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Basic Biomechanics of The Gait
Basic Biomechanics of The Gait
Basic Biomechanics of The Gait
• Cadence=103pasos/min
Measurement Chart Steps
Steps Step
length Stride length 𝐜𝐦
𝐜𝐦
1 45 90.5
2 43.8 88.2
3 44.7 89.8
4 46.2 92.6
5 44.3 89.3
6 45.7 91.6
7 44.4 89.2
8 44.57 90.5
9 46 91.8
10 44.9 90
11 45.3 91.3
Total 494.87 994.8
Mean 44.98 90.44
Graphs of Step Length and Stride Length
Gait with Dual –Task-Training
To perform the measurement of the parameters in normal gait with dual task
training, the same procedure was performed as in normal gait, with the difference
that this time the subject walked while performing a cognitive task (serial
subtraction).
Gait with Dual –Task-Training
• Stride Length=90.2cm
• Step Length=44.6 cm
• Cadence=95pasos/min
Measurement Chart Steps
1 44.6 90.2
2 48.5 96.5
3 44.5 88.5
4 43.5 86.6
5 49.0 98
6 49.2 99
7 50 96
8 47.3 95.1
9 46.5 92.4
10 46.8 93.3
Total 469.9 935.6
Mean 46.99 93.56
Graphs of Step Length and Stride Length
Analysis Parameters
There are different methods used in recognition and analysis of the human running gait such
as image processing, floor sensors and sensors placed on the body. For running gait analysis
it is necessary to have a standardized protocol that allows obtaining the parameters of
interest reliably and efficiently. To obtain the parameters of interest, there are several
equipment alternatives that can be used. These equipments allow to evaluate the gait in a
quantitative way. 1
Marker Placement
One of the aspects with the greatest influence during the acquisition process in the analyzes of the running gait is the
protocol for placing the markers used by the system to detect points. However, the markers are placed incorrectly, it can
introduce further errors into measurement.
System Calibration
Another fundamental aspect during the acquisition is the calibration process .As in most systems, we have to be strict in
meeting the parameters specified by the manufacturer to ensure proper calibrations, because otherwise it would incur
great difficulties in data processing, or erroneous results.
The Runway
The dimensions of the runway in which the patient performs the gait, they must be enough to achieve the execution of
more than one complete cycle of the free running.
Reliability of Reference Values
Establishing reference values for comparison helps to evaluate what is normal and what is not, thereby allowing them to
make targeted interventions.
3. Carry out the Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA) with:
A young person, and old person. Compare both situations and analyze data.
Total Balance:16
Tinetti: Gait – Young Person
Instrucciones: el sujeto de pie con el examinador camina primero con su paso habitual, regresando con “paso rápido,
pero seguro” (usando sus ayudas habituales para la marcha, como bastón o andador) .
Duda o vacila o múltiples intentos para comenzar
COMIENZO DE LA MARCHA 0
(inmediatamente después de decir
camine) No vacilante 1
El pie derecho no sobrepasa al izquierdo con el paso en la 0
fase de balanceo
El pie derecho sobrepasa al izquierdo 1
El pie derecho no se levanta completamente del suelo con 0
el paso en la fase de balanceo
El pie derecho se levanta completamente 1
LONGITUD Y ALTURA DEL
El pie izquierdo no sobrepasa al derecho con el paso en la
PASO fase del balanceo 0
Total Gait:12
Tinetti: Balance – Old Person
Total Balance:10
Tinetti: Gait – Old Person
Instrucciones: el sujeto de pie con el examinador camina primero con su paso habitual, regresando con “paso rápido,
pero seguro” (usando sus ayudas habituales para la marcha, como bastón o andador) .
Total Gait:8
Compare both situations and analyze data
Interpretation: The higher the score, the The sum of both fall risk scores.
better the performance. The maximum score • 19 High risk or falls
of the gait subscale is 12, for equilibrium • 19-24 Moderate
subscale 16. • 24 Minimum
4. Based on the diagram of the marker-set which is employing for analysis in gait laboratories,
execute the protocol with one subject. Measure the time needed to lace all the markers and
indicate which markers would be necessary to assess the gait in the sagittal plane.