107 年版環境白皮書 (行政院環境保護署編印 108 年 3 月發行)

序 言
環保無國界，當前全球面臨氣候變遷、跨國污染、資源銳減等危機，強化全
球夥伴關係，追求永續環境，維護國民健康，已成為各國共同追求的目標。環
保署以「藍天綠地、青山淨水、全民環保、健康永續」為願景，致力提升我國
環境品質；86 年起特整合相關部會的環保業務出版「環境白皮書」，除提報我
國環境保護現況及施政成果外，並作為我國環境保護規劃新猷之依據。
環境是全體國民的公共財，是支撐國家發展的基石，環保署秉持以民眾健康
為出發點，強調預防與預警，以「清淨空氣」「循環經濟」「改善水質」及「永
續大地」作為施政主軸，結合地方政府力量，推動環保工作。藉由新修正「空
氣污染防制法」
，使我國空氣污染防制工作邁向新里程；持續推動多元化垃圾處
理，強化事業廢棄物再利用及流向追蹤，達成零廢棄目標；此外，循序漸進推
動一次用塑膠產品管制，力求「減塑、限塑、無塑」
，進而保護海洋生態；精進
土壤污染整治技術與加強化學物質管理，守護家園土地與食品安全。
為因應全球溫暖化帶來氣候變遷的新挑戰，進行環境資源部組織改造，整合
各部會污染防治及自然保育工作，促進資源有效與合理利用，充實經濟發展的
基礎並提升政府效能，以期世代共享健康永續的生態環境與美麗家園。
值此 107 年版「環境白皮書」付梓之際，謹對參與編纂「環境白皮書」的
專家學者，以及各部會與本署負責撰稿的同仁，敬致由衷謝忱。
行政院環境保護署

署長 張子敬 謹識

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摘 要
我國環境白皮書係整合歷年編纂之「環境保護年鑑」及「中華民國台灣地區
環境資訊」自 86 年開始每年出 版，並自 88 年涵括「國家環境保護計畫」中
之改善目標、策略、措施及執 行績效檢討，期使得內容更能展示整體環境保護
之工作軌跡。環境白皮書內容除了公害防治外，並包括自然保育與全球環保趨
勢，整體架構共計 3 篇 9 章，包括環境政策與現況、環境保護策略與措施檢討、
以及配合計畫與展望，期以宏觀論述，作為我國環境保護鑑往迎來，規劃新猷
之依據，並建立環境保護整體資訊系統。

壹、環境政策與現況
一、我國環境保護政策 環境保護政策目標
二、我國環境現況
(一) 地理位置
(二) 實質環境：包括大氣、水文、水質、地形、地質、土壤及野生動植物。
(三) 文化、社會及經濟環境：包括人口、社經指標、文化歷史古蹟、景觀、土
地利用、居住環境、農林漁牧、礦業及能源。
(四) 衛生安全與健康：廢棄物、毒性化學物質及環境用藥管理、環境衛生、衛
生保健。

貳、環境保護策略與措施檢討
一、維護自然生態
(一) 加強水資源保育、海洋資源保育、 節約能源、森林資源保育、野生動物資
源保育等措施，以追求資源之永續利用。
(二) 加強自然保護區管理、國家公園管理、海岸保護、地質災害敏感地保護、
水源水質水量保護區保護等措施，達成環境敏感地區之保護。
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(三) 維護生物多樣性以保障我國境內之基因、物種、生態系以至於地景的多樣
性，以便全民永續共享生物資源。

二、推動公害防治
(一) 空氣品質維護
(二) 溫室氣體減量管理
(三) 地面水保護
(四) 土壤及地下水保護
(五) 廢棄物源頭減量、回收、利用與處理
(六) 噪音及振動管制及非游離輻射環境管理
(七) 毒性化學物質及環境用藥管理
(八) 環境衛生

三、執行機制
環境保護之有關策略之執行，可藉助於法規建制、環境影響評估、環境監測、
環境檢驗、環境資訊、環保人員訓練、公害糾紛預防與處理、環保設施、經濟
工具、環保科技研發及教育宣導等執行工具以達工作目標。

四、全民參與
環境保護工作之實施，除須政府積極推動外，更有賴消費者、民間團 體、
企業、社區民眾等社會大眾全力配合，充分運用社會人力、物力、財力及技術
等廣大之資源，經由社會大眾充分參與，發揮各個層面團體智慧 與力量，以促
使環境保護工作順利推動。

五、國際參與
環境保護問題已由國內事務擴大為國際議題，環保先進國家藉由多項 國際

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公約與國際會議，將環境保護與經濟發展相互結合，並利用貿易制裁 手段達到
全球重視環境保護之目的，我國身為國際社會之一員，應順應國 際潮流，與世
界環境保護脈動同步，積極參與國際環境保護活動，遵守國際間環境保護公約
與規範，加強國際環境保護合作與交流，以善盡地球村 一份子之責任。

參、未來展望
一、計畫願景
環境保護業務之實施須中央各部會、地方政府、民意機關以及社會大眾積
極參與，共同努力推動下列各項 配合工作：
(一) 加速污水下水道建設。
(二) 落實執行國土計畫。
(三) 妥善規劃並管理工業區。
(四) 推動都市永續發展。
(五) 推動公園綠地政策。
(六) 推動永續運輸。
(七) 自然資源永續利用。
(八) 推動綠色消費行為。
(九) 推動永續農業發展。
(十) 加強事業廢棄物處理及資源化。
(十一) 推動兼顧環保之產業發展政策。
(十二) 推動永續發展研究。
(十三) 推動永續綠建築政策。
(十四) 加強環保技術輔導與推廣。

