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WHAT TO EXPECT
Majorship: Technology and Livelihood Education
Focus : Cosmetology
LET Competencies:
1. Explain the importance of good grooming for personal and professional development.
2. Apply the correct procedure in manicuring and pedicuring.
3. Apply ways of maintaining facial care and differentiate the different kinds of facial
make-up
4. Apply the basic in barbering , hair styling and hair treatment
PART I : Content Update
A. Explain the importance of good grooming for personal and professional growth
Good grooming is keeping oneself clean, neat and attractive. It includes personal
hygiene proper care of the body and wear of clothes that are clean neat and appropriate for the
occasion. Good grooming not only enhances the personality but it can be used as an effective
tool in establishing good relationship. A well-groomed person is liked and appreciated by
everyone. In turn, one who is well-liked and appreciated builds self confidence and radiates a
feeling of security. It also helps to look at life in a positive light is happy and tends to be
productive.
Good grooming is not only important in improving one’s personal looks but should and
must be part one’s professional development. Appreciation and respect as a professional
whether this be a teacher, a doctor, a lawyer, a fashion model, an executive, a public relations
officer can be partly attributed to the way the person looks and carries himself.
Part of good grooming is caring for one’s hair, hands and feet. A hair that goes well with
one’s face, smooth and clean looking hands and feet, well-trimmed finger nails and toenails
contribute to a well-groomed physical appearance.
Cosmetology is a field that includes several specialties. Those who are barbers or hair stylists
are part of the cosmetology field. As well, those specializing in nail care, such as manicurists
and pedicurists, are cosmetologists. However, other practitioners can be said to work in the field
of cosmetology as well. For example, those who shampoo hair are considered cosmetologists
Cosmetology fields like hairstyling, barbering, and manicuring, tend to require both training and
licensing prior to being able to legally practice. Training tends to occur in beauty schools.
Requirements prior to entering a beauty or barbering school are varied. Some schools require a
minimum of a high school education, while others merely require proven ability to read and
write.Once a student has completed school, he or she takes both written and practical exams
that demonstrate knowledge of subjects covered.
B. Apply the correct procedure in manicuring and pedicuring
BASICS OF MANICURE AND PEDICURE
Manicure comes from the Latin word manus which means hands and cura
means care,it means care of the hands and nails. A manicure is a cosmetic beauty
treatment for the fingernails and hands performed at home or in a nail salon. A manicure
treatment is not only a treatment for the natural nails but also for the hands. A manicure consists
of filing, shaping of the free edge, treatments, massage of the hand and the application
of polish. 2
Nowadays the manicure is not just for an aesthetic benefit. More emphasis is now given to
correct preparation of the nail such as removing the cuticle (eponychium) and applying a variety
of creams and oils in order to maintain a healthy balance of oils on and around the nail bed.
Pedicure on the other hand comes from the latin word “ pedi” meaning foot and cura
meaning the care of the feet,
Purpose of Pedicure/Manicure
1. To improve the appearance of hands and nails.
Natural nails has protein keratin
2. It cleans the nails
3. It beautifies the fingernails and toenails
4. To feel comfortable
Equipment and Materials Needed in Manicure
A. Equipment
1. Manicure table and adjustable lamp
Other things used
1. 1 Cushion or small pillow (8 x 12 inches ) covered with washable slipcover or sanitized
towel for the patron’s wrist arm.
2. Supply tray for holding the cosmetics
3. Finger bowl for holding warm soapy water.
4. Container for clean absorbent cotton.
5. Container for sanitizing solution.
6. Glass container for cosmetics and accessories.
B. Tools and Their uses
1. Orangewood stick – to loosen cuticle, to work around the nail, and for applying cream, oil, or
solvent to the nail and cuticle.
2. Nail file – used to shape and smooth the free edge of the nail.
3. Cuticle pusher – to push back and loosen the cuticle.
4. Cuticle nipper – to trim the cuticle.
5. Nail brush – to clean the nails and finger tips with the aid of warm soapy water.
6. Emery board – to shape the free edge of the finger nails with the coarse side and level the
nail on the fine side.
7. Nail buffer – use to smoothen the top portion of the nail plate
8. Nail cutter – to cut the nails
9. Tweezer – to gently lift small bits of cuticle
C. Cosmetics
1. Cuticle cream – used to prevent brittle nails and dry cuticle.
2. Cuticle remover – used to soften the dead cuticle around the nail
3. Cuticle Oil – used to soften and lubricate the skin around the nails. 3
4. Cuticle solvent – may contain 2 – 5 %of sodium or potassium hydroxide plus glycerine.
5. Nail whitener – applied as a paste, cream, or coated string, this consists mainly of white
pigments (zinc dioxide or titanium dioxide). When applied under the free edge of the nail they
keep the tip looking white.
6. Nail polisher – solvent containing acetone or other solvent is used to thin out the nail polish
when it is thickened.
7. Nail polish – is usually prepared in the form of powder or paste. It smoothes the nail and also
imparts a sheen to the nail during buffing.
