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    Transportation - 7th (Reduced) by Ahmed Hossain PDF

    Uploaded by

    Engr Shahin Hawlader

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 141

    TRANSPORTATION

    ENGINEERING - II

    Written By :
    Ahmed Hossain.
    Civil ’09
    ahmed_coda@yahoo.com
    A Hand-note On

    Transportation
    Engineering - II
    Written By :
    Ahmed Hossain.
    Civil ’09
    ahmed_coda@yahoo.com

    PDF By :

    Md. Oli ur rahman


    Civil’11.
    oli110064@gmail.com

    Md. imran hossain Mominul islam


    Civil’11. Civil’11.
    Imranhossain65@ymail.com sejance@gmail.com
    Topics
    RAILWAY POINT
    TRACK CROSSING

    RAIL SIGNALING &


    GAUGE INETRLOCKING

    HIGH WAY
    RAIL
    CONSTRUCTION

    HIGH WAY
    SLEEPERS
    FAILURE

    PAVEMENT
    BALLAST
    DESIGN

    ROLLING PROBLEMS
    STOKES (YEAR SOLn)

    GEOMETRIC
    WATER WAY
    DESIGN
    ,.i

    qnd crossinXs ,honld , I,{ de*i,,r.d nnJ


    -^^,:i;11T+, ry1njs
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    lllilllrrrlrl," itiiil ,=l
    stJ
    I
    I

    .*, -Fir'i
    rll
    l=l I:*-_*r
    *l
    t-- I
    ^;d{k
    l.-- \
    I

    L*_- lt iIl.i"*l I
    ,

    I
    I I I

    -."i .i,
    t-
    I

    ,l

    ': I-ig . ,Lo,n_lion


    I

    o* :oinl.

    '.'ro;n*s ,on,{"n.tJ f o +hq i i*.-l';n


    Fr pQn J i.n [* -{. +k o-lixn,r.,orrt o{ ronJ c\r€ *nrrnod a s
    {r,ans vers€ jqin{
    ',
    i

    roin*s . cons{".{"d in di*.*on o{


    OS longi{"J in.l joini

    n W.i{ ..'iho',{ ,no-lnr*ox___


    )' A+ IL 0o night,
    '-lrp +i* t*pero{u* b+ }h, t[[o..n ,
    is,higl.,o -fhan sur&.,q'ond *Jot horP, iop^nrd
    edXni. ,, , r lj{ti* r,,rurpinp ;i

    ;;;r'" werpin3- ttrn,*s tnt uP. To *Jo..


    l .(- :- \\ t -. '.t t
    s*ressa s, hrCI.rP Ins loln-ls E d i

    Prov I oe ;

    (----r-:"--l i._.-'-. I ;^.. ^-ph---,f---


    Sorliry" {o,4rn
    o' ;#u[.i,t,{H" *irru, ? Nhc{ **.l.Tl,lk ll,,,ft,n 0,0,.,&r
    .o{ ioin* "lilhr t N i[lry I

    T t€ *n{,, iol v,l i.tr is u*d {o" {; Il;nX


    join{s ii known '0s -filh.

    Desiroile proprd'ns i-o* joint


    {; I tn, : i

    r -r[q {itlnr rnaJorial sl,ould


    , [,q mmpre*iLle }in-L {i[[n,
    rnn{.'iol sho*ld te: su.h +h+ i+ *ntt Ls .,*i*;*j"'[
    /
    fi . p* oriq-irrul -ihickness ttr nppii*$on l"oil' prassure
    i+s.
    ronX inp *ro rn 7 kpor' +, r I kpm'v
    ) Th4 *i[h" ,t,*Jn.inl *hontd [e gr^ite n Li;. . {" -l_ s[,ouIcl
    recove.l" W t. o -l ;.l. origincl -{+.iJkness o-l'.1.,- t.-r.' r+
    appl;eJ lo'ad a{*",, ona. Loo. .+ -{+.o on o
    " app li.Jio,.
    d { -ll.,jrJ
    o + Iond
    3 $'l i},r"l J te qui*e d"tnt ln

    :'a

    mo-hiiolq:
    I. or cork, tu*d r^iJh Ii-l*nn
    torlc
    L . Coir fibre (rryrfiil-d (Er<rur ) ;i'^
    s. $rnprerro{oj {iIrE toorJ
    [$*1*xno4t
    * tfu-q,"t
    "$-r]
    4. So{* ^ooJ ;i
    ,!

    loinl Sn"[er-r loinl- #ill.t


    The mo{erinl wh;,h is usnd +r *nol

    to*p l..ln lp ' .q8-ainst n,,{r o}r(? o{ wn-l"t is cr.\ln d


    i

    SPGPT.

