Q5

Assumptions:

- LPG is pure component of propane

- Liquid in tank is perfectly mixed
- Heat is added at a rate Q to maintain the pressure with evaporating liquid at rate Wv(kg/hr)
- Gas is withdrawn from top at volumetric flowrate of Fv
- negligible mass loss from tank

For liquid phase

total continuity equation

ρ dV C
=ρ F0 −W V
dt

Energy equation

ρ dV LU L
=ρ0 F0 h0 +W V H L +Q
dt

Vapor pressure from Antoine equation

V B
ln P =A−
T +C

For vapor phase

total continuity equation

d ρV V V
=W V −ρV FV
dt

Energy equation

d ρV V V U
=W V H L −ρV F V H V
dt

State

M PV
ρV =
RT

For a stable system, equation and variable must be equal.

Hence, volume of tank, V =V V +V L

Q11

Lowest root = -0.4153

Q14

a) to derive dynamic models

Assume density of all streams are constant

Total mass balance in the tank

d ρV
= ρQ 1+ ρQ 2- ρQ 3
dt

dV
= Q 1+ Q 2- Q 3
dt

Solute balance

Inlet-outlet= accumulation

d C3 V
Q 1 C 1 +Q 2 C 2−Q 3 C3 =
dt

Assuming perfect mixing, concentration in tank is equal to concentration of outlet stream

Because volume is constant

dV
=0
dt

0= Q 1+ Q 2- Q 3

Q 1+ Q 2= Q 3

d C3 V
Q 1 C 1 +Q 2 C 2−Q 3 C3 =
dt

C 3=C

dC
Q 1 C 1 +Q 2 C 2−Q 3 C=V
dt

Integrating from time 0 to t

 t c (t )

∫ ⅆt=v ∫ Q C + QdcC −Q C
0 c ( 0) 1 1 2 2 3

Q 1 ,C 1 ,Q 2 ,C 2are constant

V (Q 1 C 1+Q 2 C2 −Q 3 C ( t ) )
=- ln ⁡
Q 3 (Q¿¿ 1 C1 +Q 2 C 2−Q 3 C ( 0 ) ) ¿

−Q3 t
V
(Q1 C1 +Q2 C2−Q3 C ( t ))
e =
(Q¿¿ 1C 1 +Q2 C 2−Q3 C ( 0 ) )¿

¿¿

Q3 C ( t ) =( Q1 C 1 +Q2 C 2 )−¿ ¿

Hence, rearrange to get concentration at time, t

−Q3 t
( Q 1 C 1 +Q 2 C 2 ) ( Q1 C 1+Q2 C2 ) V
C ( t )= − −Q 3 C ( 0 ) e
Q3 Q3

b) at steady state, to find C 3

dC 3
=0
dt

( Q1 C 1+Q 2 C 2)
C 3=
Q3

Substitute the values to find C 3,

25 ( 2 ) +10(1.5)
C 3=
3.5

= 18.57mg/m 3