8. Nail drier – is a fine spray which protects the nail against stickiness and dulling. Can be used
either as a spray over the top coat or directly in the nail polish.
9. Base coat – is a liquid product applied before the liquid nail polish. With this applicator the
nail polish adheres readily to the surface. It also has a hard glass which prevents the color in the
nail polish from staining the nail tissue.
10. Top coat or top sealer – is a liquid applied over the nail polish. This product protects
the polish and minimizes the chipping or cracking of the colored polish.
11. Nail strengthener – is a product designed to prevent the nails from splitting or peeling. It is
applied to the tips of the nails only.
12. Hand cream and lotion – keep the skin soft by replacing the natural oil lost from the skin.
D. Materials
1. Absorbent cotton – to remove cosmetics on the nails
2. Soap – for finger rings
3. Warm water – for finger bath
4. Towel – use individual towel for each patron.
5. Cleansing tissue to use whenever necessary.
6. Antiseptic – used for minor injuries to tissues surroundings the nails.
7. Disinfectants – used to sanitize implements; to sponge the manicure table.
8. Spatula – used to remove creams from jars
9. Mending tissue and mending liquid - to repair or cover broken, split, or torn nails
Different Shapes of Nails
Square Round Oval Pointed
The shape of the nail should conform to that of the tips for a more natural effect. In general the
oval shaped nail, nicely rounded at the base and slightly pointed at the tips, fits most fingers and
toes. Oval shape is the most perfect shape of the nail. If the form of the nail is small, pointed
shape is applicable and if the appearance of the nail looks longer then it is advisable that the
square shape is recommended.
Oval shaped is the ideal nail contour and can be styled as follows:
1. Entire nail covered with polish.
2. Free edge left white
3. Half moon left white at base of nail.
A. Common Designs in Manicuring
V-SHAPE HALF MOON PLAIN WITH TIP HALF MOON 4
B. Decorative /Fancy Designs in Manicuring
Sanitary Care in Manicure / Pedicure
1. Sanitize used manicure implements and place them in clean cabinet sanitizer.
2. Place used materials like tissue paper, used cotton, used emery board, etc. in the trash
can or close containers.
3. Wipe the top of the manicure table with disinfectant and put everything in order.
4. Clean the tops of nail polish bottles with polish remover.
5. Inspect the manicure drawer for cleanliness and order.
6. Wash and dry your hands.
Preparation for a Plain Manicure
1. Remove old polish
Moisten a piece of cotton with the nail polish remover and press over the nail for a few
moments to soften the polish. With the firm movement, bring the cotton from the base of the
nails to the tip. 1. Remove old polish 2. Shape the nails
2. Shape the nails
Ask the patron, the shape she wants, then file the little nail of the left hand, from the little finger
towards the thumb, in the following manner. Shape the nails into an oval shape. Use the file or
emery board to shape the nail. File each nail from corner to center going from right to left and 5
then left to right. On each side of the nail, use two short, quick strokes and one long sweeping
stroke.
3. Soften cuticle
After filling the sides of nails, then immerse left hand into finger bowl, to permit softening of the
cuticle. Then for few minutes remove the finger from bowl.
3. Soften the cuticle 4. Dry finger tips
4. Dry finger tips
Wipe with towel on both hands, carefully dry the left hand including the area between the
fingers. At the same time, gently loosen and push back the cuticle and adhering skin on each
nail.
5. Apply cuticle remover
Wet the nail with cuticle remover around the edge of the nail, and push gently and carefully
loosen dead cuticle, avoid too much pressure in pushing back the cuticle.
5. Apply cuticle remover 6. Loosen cuticle
6. Loosen cuticle
Upon pushing the cuticle use the flat or spoon side of the pusher. Keep cuticle moist while
working. Avoid scratching the nail plate so that live tissue at the root of the nail will not be
injured.
7. Clean under free-edge
use cotton-tipped orangewood stick, dip in soapy water and clean under free edge from the
center toward each side with gentle pressure.
7.Clean under free-edge 8 . Cleanse nails
8. Cleanse nails
Brush nails in soap bath with a downward movement to clean nails and fingers of both hands.
Then dry hands and nails thoroughly.
After cleaning the nails the finishing touches is applied Do the following:
1.Bevel nails
Carefully re-examine the nails for defects. Use fine side of the emery board like a nail to give the
nail a smooth beveled edge. 6
1. Bevel nails 2. Apply the base coat
2. Apply the base coat
Apply the base coat polish, starting with the little finger working toward the thumb.
3. Remove excess polish
Dip a cotton-tipped orangewood stick into the nail polish remover. Apply it carefully around the
cuticle and nail edges to remove excess polish
3. Remove excess polish 4.Apply top or seal coat
5. Apply top or seal coat
Apply the coat with a long strokes to the left hand and then to the right in the same manners as
the base coat. Brush round and under tips of nails for added support and protection.
6.Apply hand lotion
After the top coat is completely dry, apply hand lotion with light manipulation over the hands
from wrists to fingertips.