    J, ,''.n*nn* .on.rn -f, eJxes


    t

    ,2.
    3. ith ou* , {rn,}n ,
    ,u i1

    + in4i l{, n-hon o-f roin r*nlpr, inpress o+


    .tr
    dnXrnts = -fruCl SCf"f flff,
    l-.
    = DtTzltT-.( -{fE1
    fltt ,'li

    ,:i

    NE
    ITNiI
    ' ko ler :i

    rli, ir

    l:i:+ rir1llt l:l li

    DurinX conr{ru.{ion
    1",1
    ,i

    . i i' ' ll

    l'',
    l.r- fr" b* spi lliry- to{ [ k"f;"r' t,o kon

    .=ii:t*,
    * '
    ---- ^5.
    i
    !

    ----,8'r]@
    Suiyrrner ;".,
    tB) '*1,"t--:l:\rrtrlr''r
    (D/ Durin6'
    - ,il I
    (c) D*rinp ^.*.'-*-1: r ii
    ru ^ind.i
    o{ posi*on .+ no,*o\ {i rtn,, *J *[n,,i
    ?*6:,^YdI.'
    F,Auln tll shows , p,rr,n,*nt u ponds' due + r
    ise in trnm,-nt,*
    ern d oFn ducod . {p -lh rs ronJi{ion, {i lhr 'qr-l r
    r$-op ,gt-rs ,
    rQ
    c0rnDressad anc seoRr rornlound rnoh spi[[ ou*
    r hov.rn in -liX u re o{ i.i;+ 0e
    .,]
    I

    o*
    llr

    Durinl titd sqason, +[* ed$€s


    ,r tt
    Ic\
    du.*o *';*rq.*ron:anJ OPQn tqP ls. I

    rn a'hrio-l w i 1l -llow an{ spreud


    shown in {,t* . Q
    ii
    li
    I ir
    ri
    I

    I
    {
    :
    il i
    t.
    ,!
    l1

    il Di-1.+eron*q+, h{*non Fnr]h ond Grorn I ,i ,*l .

    TM

    ron.l
    -For*h Qto, i .no ,l
    tonl{ru(* on
    nra{orio-lt ,orL, Clole l' ,*J soil "!Ior.d, ,.orho
    0r (ro tkd 6rnw
    d s-lonq
    I
    I
    I
    I

    Lrgh{ . *r"-f.*ic 15auI ho'|fi.


    !

    Pf in imtrnn-
    I
    uoss slopr ln 2_v
    :i
    Hossoin
    l-liphwqp Foilurr nnJ *heir ,
    l'1nin'lnnon.< 0r] \

    w0* ,nq.in{nqrrn Nhqt orn J-bo otoqgmic


    "--til[-+*nne tu--polep
    .l
    mn itl.wox nrtin'l*nont' un H dn{nnd tt
    qs .f,r:ktn in& ,,old \,.:t,lt n,'ch- co,n.ponnn* o highwtp as (s f {*
    possi.ble in , *nerr 0r$rn*r , tgn difion .irl .provrde sreh il,'onr l
    ruork prhi.h ,j, neeeisul {0 kerp
    ^U
    {,q-l+ic ,rrrorqinX sn{,[6 lh
    t"

