Paints

The paints are coatings of fuild materials and they are applied over the surfaces of timber and metals.

Objective: to protect the surface from weathering effects of atmosphere.

To prevent decay of wood and orrosion of metals.

To provide a smooth surface for easy cleaning.

Characteristics of a ideal paint:should possess a good spreading power.

Cheap and economical.

Should dry in reasonable time.

Should be durable.

Should not effect health of workers.

Should not show cracks when dried.

Should form a uniform layer.

Types of paints:
Aluminium paints: A mixture of oil varnish and aluminum pigment in the form of thin flakes which overlap in the paint film
Advantages;it is visible in darkness

It resists heat to a certain degree

Thesurface of iron and steel are better protected from corrosion by this paint than any other paint

It possesses a high covering capacity .a litr of paint can cover an area of about

200m

It give gud appearance to the surface

It is impervious to the moisture

It possesses high electrical resistance.

Disadvantages:

 It can not be applied during the low temperatures. 

 It takes more time in drying up.

Applications/uses:

Used fo painting gas tanks ,hot water pipes,marine piers,oil storage tanks, radistors etc

2.anticorrosive paints:this paint usually consists of oil and a strong drier.

Composition:

chromium oxide or lead or red lead or zinc chrome

Very fine sand

Advantages;

It is cheap

It last for a long duration

 The appearance of the paint is black

Uses:
 Offshore platform components
 Pipework
 Coastal structures
 Drill riser sections
 Brake calipers

3.asbestos paints: this is a peculiar type of paint and is applied on the surfaces which are exposed to
acidic gases and steams

Properties: fire resistant

Good insulator

Advantages: fire-resistant property of asbestos paints makes it ideal for roofing, flooring, and thermal insulation. 
It is durable.

Dis advantages:Asbestos exposure is linked to a number of lethal lung diseases including

mesothelioma, asbestosis and lung cancer

4.bituminous paints:this paint is prepared by dissolving asphalt or mineral pitches or vegetable bitumen in any
type of petroleum.

Advantages: its waterproof

Rust resistant

Some application examples

Waterproofing concrete foundations.

• Rust-resistant paint for cisterns and metal surfaces.

• Waterproofing walls and foundations over bare ground.

• Painting concrete cisterns and cementitious surfaces in contact with slightly aggressive solutions.

• Rust-resistant coating of metal surfaces, gutters, etc.

• Priming substrates before installing bituminous membranes.

• Waterproofing wooden surfaces exposed to aggressive substances in the ground.

5.cellulose paints:this paint is prepared from nitro-cotton, celluloid sheets,photographic films,etc

Properties;

It hardens by evaporation of thinning agent

Advantages:

It hardens quickly

Its flexible,hard ,and give a smooth surface

The surface painted with cellulose paint can be easily cleaned and washed

It is not affected by contact with hot water

It can stand extreme degrees of cold and heat

Disadvantage:

It is expensive

6.enamel paint:this paint is available in different colours

It contains white lead or zinc white, oil ,petroleum spirit and resinous matter.

Advantages:

It hard and durable

The surface painted with this paint is not affected by acids, alkalies,fumes of gases, hot and cold
water,steam

Iit can be used for both external and internal walls

Disadvantages:

It dires slowly

uses

 Floor enamel – May be used for concrete, stairs, basements, porches, and patios.
 Fast dry enamel – Can dry within 10–15 minutes of application. Ideal for refrigerators, counters, and other industrial
finishes.
 High-temp enamel – May be used for engines, brakes, exhaust, and BBQs.
 Enamel paint is also used on wood to make it resistant to the elements via the waterproofing and rotproofing
properties of enamel. Generally, treated surfaces last much longer and are much more resistant to wear than untreated
surfaces.

7.cement paints:cement paints are covered under powdered paints which are used for exterior
cemented walls.they can be used for both exterior and interior cemented surfaces.

Composition:potland or white cement +lime+mineral extenders +accelerators +water repellent

substances.

advantages: economical.

Available in various colours.

Has a matt finish, an inexpensive way to cover large areas such as garages, cellars etc.

it prevents fungus and bacteria on masonary surfaces.

It gives a very good protection to all masonary surfaces from ultraviolet rays of the sun.

It protects from severe climates.

Disadvantages:not durable when compared with acrylic paints(lasts upto 2-3years).

Colour fades away easily giving a displeasing look.

Applications: used in all type of masonary such as bungalows, bridges, dams , houses, buildings of
general public etc.
8.emulsion paints:Emulsion, or water-based latex, paint is usually used to paint interior walls and ceilings. Some
types of emulsion paint can also be used to paint woodwork.

Advantages:the colour of this paint is retained for longer period.

Easily cleaned.

Absence of odour.

It possesses excellent alkali resistance.

It also dries much more quickly than oil-based paint unless in a humid environment.

 Emulsion paints hold well to almost any surface. It can also used without any pre-treatment.

 Emulsion paints are less toxic as compared to other oil based paints and zero volatile organic
compounds and also fewer skin irritations.

Disadvantages:they are usually more expensive than oil based varities.

 Emulsion paints have low drying rate at high humidity.

 Uses: Emulsion paints are ideal for ceilings and walls

 They are humidity – resistant and hence can be easily used in steamy rooms like kitchens
and bathrooms.

9.collodial paints: In a colloid paints, particles of one substance are mixed and dispersed with particles
of another substance - but they are not dissolved in it. 

Advantages: no inert gases are mixed in it .

The colloidal particles of solid material sow different colours depending on from what they are made.

Dis ad:it requires more time to settle.

Limited number of materials,only a few materials of this type are avalible.

Poor water resistance

Uses: it is used for interior as well as exterior walls.

10.graphite paints:  type of paint made from boiled linseed oil, powdered graphite, and a drier.

:uses: it is used in mines and underground railways.

Used to inhibit corrosion onmetal surfaces.

11.inodorous paints:white lead or zinc white is used with methylated spirit.

The white lead or zinc is well ground in oil.

Advantages:It dries quickly

Disad: it is not durable.

12.luminous paints:Luminous paint or luminescent paint is paint that exhibits luminescence. In other words, it gives

off visible light .The paint contains calcim applied with varnish.
Advantages: the surface on which luminous paint is applied shines like radium dial of watches after
source of light is cut off.

Dis ad:the paint should be applied on surfaces which are free from corrosions or any other lead paint.

13.Oil paints:it is a ordinary paint and applied in 3 coats.

The layer of oil paint serves as a foundation for fresh paint.

Advantages: creates luminous andhardwearing colours

Blends well with surrounding paints

Dries slowly providing artist more time to work with creations and ake changes.

Disad:slow drying can be disadvantageous.

14.Plastic paints:contains a necessary varity of plastics and is available in market under different
trade names.

Advantages:pleasing appearance

Attractive in colour.

Applications:it can used in showrooms and auditoriums etc.

15.silicate paints: prepared by mixing finely ground and calcined silica with resinous substance

Advantages:Silicate paints are also the economic

and durable

alternative to conventional colour coatings for interiors. 

Can stand extreme heat

It is not affected by alkalis.

Applications:it can be directly applied on brick , plaster or concrete surfaces.

16.synthetic rubber paint:this paint is prepared from resin.

Advantages:good resistance to water

Dries quickly

Uniform colour is maintained

Moderate in cost and covers a sizeable area

Excellent Chemical resisting power

Applications:ideally suited for exterior building and roofs.

Suited for use on steel and asbestosroofs and sheets