Prepare for a Plain Pedicure
Pedicure Equipment

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Ottoman on which to rest patron’s foot
Material /tool
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










































































































–up
This is basically simple and light make-up. It is appropriate in ordinary occasions, church
or going to work. Choose the shade that is very light. The time of the day determines how
much make-up is to be applied. Day make up is light and suits casual wear. Applied lightly,
neatly, and beautiful it will go with any kind of clothes for day wear.










make up can change the appearance of an individual’s face through the use of varied
cosmetics. Some of these cosmetics are plaster of Paris, Vaseline, zinc oxide and spirit
gum among others.
Preparation
Usually, make up is given after a facial massage. However, if the make up is applied
before a comb-out is given, remove rollers and clips and be sure to drape the patron’s head
to protect her hair.
The patron is reclined in a facial chair with her head slightly raised. The cosmetologist may
sit at the back of the patron to give the service or may move to the front of the patron for ease
of application.
Implements and Supplies

– one of the most commonly used make up types. This is intended to be used
on the
lips in order to add color as well as texture. There are also certain varieties of it that have
chemicals in it that would make our lips appear plumper than usual without the need for
expensive collagen injections.
Blush – also referred to as rouge, this is used on the cheekbones in order to add more color.
Typically, it is made of talcum or powder but there are variations today that come in either gel or
cream form. 10
Eye shadow – this serves the same purpose as the blush but is applied on the eyelids and
under eyebrows instead. It draws more attention to that particular area and is used to create
depth and dimension.
Mascara – this goes right on our eyelashes in order to make them appear fuller, thicker, darker
and longer. The different variations of this can come in either liquid or cream form and is applied
with the use of a mascara wand.
Eyeliner – this appears in the form of a thin pencil with kohl inside. It is often used together with
the eye shadow in order to further define the eyes and give it more depth. These commonly
come in either black or brown but one would also be able to find them in lighter and more
colorful hues
Lipgloss, is a sheer form of lipstick that is in a liquid/ solid form.
Lipstick, lip gloss, lip liner, lip plumper, lip balm, lip conditioner, lip primer, and lip
boosters.[3] Lip stains have a water or gel base and may contain alcohol to help the product stay
on the lips. The idea behind lip stains is to temporarily saturate the lips with a dye, rather than
covering them with a colored wax. Usually designed to be waterproof, the product may come
with an applicator brush or be applied with a finger.
Concealer makeup used to cover any imperfections of the skin. Concealer is often used for any
extra coverage needed to cover blemishes, or any other marks. Concealer is often thicker and
more solid than foundation, and provides longer lasting, and more detailed coverage.
Foundation, used to smooth out the face and cover spots or uneven skin coloration. Usually a
liquid, cream, or powder, as well as most recently, a light and fluffy mousse, which provides
excellent coverage as well.[3] Foundation primer can be applied before or after to get a smoother
finish. Some primers come in powder or liquid form to be applied before foundation as a base,
while other primers come as a spray to be applied after you are finished to help make-up last
longer. Foundation – considered as the base, is applied on the face to even out skin tone and
give it a smooth, velvety feel. It comes in a variety of colors as well as coverage types. So
whether you’re looking for something thick or sheer in terms of coverage, you would be able to
find something that suits your needs.
Face powder, used to set the foundation, giving a matte finish, and also to conceal small flaws
or blemishes.
Rouge, blush or blusher, cheek coloring used to bring out the color in the cheeks and make
the cheekbones appear more defined. This comes in powder, cream, and liquid forms.[3]
Bronzer, used to give skin a bit of color by adding a golden or bronze glow.[3]
Mascara is used to darken, lengthen, and thicken the eyelashes. It is available in natural colors
such as brown and black, but also comes in bolder colors such as blue, pink, or purple. There
are many different formulas, including waterproof for those prone to allergiesor sudden tears.
Often used after an eyelash curler and mascara primer.[3] There are now also many mascaras
with certain components to help lashes to grow longer and thicker. There are specific minerals
and proteins that are combined with the mascara that can benefit, as well as beautify
Eyelid glue, eyelash extensions, eye liner, eye shadow, eye shimmer, and glitter eye
pencils as well as different color pencils used to color and emphasize the eyelids (larger eyes
give a more youthful appearance).Eyebrow pencils, creams, waxes, gels and powders are
used to color and define the brows.[3]
Setting Spray, used to keep applied makeup intact for long periods of time.
Procedure in Giving Make up
1. Apply cleansing cream
Remove a small quantity of cleansing cream from the bottle of cream and place all over
the face of the patron, then rub over the face to remove the dirt or clean the face. 11
2. Remove cleansing cream
With a tissue, use an upward or outward motion.
3. Check shape of Eyebrow
See to it that the eyebrow is in proper shape. If not,
arching is given first before applying
eyebrow pencil.