    M qin+en once o -F [.'6 hwop corn p r. ips { o {he {o J[ou.rinp rnqin'lnnonct


    work:
    .t
    -r,. l',1oin*nonte o{ 'ro,r-d ,ur {uce
    o{
    I

    2-. Mo.in-ftnqnt( rondv\{at, Jrtinqt


    ' i

    a. l"lain&nunce o{ rond si des ' I


    I

    Mairl *e n nnte of shou\{nr


    'onJ
    ii

    ll'lointn onc€ o{ tr; d X.s o {h, ,{ru. {*{* t

    i i.du.-{-,'o, in' road user ,ort,


    -*tt,
    ,u,h 0s vntr;i.le op€r0{n[
    r. . vl '

    ec,iden* rost nnJ trounI -t lrne SoU I ntii ,

    in .rii
    Rn do.*on lnu* I {o {n{ure rn o. in -l.n o ,, cl, on J
    r. hit,ili&*ion' tost ,ii :,
    3. R.eJuc-lien o tfi prpven
    t.
    +ion o -l QC onornic lo,1j Ju,
    ri

    t i
    rord li i
    il
    ri

    "i.
    :-- -..:d-:1
    t.io meo.r1 \,1 ltre o{
    6ou Fai F lex ib le pnvemnnt i
    .i

    -Frilurr of FfexiIle Povement ft is


    I

    f-ATs.l,
    in-Firud rs [ornlirnJ
    dnpnssion ond .l,'eovinp'up ln i+ vicini{X I

    onp -ll.,e ,r,r3o,or.L lounr o-f


    The IretHe1net,L*rpo{- - o;lt 'llexi tle
    po.v, rnnnt d".,r€$Y1'Wo vt s on d (0 r r u* n-li on 0 r l,n6i'luiino I ,u'l .
    orrd shovin . on pove rnen { tur{rct
    Tha ttru* t lory_, iilus{,n{s *h contrp{ o-l {+i\urn in {lexitle
    pavernrnt :

    -foilurq Jun {" ,uLxroJn soil


    Fig ta1 shoo.rs
    Fi+ tL,r thows -f-tilure du.
    .
    [ose cgurre +
    rri tu shows {"i lun Jt e *l, weorinp course,

    ;i

    .i

    Neannt
    ' o :ij
    I

    cout,( ilr
    lt

    'il
    1i

    ':-i rur" -''''-


    ''Base'"(o ri

    u-r5€ llase
    I

    coilrst
    il
    sub [qsQ coirrse it
    li,
    i;it s'th[ro& ti

    il
    ii
    ij

    'rl I

    ,l
    ii
    ii
    li
    I

    :li
    ii

    'sub- boN (ourse

    so iI suq;^de
    (e),

    \/i.ini ,[$ ,?--* 'ITfu1


    '.'l
    n Fx p]nin -ll-,o vorious . r 0u ses e --q-l-i.b[[.
    ._pouement -o-L-lq,L*

    m , louses !i e*-q+- ElnxilL-psL<nrrt{-


    ,t
    ii

    tn)Iqr_lu'e o-f s*tqrnd€:


    I

    I
    ,1

    .i
    1,

    rir $n l,eran t . *nnl.ness , o{ *oil-' i-l* l{


    rD $nndn1t,o t,
    io*p*{ion oi
    '
    ,ub 6 rnde
    trru
    ^ Extes sive I s=lrex .Fpl-*+* .t -trrre
    rnots
    1n *n!6 rnJn

    2 .Excess i're , Lllrets uf oLi,g,!bn_:


    '[nd'-]ton
    (t Ap1,iil+il,I;1 [o*-; Jn,isneJ lo.J
    riir in nurnhr;+ looj;;X]jjior,-''*
    {ncrpase
    qrrr) $noJnXun-L* th;,Ip1nss o{ pounrnn-L
    ;

    I
    -t ,{rqd.Uo!q ,!{.ery_{}i or: ,+i;it+"
    ur f mpppu ln i* propor{ion u.-

    riu $n n dnjuorb + h,t k q* u ,o -f hss_

    tl.*m
    _sq.t

    !i;,,'1.1,#-':ifrkr
    $ l
    prio d
    '
    ' $noJnluoJo -{hi.knnrs
    io,ffiffiiir. rL\'|',
    it 2 o-f inl cou,se . -
    I
    t .Use o-f in-l,rior or
    ,,u*or

    rL(
    i

    4 . Cruslrinp of box - toutsQ


    I

    F Loss "o {
    ,

    *n]n, iol ii I

    ; l':il ;i, :"1:;;i **,,li,if


    .. *,o;^.
    iouffr r", ,Tor
    hose
    j
    ii

    I :s5lrr--Eri
    E,rtu+-a{ -B,i:turni-rrqus - N.eu,t-q rourir. '

