B3-35 0.35 105.429 36.900 33.736 3.134 6.074 2.48
B3-50 0.50 58.778 29.389 27.268 2.533 6.074 2.48
B3-65 0.65 81.644 53.069 48.728 4.527 6.074 2.48
B3-80 0.80 69.743 55.794 50.742 4.714 6.074 2.48
B4-40 0.40 69.971 27.989 25.699 2.388 6.074 2.48
B4-55 0.55 96.087 52.848 48.537 4.509 6.074 2.48
B4-70 0.70 47.894 33.526 30.495 2.833 6.074 2.48
B4-85 0.85 109.975 93.479 84.424 7.843 6.074 2.48
B4-100 1.00 81.892 81.892 73.310 6.811 6.074 2.48
B5-45 0.45 94.883 42.697 38.378 3.565 6.074 2.48
B5-60 0.60 68.945 41.367 37.784 3.510 6.074 2.48
B5-75 0.75 94.483 70.862 64.847 6.024 6.074 2.48
B5-90 0.90 81.768 73.591 65.446 6.080 6.074 2.48
B5-105 1.05 82.140 86.247 76.831 7.138 6.074 2.48
B6-50 0.50 94.883 47.441 42.827 3.979 6.074 2.48
B6-65 0.65 83.260 54.119 49.134 4.565 6.074 2.48
B6-80 0.80 79.311 63.449 57.642 5.355 6.074 2.48
B6-95 0.95 84.389 80.169 74.529 6.924 6.074 2.48
Penentuan nilai kavitasi dengan cara pembacaan grafik kavitasi (Diagram Burills) yang
membandingkan antara Tc dan σ 0.7R
clearanc
Tipe η Sarat Kosong clearance pitch
e prop.
B3-35 0.424 4.188 3.954 Accept 1.4984369
B3-50 0.402 4.188 2.953 Accept 1.0603077
B3-65 0.384 4.188 3.480 Accept 1.1927897
B3-80 0.368 4.188 3.216 Accept 1.0579162
B4-40 0.405 4.188 3.222 Accept 1.1634871
B4-55 0.399 4.188 3.775 Accept 1.3432077
B4-70 0.388 4.188 2.665 Accept 0.9230873
B4-85 0.376 4.188 4.039 Accept 1.35515
B4-100 0.375 4.188 3.485 Accept 1.1675248
B5-45 0.393 4.188 3.751 Accept 1.3146689
B5-60 0.395 4.188 3.198 Accept 1.1289359
B5-75 0.391 4.188 3.744 Accept 1.3062152
B5-90 0.379 4.188 3.483 Accept 1.1797011
B5-105 0.368 4.188 3.490 Accept 1.1471643
B6-50 0.390 4.188 3.751 Accept 1.3052904
B6-65 0.380 4.188 3.514 Accept 1.1919863
B6-80 0.367 4.188 3.430 Accept 1.1235615
B6-95 0.378 4.188 3.538 Accept 1.1924531
Pemilihan Propeller
Tipe ηrr PC DHP ηSηB SHP ηG BHP (SCR)
B3-35 1.05 0.483816 3239.708 0.98 3305.8248 0.98 3373.29066
B3-50 1.05 0.458508 3304.503 0.98 3371.9413 0.98 3440.75647
B3-65 1.05 0.437646 3490.007 0.98 3561.2321 0.98 3633.91026
B3-80 1.05 0.419976 3623.788 0.98 3697.7424 0.98 3773.20656
B4-40 1.05 0.46113 3364.518 0.98 3433.1819 0.98 3503.24682
B4-55 1.05 0.45429 3366.371 0.98 3435.0724 0.98 3505.17592
B4-70 1.05 0.442206 3428.035 0.98 3497.9952 0.98 3569.38288
B4-85 1.05 0.428412 3493.331 0.98 3564.6237 0.98 3637.37112
B4-100 1.05 0.427728 3633.12 0.98 3707.2651 0.98 3782.92361
B5-45 1.05 0.44745 3426.754 0.98 3496.688 0.98 3568.04903
B5-60 1.05 0.450756 3404.49 0.98 3473.9696 0.98 3544.86698
B5-75 1.05 0.445512 3421.64 0.98 3491.4691 0.98 3562.72358
B5-90 1.05 0.432516 3490.672 0.98 3561.9099 0.98 3634.6019
B5-105 1.05 0.419634 3560.472 0.98 3633.1342 0.98 3707.27983
B6-50 1.05 0.444258 3482.717 0.98 3553.7931 0.98 3626.31948
B6-65 1.05 0.433086 3435.098 0.98 3505.2022 0.98 3576.73692
B6-80 1.05 0.418266 3469.54 0.98 3540.347 0.98 3612.59902
B6-95 1.05 0.43035 3526.921 0.98 3598.8989 0.98 3672.34585
Daya = 3263.086336 HP
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an diperoleh nilai Efisiensi
61)
1.67 4858.025038 39.3701
3926.616513
7016.772778
7306.820065
3700.654984
6989.292564
4391.215231
12157.0013
10556.64491
5526.474341
5440.871578
9337.904766
9424.244807
11063.71913
6167.122358
7075.353823
8300.491458
10732.15758
85642.35907 0.084472
85642.35907 0.174881
85642.35907 0.073579
85642.35907 0.081138
85642.35907 0.159749
85642.35907 0.06386
85642.35907 0.185524
85642.35907 0.032482
85642.35907 0.048776
85642.35907 0.081686
85642.35907 0.110059
85642.35907 0.048528
85642.35907 0.05471
85642.35907 0.046415
85642.35907 0.0732
85642.35907 0.071712
85642.35907 0.063816
85642.35907 0.046716
BHP (MCR)
3748.101
3823.063
4037.678
4192.452
3892.496
3894.64
3965.981
4041.523
4203.248
3964.499
3938.741
3958.582
4038.447
4119.2
4029.244
3974.152
4013.999
4080.384