4. Apply astringent lotion or skin toner
For oily skin apply astringent lotion; for dry skin apply a skin toner. Moisten a cotton
pad with lotion and pat it lightly over the entire face, under the chin and on the neck. Blot off
excess moisture with tissues.
5. Apply foundation
Place the amount needed on the palm of the hand. Choose the kind of foundations and
shades best suited and apply it evenly over the entire face and around the neckline with
a gentle upward motion. Blend carefully near the hairline. Remove the excess foundation.
6. Apply blush-on
Liquid cream or cake cheek rouge is applied on cheek bones with a sanitized soft brush.
6. Apply blush on 7. Apply eye shadow
7. Apply eye shadow
Select shades to match eyes or to complement them. Apply lightly on the upper lids or
gently outward with fingertips.
8. Apply eyeliner
8.Apply eyeliner 9 Use eyebrow pencil
Eyeliner can be used to make the eyes look large and lashes appear thicker. Choose the
shade of eyeliner that harmonizes with the skin. Gently draw a very fine line along entire
lid as close to the lashes as possible. If an eyebrow pencil is used, be sure the point is sharp
so that the line will be only an illusion. Care should be taken to avoid injury to the patron.
9. Use eyebrow pencil
Brush the eyebrow in place with light feathery strokes. Sketch on brows with fine-pointed
pencil. Cream, liquid or cake eyebrow coloring are available and applied with a brush.
10. Apply powder
Powder the entire face to minimize the shine of the skin and make the face even on the
application of the foundation. Powdering the eyelids will prevent eye make up from smearing.
Remove excess powder. 10.Apply powder 11.Apply mascara
11. Apply mascara 12
Apply cream mascara on the eyelids. Apply and brush upward on the underside of the upper
lashes. Then gently tip the lower lashes.
12. Apply lip rouge
Lip rouge is removed from the container with sanitize spatula. Outline lips with the fine point
of a lip brush. Ask the patron to close the lips in a relaxed position.
12.Apply lip rouge 13.Give finishing touches or final retouch
13. Give finishing touches or a final retouch.
Corrective Make-Up
Corrective facial make up helps to play up the good features and tone down the bad ones.
Facial features can be accented with proper highlighting or subdued with the correct
shadowing or shading and balanced with the proper style.
Eyes too far apart
When the distance of the eyes is more than the size of one eye.
Remedy:
a. Draw the eyebrows close together.
b. Apply darker shades of eye shadow at the inner corner of the eyes and fade out at the outer
corner. This gives an illusion of closeness.
Close-set eyes
For eyes that are set too close together apply shadow lightly up from the outer edge of the
eyes.
Remedy:
a. Draw the eyebrows wide apart.
b. Apply darker shades at the outer corner of the eyes and lighter shade towards the inner
corner.
Bulging eyes Can be minimized by blending the shadow carefully over the prominent part of
the upperlid. Carrying it lightly to the line of the brow. These kinds of eyes are considered big or
large because of prominently bulging eyelids. Use dark shadow as illustrated.
Remedy:
a. Extend eye make up upward.
b. No need for eyeliner.
c. Extend eyeliner at the eyelid.
d. Use dark shades of eye make up to hide the prominent eyelid.
e. Do not use frosted eye shadow or a highlighter to avoid emphasizing bulging eyelids.
f. Use only one dark shade of eye make up.
Chinky or Chinita eye
This kind of eye is small and can be made to appear larger by extending the shadow
slightly above and below the eyes.
Remedy:
a. Use another shade of eye make up at the outer and inner corner of the eyes.
b. Use a highlighter at the center of the upper lid. 13
c. Use some eye make up on the lower lid. Apply along the lower eye lashes.
d. Curl the upper and lower lashes and kitchen them with mascara.
Corrective Make up for the Lips
Thin Lower Lip
Remedy:
a. Extend curve of lower lip to balance.
b. Use a lip brush to shape the lip.
c. Choose a right shade to emphasize the correct shape of the lower lips.
d. Draw a new shape of the lips.
Thin Upper Lip
Build up the curve of the upper lips to balance
Remedy:
a. Extend curve of upper lips to balance.
b. Use a lip brush to reshape the upper lips.
c. Draw the new shape of the lips to reshape the upper lips.
Large Full Lips
Keep lipstick covering inside of lip line. Shade color off at side. Keep corners very sharp
and clean-cut.
Remedy:
a. Cover the lips with foundation cream.
b. Use a dark shade of lipstick to subdue the fullness of the lips.
c. Draw the new shape of the lips inside the original lip line.
d. Fill the rest of the lip rouge.
Small mouth
Build outsides of upper and lower lips and extend the corner of the mouth.
Remedy:
a. Draw the shape of the lips outside the original lip line.
b. Fill the outside of the lips with lipstick.
c. Draw the real or standard shape of the lips to get the right shape of the lips.
Eyebrow Arching
Eyebrow arching is most commonly done by women to add precise visual definition to
eyebrows and enhance overall facial appearance. There are several methods for arching your
eyebrows, including wax treatments, most typically performed in salons by cosmetologists, or
tweezing, which you can easily do at home by yourself.