    ' r I {rrprrpe, rntx desiqn


    ,. gnolrruo'lo l,indnr in-lnrj"l
    ; . $n{.lor; 1*o[i{X.
    ' !+ tinin," r,,,n]o, inl
    'hi{urnirrous
    7 . 0xidq+or, 0{ , hinJqr
    i, ri.loJiliEo:l'io,r' o{ LinJnr
    i6 Poor luali-{p ron*rol Juring- c0ntu.{ior,
    n htri'le 'thort , no{s 0n {t n -lo llow inX:
    i.-At1'g1{y crarki
    l, i,i*ilL:r$Ktn$
    ,corruXo-1iro
    3r _No'res ond

    : hg:
    ',9. Nlop'or
    r*l- v. rrrilt( -lur- clo.cKlrtt:l
    AtliXa-lor .,o.kinnlj , rj'l
    --i-6^{ I
    !-. l-onr, *ernparft{urr
    {u-rnparqJur*
    , o-f sutrround tnff rq .in,.
    s.,rrr.nnJ;n., ,i

    il.I' ;+' o,ii,nif


    hnn
    '' iorr- ,i

    ;.
    I l:,k, o.{ d,nir,oXe.
    1:

    'i

    T iill*io,t,q,,j,.$,J,,|^f* s,ppo.tnF
    /*,,.
    s ii
    -o-,;l'
    Pppair' Marr
    -Tffi+ nr.,"L:^^
    o';q I .' , 'i

    *
    I + riTr t h; r ::[' *.d,,f*Th i
    ' ?.,, J,..
    Poth-" Corwurfu
    ', : .
    cqrr
    ; i 'l

    ,.1
    ry:i:l

    IL '.: ii

    j++1-t po-l Lolns 0r( isol,+J dnp,*,,ionri ln


    S W-lcrC{

    { , l.ec&,,0+
    o{ Uose du* {o innJnouo-L
    :l {l-'icknn,: '
    -3s i;

    -t 'Fo{' I,q should


    .[q y{ it vY
    0r r}u*e
    irtQpt' ,: ry ' :lp '".'n*,*'
    .ry.4ong*h,
    ' ii
    shopr & Jh,r
    J\ J*-f.cii;
    dq{rq{ir*
    'dnp.lf,
    dep-l[ ] .
    ' ,!

    z, T,ht ,,,€Xco.vu{n J rrn-}n r io 1 is ,o*oro J ii

    ;;11'-ry+"1.:rf -}sJ5*;*.fi ffil ,';i.ffi*'',


    u?'

    q -l\ !*L o *
    p-dl,rd qreq is l""r+i ;:,,{ ',.t0* +6-
    tQne.ru.l. surTacq ot .p0vrrnent, This o lln,n,. ,l _1,,*J[l^. ^^,;^. - -
    ou -n'il;i
    I

    ,]
    '!
    I

    fft\r,.T.*[,*o,Xal]'-1$il + +.,' 1;il"h- l,

    t':
    y),
    -I it\ .apptind,
    applfed $
    * ,. $i,
    ]tri . pa*[,n,d
    LIP *h 'in s.li,es
    '
    on d +lr( snrTuct ts $r€q t 4ill
    umirnc d
    r urnjrn d. oqe,th
    apoi rr .
    :i
    li.

    ri I

    i
    I
    ,
    J .a ctrypapfinn dn* pnrn{^rn
    ,,Ti,.m uh,., **:^_.t*l
    , '