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二、展望
環境是國家的寶貴資源，其品質良窳攸關全民生計及發展，當前環境 保護
已由公害防治提升為資源永續利用，執行面亦由國內事務的解決擴大 為國際的
參與及合作。全國應本於「經濟發展與環境保護兼顧」的共識原則，加強防範
環境受損於未然，及加速輔導改善現有公害污染。同時各政府部門亦應賡續重
視民意反映，戮力削減污染源，結合民間及政府各部門的力量及資源，共同參
與環境保護工作，以實際行動來創造健康、安全及寧適的生活環境，並追求國
家的永續發展。

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2018 Environmental White Paper Abstract (by TWEPA March, 2019)

The Environmental White Paper was first published in 1997 based on the content
of “State of the Environment, Taiwan, ROC” and “Environmental Information in the
Taiwan Region, ROC,” and incorporated the implementation status regarding goals,
strategy and measures that are stated in the “National Environmental Protection Plan”
carried out since 1999. The Environmental White Paper is published annually,
providing a review of the history and the progress of Taiwan's overall environmental
protection work. This Environmental White Paper covers not only pollution
prevention and control, but also nature conservation and international trends. The
White Paper has nine chapters divided into three sections: environmental policy and
current status; review of environmental protection strategy and measures; and
impandlementation schedule and prospects of related projects. The purpose of this
publication is to establish an integrated environmental information system and
provide a basis for the planning and execution of future environmental policies.

I. Environmental Policy and Current Status

A. Taiwan’s Environmental Protection Policy Goals
B. Current Environmental Status of Taiwan
(1) Geographic location.
(2) Natural environment: atmosphere, hydrology, water quality, topography, geology,
soil, wildlife and plants.
(3) Cultural, social and economic environment: population, socioeconomic indices,
cultural and historical sites, scenic sites, land use, living environment, agriculture,
forestry, fishery, mining, energy, business development, transportation, tourism
and scenery.
(4) Sanitation, safety and health: waste, toxic chemicals, management of
environmental sanitation and hygienic care.

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II. Review of Environmental Strategies and Measures
A. Conservation of the Natural Environment
(1) Pursue sustainable utilization of resources through enhancing measures for
conservation of water resources, marine resources, energy, forestry and wildlife.
(2) Protect environmentally sensitive areas by enhancing the management and
protection of natural protection areas, national parks, coasts, geologically
sensitive areas, water resources, and the quality and quantity of protection areas.
(3) Maintain biological diversity to ensure the diversity of genes, species, ecosystems
and scenery within Taiwan, and allow our citizens to sustainably share biological
resources.

B. Implementation of Pollution Prevention and Control

(1) Air quality
(2) GHG reduction management
(3) Water quality
(4) Soil and groundwater protection
(5) Waste recovery, reuse and disposal
(6) Noise and vibration control, environmental management of nonionizing radiation
(7) Management of toxic chemicals and environmental pesticides
(8) Environmental sanitation management

C. Implementation Mechanisms
For the implementation of environmental protection-related strategies, the
following means can assist to achieve the objectives: legislation, environmental
impact assessment, environmental monitoring, environmental analysis, environmental
information, personnel training, prevention and handling of public nuisance disputes,
environmental protection facilities, economic measures, research and development of
environmental technology, education and promotion.

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D. Citizens’ Participation
The implementation of environmental protection work requires participation of
not only the government, but also the general public, including consumers, private
organizations, enterprises, and communities. Through application of grassroots
resources, such as human power, materials, funding, technology, and the involvement
of the general public; the wisdom and strength from every organization can be fully
utilized and environmental protection work can be smoothly carried out.

E. International Participation
The scope of environmental protection has been expanded from domestic affairs
to international issues in recent years. Advanced countries have combined
environmental protection with economic development through various international
protocols and conferences, and achieved the goal of environmental protection through
trade sanctions. As a member of the international community, Taiwan endeavors to
keep up with international trends and participate in global environmental protection
efforts. Taiwan endeavors to uphold international environmental protocols and
guidelines in order to strengthen international cooperation and exchanges, and bear
its share of responsibility as a member of the global village.

III. Implementation Schedule and Prospects of Related Projects

A. Implementation schedule of related projects
Environmental protection work requires cooperation and involvement of the
central government, local governments, elected officials, and the general public to
promote the following related projects:
(1) Speed up sewerage system construction
(2) Carry out the Comprehensive National Land Development Plan
(3) Plan and manage industrial zones
(4) Promote sustainable development in urban areas
(5) Promote the greening policy for parks
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(6) Promote sustainable transportation
(7) Conserve natural resources for sustainable utilization
(8) Promote green consumption
(9) Promote sustainable agricultural management
(10) Strengthen industrial waste management
(11) Promote environmentally conscious industrial development policy
(12) Promote sustainable development research
(13) Promote sustainable green construction policy
(14) Strengthen promotion of environmental technology

B. Future Prospects
The natural environment is a precious resource of Taiwan. Its quality influences
the quality of life and development of all citizens. Today environmental issues have
been elevated from the traditional issue of pollution prevention to the sustainable use
of resources; from managing domestic affairs to international participation and
cooperation. The whole country should strengthen its efforts to protect the
environment from further damage and speed up the resolution of current pollution
problems based on policies that equally emphasize economic development and
environmental protection. Governments at all levels should continue to stay in tune
with those of public opinion so as to eliminate pollution sources, and work to
combine the resources of the private sector with those of the public sector to jointly
advance environmental protection work. In this way, a healthy, safe and peaceful
living environment can be created, and the sustainable development of the country
can be achieved.