Importance of Eyebrow Arching
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




– hair is neither too thick nor too thin.
Facial Treatments
A facial is a procedure involving a variety of skin treatments, including:
steam, exfoliation,extraction, creams, lotions, facial masks, peels, and massage. It is normally
performed in a beauty salon but it is also a common spa treatment.
Purpose of Facial Treatment
1. Preventive
This treatment is given to maintain the health of the facial skin by correct cleaning
methods, increased circulation, relaxation of the nerves, and to activate the skin glands
and metabolism, through massage.
2. Corrective
To correct some facial skin condition as dryness.
Plain Facial
Skin facial is a very restful service or treatment in the beauty salon. The customers are
happy and contented in the stimulation from massage, the soothing effects of creams and
lotions and the finished application of an attractive make-up. Facials can be given as often as
once a week except where otherwise indicated.
Implements and Supplies
Cleaning cream Cleansing lotion Talcum Powder Spatula
Astringent lotion Tissue Towel Facial towel
Skin freshener Absorbent Cotton Basin Warm water
Muscle oil Facial tray
Procedure for Plain Facial
1. Prepare all the materials needed.
2. Prepare the patron.
a. Place a clean towel across the back of the facial chair.
b. Ask patron to remove jewelry like earrings or other accessories.
c. Put a headband or fasten the hair to protect the patron’s hair.
d. Adjust the head rest and then set the chair to a reclining position
e. Cover the eyes with wet cotton.
Procedure for Plain Facial
1. Analyze the skin
Cleanse the face to determine if the skin is dry or oily. This analysis will determine:
















– Lift chin using a slight pressure.
2. Lower cheek movement
– Circular movement from the chin to ear and rotate.
3. Mouth, nose, and cheek movement using circular movement.
4. Linear movement over forehead
– Slide to temples, rotate slide to the left eyebrow, then stroke the hairline across
forehead and back.
5. Circular movement over forehead.
6. Stroking movement
– Slide fingers to center of forehead then slide fingers with slight pressure towards
temples and rotate.
7. Eye movement
– Press sides of eyes and rotate fingers around.
8. Nose and upper nose
– Slide down nose using rotary movement.
9. Lip and chin
– Draw fingers from center of upper lips and around mouth going under the lips and the
chin.
10. Lifting movement
– Proceed from the mouth to the top part of the ear.
4.Apply the basics in Barbering,Hair styling and Hair treatment
HISTORY OF BARBERING
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



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














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
– is that portion of the hair structure found beneath the skin surface. This part of
the
hair is enclosed within the follicle.
2. Hair shaft – is that portion of the hair structure extending above the skin surface.
Color of Hair
The natural color of hair, its strength and texture, depend mainly on hereditary qualities of a
physical nature. The color of hair being an inherited characteristic is one which is easy to
observe and classify.
Hair Distribution
Hair is found all over the body except on the palms, soles, lips and eyelids.
Types of Hair on the Body
1. Long hair grow from the scalp, protects the scalp against the sun’s ray and injury, give
adornment to the head, and form pleasing frame for the face.
2. Short hair such as the eyebrow and the eyelashes, adds beauty and line of color to the face.
The eyelashes help protect the eyes from dust particles and light glare.
3. Lanugo hair is the fine, soft dowry hair of the cheek, forehead, and nearly all areas of the
body. It helps in the efficient evaporation of perspiration.
Hot oil treatment is used to give hair moisture as it gives the look of conditioned hair without
having to condition every day. If you have damaged or dry hair as a result of such things as
coloring, blow-drying, straightening, or other styling factors, then a hot oil treatment for hair may
be good for your hair . It most often makes hair look more healthy.
Materials and Cosmetics in Giving Hot Oil Treatment 18
1. Hair brush 5. Cream or oil for hot oil
2. Shampoo 6. Heating caps
3. Towel 7. Infrared lamp
4. Scalp or tonic
How it works
Generally with a hot oil treatment for hair, they are used once a week. The bottle of oil is heated
by putting the bottle in hot water for an extended period of time. The conditioning treatment of
the hair gives more strength and body to the hair. The hot oil can help repair damaged and
weak hair as every strand gets the treatment it needs instantly when the oil is applied.
How to use it
After heating the tube of oil in the water, generally for a minute or so, you can massage the hot
oil treatment into your wet hair. Massage all the oil thoroughly in the hair so that all the hair will
be able to be exposed to the hot oil. Many times people that use hot oil treatments do not make
sure that all their hair is exposed and this can cause weakness to those areas of the hair. After
this is done, you can rinse the hair and the scalp thoroughly under the running water. After the
hot oil treatment is done processing, shampoo your hair as you regularly do. You can use the
hot oil treatment once or week or as often as
Types of hot oil treatments
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



























 






































They are handy for children’s hair and for smooth hairdos.