    :
    2 . Dq-lter{rQ rollinq'

    t
    I
    l

    l:or,gy1du*q1 oi,ni*'
    I

    F. Uns*abl( unde.[?ir.,$'loXrr
    ' . :.
    >>hili;i o* oI't {t-i. rqplon.n-} !,1,10t ;Jturlols \^rft'rt:
    o-1.
    ftnd torruXo-hon QrL -l.kx rtle puue me q-t :

    >> Lo"'rlisnJ ,[.1n's'ion {.1t0*,uJ [6 heovirrtr- up 'in i{s virirrilX


    . -t

    rl
    ,.,r
    .*.*
    ,. $l -\ ,ins'latili-{'tr,o{ ttnJn, hilf \oxnr
    - i. dun -lo qxces.'ive
    nnoir*1o,
    .rt co'd1 *ton , surtqbie .
    t"],s ui{otq drainoXe *'tr*{t'n fs

    ':l i'i * -l*Jryq , ir, t* .+


    imprope, ,o,oipn {ion o'f lown"
    ]'+ir- ur,-tJ' nn"d. .o,npio{", rncol:+T.{10,,
    tnp,
    ,n!,r*Jn soi\ wh;rtr,i trto{- t'-
    , r. r r.
    ['iX\t\1
    ,t l+ $*i\nrn is .du, "k, ,i
    plmfic n*pnnii*''\-'P,' n jh' itt''t . 11h,rH^i***o'
    iH*ffii-l'JJh ;;t'+*iii -1*+ {r #uilii"{iun]
    ''t.' 'r'' I,r,-l ' ttph -.n.{tton tbp
    d"-itqi set*ion
    ',^In Jr.itnii
    [4cor.u*o{,'on mc* k ru'ttinJ
    Ltr^tulrLd" v r 11 \ | , . ,tj

    il TI.,n ineluoli Jiqs *J .. vYe.vl ne ss ,nop . lin **ornd , [?,


    f,f f i* .+k 'dnp*r5ion
    pilh 1,pmix rno-l*,,t\ ;i o-11n. upplg
    #;' #-+ owr' cleo-rt s,ur{'iq '16
    li

    .F i

    nt r0ntIe .ln
    s l\ltt{'w .t[*
    lr

    trilses o1 {nilurt 0-r


    n
    te
    n.
    rgr-;;+,li,, *n{i0"1 ol*o *te .{{"c{s o-t *ar urQ

    fffiil - [ausgs :

    tul k"-lititnc'1- o{ rro-lor i*[ ,*J ,

    [[)' S*rt^c{ur ol innder1,uoc11 o-[ lorun.*t

    -ur-l;i!rni[ ,o{ n1{*inl utnd


    ctups:
    ;. iiq o* so{{ oxXtexnt
    N

    ,s-'.'Urn. of PooT ;orn1 {illt' ond *o\n, *o*o rio\s


    3 poor 'wor krnonshjP in *he to ns{ru,,* ion { loin'ls o

    4I I ,poo,.l, isur {o.n {inirh ,'

    . 9nadeXua'le turtnX I
    T .

    -E{{ec{s:
    r . Poor nnd t^t (8-tr€ [,o+ s tqus{ ,.ru*[,ing
    so
    r
    0r,", J
    -[ (0ntrt stcrh
    in*eXrt{ion o f tqnaen
    J;s tq '

    2 loor".h{0r[*onrhi] in ioin{ .ons,{*,lion: tquses spi lhn4-


    o{ jornt
    3 poor ,u, {*.n {inisl"' rnc'J ,qsut{ in . r I;pprnp iur{-ote
    ,r. i $,nn d,.Xuo*1 ctyinX IoT- iln '1, r io"o { i{,*n6l I' o'f ,0,,,,. '1.

    t'l
    D<veloprnon't of cvo.ckt.
    I
    i,
    il
    ii

    ,:,j
    rl
    -s
    { rnt+nrn[. in o-{uXuot'1- o+ pov*n,rn"I sXstenrll

    - (q-U-tqs I ,

    ;-- {nuJ.guo-[o {I,ick ne rr o-f p ov.*nr{


    2. 4nodq1mJn. to\g ,oJ*,
    3. loor soil o* su[ -g rndn
    1 {vltorec-l sPocing o{ jo in ts
    - E{f*{s:
    .lr
    ! . ud I',urnp rrl"7oi^+
    t\4 i .