Materials and Equipment Used in Styling
Tools: Supplies
1. Hair brush 1. Spray Net
2. Styling brush 2.Setting lotion
3. Teasing brush 3. Setting gel
4. Roller brush
5. Hair pins
Equipment
1. Hair dryer
2. Hair blower How to Do Roller Setting
Get a friend to help you roll your hair; rolling long hair can make your arms tired.
If you've used a relaxer treatment in your hair, using rollers is the healthiest way to give your
hair volume. At one time in history, every woman owned a set of rollers. Roller setting is
something that takes practice and requires perfection.
Things needed:





















































 












































Barber’s brushes
These are used to brush off trimming clinging to the cape or
skin of the customer. They come in various shapes and sizes.
Water Sprayer
This is used to wet the hair when cutting or trimming. The bottle is
made of plastic or glass. It has a nozzle, hose, and regulator. I
comes in various sizes, colors and shapes
Do-all clip
It is used to hold the sectioned hair when parting. It is about 3-5 inches long. It is made of
plastic, metal, or a combination of the two. It is useful in hair shaping. It is sometimes called a
duck pin.
Different Ways of Cutting and Shaping the Hair
A. Thinning with shear
Using the thinning shear, grip the hair by overlapping the middle finger a trifle over index
finger.
Caution: In using the thinning shears it is advisable to avoid thinning the top layer of strand.
B. Slithering method
Hold a strand of hair straight out between the
middle and index finger.
C. Razor cutting method
Hold the thumb groove part of the shank or fold the finger over the handle of the razor.
D. Shingling method
Start at the nape line shingling the hair upward in a graduated effect.
After reaching the top of the section being shingled, trim the comb
downward and comb the hair, proceed section by section until the
entire back of the head is shingled in a smooth uniform manner.
A. Long hair
1. Straight cut
A. Divide hair, leave strand for guide of length
B. Bring down strands. Cut hair longer to give allowance for stretching
C. Cut back similar to previously cut hair.
2. Sides shorter than back
A. Part hair at the bangs
B. Cut zig-zag style 24
C. Part hair at the side. Hold it between your middle and index finger. Slide gently then
cut hair diagonally going around the back of the ears. Do the same from the nape going
up to the crown.
D. Position the comb at right angle. Then cut hair diagonally going around the back of
the ears. Do the same from the nape going up to the crown.
E. Snip the hair carefully at the ear.
F. Check the length and thickness. Adjust to balance.
B. Short Hair
1. Tapered haircut
a. Section the hair into three. Fasten with a do-all clip.
b. Bring down the section on one side. Cut one strand. This is your cutting guide.
B. Short Hair
1. Tapered haircut
a. Section the hair into three. Fasten with a do-all clip.
b. Bring down the section on one side. Cut one strand. This is your cutting guide.
B. Short Hair
c. Sliding the nape and going up at the right angle hold hair between index and middle fingers.
Cut and comb.
d. Hold next strands at acute angle then snip as in the first strand. Comb downward. The next
strands are cut similarly. Do this up to the top or crown.
B. Short Hair
e. Check cut hair on all sides. Check if thickness and length is balanced.
f. To thin the bangs, snip the hair into a W-shape.
B. Short Hair
2. Wedge Cut
a. Section the hair. Start at the nape. Snip hair about 2 inches into wedge shape.
b. Comb hair from up down. Cut in equal lengths.
c. Bring down strands of hair at the sides. Snip these to desired length.
d. Snip the fingers for a soft look.
e. From top, lift hair up and snip to desired length
C. Modern Style of Haircutting
a. Divide hair into two starting behind the ears.
b. Thin out the lower half using a razor, for about 5 inches
c. Comb downward. Cut about 2 to 3 inches of the previously cut strands. Comb the remaining
hair in the same length as the cut ones.
d. Part the top section and starting at the side, cut with a razor. Then snip the ends straight.
Always use the back as guide.
e. Repeat the same on the other side. Pick out about 5 strands of hair from the fringes longer
than other parts and set to style.
Part II Analyzing Test Items 25
Competency 1 Explain the importance of good grooming for personal and professional g
Growth
1. Looking around and seeing people, who of the following shows good grooming ?
A. A group of students wearing sando and shorts in an evening formal party.
B. A teacher in school uniform selling goods in the market.
C. A girl wearing swimsuit for swimming lesson..
D. A mother wearing a house dress hearing mass.
A. Sando and short is not a proper attire for an evening formal party.
B. School uniform should not be use for market activities
D. One who is hearing mass should be in a Sunday wear or semi-formal attire.
Letter C is the correct answer because good grooming encompasses personal hygiene
and wearing appropriate garment for the occasion
Competency 2. Apply the correct procedure in manicuring and pedicuring
2. After applying the cuticle remover you are now ready to loosen cuticle. How will you loosen
cuticle?
A. Push the cuticle using the flat side of the pusher.
B. Dry the finger while pushing the cuticle
C. Scratch the nail plate
D. Push the cuticle using the pointed side of the pusher.
B. The cuticle should be moist while the procedure is going on.
C. Avoid scratching the nail plate so that the live tissue at the root of the nail will not be
Injured.
D. The pointed side of the pusher is used for taking in-grown nails.
Letter A is the correct answer because using flat side on the surface of nail is
preferable.
Competency 3. Apply ways of maintaining facial care and differentiate the different kinds
of facial make-up.
3. If you are using foundation as part of make-up application , how will you apply it ?
A. Apply evenly over the face and neck with gentle downward motion.
B. Apply on the face in a circular motion
C. Apply evenly over the entire face and around the neck with a gentle upward
Positon
D. Apply foundation evenly near the hairline.
A. Downward motion stretches muscles downward
B. Circular motion is use for facial manipulation
D. Foundation is applied over the entire face not near the hairline.
Letter C is the correct answer as foundation should really be applied on the entire face.
Upward motion make muscles firm.
4.What will you rub on your face to remove the dirt or clean the face?
A. Astringent C. Foundation
B. Cleansing cream D. Skin toner 26
A. Astringent is apply on oily skin.
C. Foundation is considered as the base to even out the skin tone
D. Skin toner is apply on dry skin.
Letter B is the correct. Cleansing cream remove dirt as it clean the face.
Competency 5. Apply the basic of barbering, hair styling, and hair treatment.
5. What kind of hair setting will you use if you have straight hair and would like to have a
lifted hairstyle effect?
A. clip setting C. pin curl setting
B. curler setting D Roller setting.
A and C these are good for setting curl sections for necklines, bangs and to finish off the
style at the bottom.
B Curler setting can be used for setting the entire head or turning ends under, upward
and forward.
Letter D. is the correct answer as roller setting are for lifted hairstyle effect on straight
hair.
6.What is used to trim the cuticle when doing manicure or pedicure ?
A. orangewood stick C. nipper
B. nail cutter D. tweezer
7. If you want to soften the dead cuticle around the nail, you need to use cuticle _____.
A. cream C. remover
B. oil D. solvent
8. A base coat polish is use before applying the top coat because____
A. it makes nails attractive
B. it helps to make nail polish stick readily to the surface.
C. it is really necessary.
D. the top coat cannot be applied without it.
9. What finger will you start applying the base and top coat nail polish.
A. Index finger C. Ring finger
B. Little finger D. Thumb
10. When doing pedicure the patron’s foot is rested on ____.
A. barber’s chair C. pedicure chair
B. ottoman D. stool
11. Nail polish has the tendency to thicken. In order to ease applying evenly, it would be
better to_____.
A. pull out the nail polish brush.
B. turn bottle upside- down
C. roll nail polish bottle between palm.
D. shake it well.
12.How many stroke will you do when applying base and top coat nail polish ?
A. 1 C. 3
B. 2 D. 4
13. If your nails are yellow or stained, which will help to whiten them ?
A. alcohol C. hand lotion
B. drop of lemon D. hydrogen peroxide
14.Cosmetics are substance used to enhance the appearance of the human body. The 27
following are cosmetics EXCEPT_____.
A. astringent C. lotion
B. lipstick D. perfume
15. In hearing mass, it is also necessary to look your best, so it is also proper to wear_____
make –up.
A. evening C. photographic
B. ordinary D. theatrical
16. If you want to draw more attention on the eyelid and under eyebrow, which of these
will you use ?
A. Blush on C. Eye shadow
B. Eyeliner D. Eyelash extension
17. You are going in an exclusive date, unfortunately you have intense blemishes on
your face. What could better hide these imperfections?
A. Concealer C. Foundation
B. Face powder D. Mascara
18. What could make your checkbone appear more defined ?
A. blush-on C. face powder
B. bronzer D. glitter
19. Considering that your eyebrow gone out of shape. What will you do in case you
wanted to retain the proper shape?
A. apply eyebrow pencil
B. eyebrow arching
C. gently apply eye shadow
D. use foundation cream
20. What can an eyeliner do to the eyes ?
A. It makes eyes look smaller.
B. It makes eyes look larger.
C. It makes eyes look appear thinner
D. it can makes eyes beautiful.
21. If you have large full lips, how will you apply lipstick?
A. Shade color at side lips.
B. Keep corner lips round
C. Apply lipstick inside of lip line
D. Apply the entire lips with light color of lipstick
22.Which of the following is classified as lanugo hair ?
A. Eyelashes C. Hair on the head
B. Hair at the forehead D. Soles
23. How long will you subject hair to inflared lamp after the application of scalp product
for hot oil treatment ?
A. 5 minutes C. 15 minutes
B. 10 minutes D. 20 minutes
24. The following are formal hairstyle EXCEPT______.
A. brush –up C. layered
B. chignon D. petals
25. What type of make-up will you use if you play the role of witch in a play ?
A. day make-up C. photographic make-up
B. evening make-up D. theatrical make-up 28
Part III Enhancing Test Taking Skills
1.When your nails have nail polish, it Is important to remove this first before proceeding
to other procedure of manicuring or pedicuring. How will you do this ?