    z . ht iden irg, o-f


    I.' t{lh*n,{l' o+ por**or{
    +., croe& inp o* slo[ torrlers
    l' 'l "+
    l

    .:

    n ]dfie_ lumlr!+:
    md
    ;

    -
    -Hul PunrPin$- 4+ unJn, .lt* in-lluen,n o{ *},nnl lonJ,
    cernen{ * ** {n 1,ey€men I movas dow n wqrd nnJ *n*s
    rro.krd, "Il* +iec*'on o{ soil sfurr6 in so.[, q,onnJi{,on is
    kno nrn os MtrJ* pnq.r 1,
    ir[ .

    Genc*l 11 lf .h , pkpo rne non o cc or s in pnu. *nn{ p larn d on


    e la trep so t I subgroa
    ': J
    .
    ,; i

    The ruhsequgnt , qpp [i.nt o,r, o ] lo*1X * [,*nl[ loo_J.q Jn{


    *i,l b.l,'
    {lq paV€men t E lo b o"t c. i{r'.n
    urr[
    I lo,n-lfin
    (0uss
    ;;t +;;; f-'
    l

    some' soiI sl eaeh tirne Jhis :i


    hollo* u,.,dn,,,,In-il-.
    -Jhe. tont*te ond rr l-tr'rnot [p tl, is rruul{s i; +- i;0"
    i
    'o
    i pliuei^.nt
    'slo't-

    Y
    F'lnJ

    F'&: f4u-d- lHnllnp


    -.!ry.€wri:j

    f,il, b
    -151ion-eB r kse uocks er{ JirnlornJ i,r
    o*fu;t+o* bi*urn inous ,rnd," \.iinls { rl exis{inX cern€rr* .ove
    ,on *t rry{rn€n-l ex hitil $trrn( pnilJ',., o-f
    ' Orn'" IoS loXrrs
    rrag ks t
    . , fu
    wtar itlf,
    ,t.ur'[,-
    cs 0.s crr(. d.yn loped irr -lhs
    . .'' r r
    in{luenc* ,t[*. s'l *rg{f, o,{,
    "
    E{{n.Js ' I -Thes< crc.cks do no I ^r

    ,arement. Bni *l.nsq .rockS +tlottr Sur$c< Wc'.+er +0 prco lntt


    int
    '
    un,{.1 tain$= htut 0+ s u[4'nud< ' on dn*npe 'b
    6 d i+

    rl
    i: , ;il
    r;:.t,r,
    i'r
    t_ i;

    '.:
    a ,r -t.
    .'

    ' l
    r:.,i'. ;

    .,.. .:-
    r i1 .t: ' :.1

    I
    l)

    "t
    pr v iceq tiIi{f }nJnx
    L,
    + des
    {' o*
    t
    m{ i.n

    ,,'l{ It lfli
    flXe,(Yror1

    =,-::ai$

    'i

    ir..
    !:'
    li
    li
    ;:
    'l

    1l
    ii
    l:
    i.-:gr*'
    rl *
    ri

    i.
    I

    orc. +h l;{'to"n* 4Xpes o{ in mntqnoneq


    l
    ';!
    ti
    I

    Ttpnt o* main'leno-fice ]

    J,, [' o rrt-,t 0r pe t io d ic rnni n'lnno.lr c€

    2': S pgial
    .reptirs
    3.' Rqsurtoctng:

    'lt
    P!.rioJi't nroinJrrronrQ :
    . Grene,o\16 {"llorn inX iih{orKs G rc
    coined on{ r undn pe.,o Jrc rnnin hnqnce ii
    il

    J . yloinJnnqrree
    o{ should.r,,. ord sul,tm do
    ,l

    ii

    z . naoinJnnon(q o+ side drnins .


    (
    li ,

    ; - Mqin-l"noncS I lri ltres on,l ,u\wr{


    o

    I *T]*",,#l***
    1il,[T1*:] aeo mn.r, ics on.} J*J{i,nntr*l
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