A. Moisten a piece of cotton with water and press on the nail.
B. Bring cotton with cuticle remover from the tip of the nail to its base.
. C. Press firmer the cotton with cuticle remover on the nail.
D. Press cotton with cuticle remover from the base of the nail to its tip.
2.You wanted to shape your fingernails, which of these tools will you use ?
A. emery board C. nail cutter
B. orangewood stick D. tweezer
3.The following are materials and cosmetics in giving hot oil treatment EXCEPT____.
A. conditioner C. heating caps
B. hot oil D. tonic
4. Which of the following materials should not be missed to facilitate winding /
A. curlers C. roller clip
B. end papers D. setting lotion
5. The following are tools for haircutting EXCEPT____.
A. hair shaping scissor C. straight razor
B. thinning shears D. water sprayer
6. The kind of facial manipulation that slide the finger to center of forehead then slide
finger with slight pressure towards the temple and rotate is called____.
A. chin movement C. circular movement
B. linear movement D. stroking movement
7. Which of the following practice should be avoided ?
A. File nails only in one direction going to the center.
B. File nails when it is dry.
C. Chipped polish is smoothen with nail buffer.
D. File nails after a shower.
8. For better upkeep of face muscles ____ motion is used to remove cleansing cream.
A. downward C. sideward and upward
B. inward and sideward D. upward and outward
9. Before doing the plain facial which of these procedures is done first ?
A. apply emollient cream C. cleanse the face
B. analyze the skin D. remove cleansing cream
10.The kind of hair setting that can be used for setting the entire heads or turning ends
upward or forward is called_____ setting.
A. clip C. pin curls
B. curler D. roller
11.If you see that the distance between your two eyes is wider than the size of your eye what
remedy can you do?
A. Draw the eyebrows wide apart.
B. Draw the eyebrows close together.
C. Apply darker shades of eye shadow at the outer corner and fade out at the inner
Corner.
D. Apply lighter shades of eye shadow at the inner corner and fade out at the outer
corner
12.The part of the body that has no hair growth is ____.
A. eyebrow C. legs
B. head D. palm
13. This is a solvent containing acetone to thin out the nail polish when thickened. 29
A. nail drier C. nail strengthener
B. nail polisher D. nail whitener
14. What cosmetic protects the nail polish and minimizes the chipping or cracking of the
colored polish ?
A. base coat C. nail polish
B. nail drier D. top coat
15. Unintentionally the tissues surrounding the nails got minor injuries, what will you
apply ?
A. antiseptic C. emollient cream
B. alcohol D. hydrogen peroxide
16.To remove old polish on the nails the absorbent cotton should have____
A. cuticle remover C. emollient cream
B. cuticle oil D. solvent
17.What is the description of half moon design in manicure ?
A. There is a white nail polish left at the tip of the nail.
B. There is half moon design on the nail.
C. Half of the nail is with top coat
D. There is white nail polish left at the base of the nail.
18. After the top coal is completely dry, apply hand lotion with light manipulation.What
direction is followed ?
A. Apply lotion over the hands to all fingertips.
B. Apply lotion all over the hands and arms.
C. Apply lotion over the hands from wrists to fingertips
D. Apply lotion over the hands and palm.
19. What is used for cutting toenails ?
A. nail clipper C. nipper
B. nail cutter D. tweezer
20. What cosmetic is used together with eyelashes to make them appear fuller, thicker,
darker and longer ?
A. blush on C. eye shadow
B. eyeliner D. mascara
21. Hair is composed of protein substance called Keratin which is also present in all horny
growth such as the following EXCEPT____.
A. claws C. nails
B. hoofs D. palm
22. The father and the son have the same color of hair, its strength and texture .
because it depends on _____.
A. environment effect C. physical manipulation
B. hereditary qualities D. physical growth
23. Brushing the hair is always a part of a scalp treatment for the following reason
EXCEPT_____
A. It straighten the hair.
B. stimulate the scalp
C. remove dust and dirt from the hair
D. give the hair added luster
24. Which of these tools is used to remove the fine hair near the skin?
A. clipper C. straight razor
B. Hair shaping scissors D. thinning shears
25.What fingers are usually used when cutting hair using hair shaping scissors / 30
A. Middle and ring finger C. Ring finger and small finger
B. Thumb and middle finger D. Index and middle finger
KEY TO CORRECTION
Part II Part III
1. C 1. D
2. A 2. A
3. C 3. C
4. B 4. B
5. D 5. D
6. C 6. D
7. C 7. D
8. B 8. C
9. B 9. B
10. B 10. B
11. C 11. C
12.B 12. D
13.B 13. B
14. A 14. D
15.B 15. A
16.C 16. A
17.A 17. D
18.A 18. C
19.B 19. A
20.C 20. D
21.C 21. D
22.B 22. B
23.A 23. A
24.C 24. C
25. D 25. D