The History

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The History (Hx) The relevant system(s) - positives AND negatives.

The first sentence (rehearse 20 times): The other systems - positive findings ONLY.
Name,
Age, Summary
(Occupation),
(Ethnicity), Investigation (Ix)
Sex, Bedside (dipstick urine; peak air flow meter)
Presenting complaint. Bleed - Haem (FBP, coag), Biochem (U+E, LFT, TFT, Glucose, Cholesterol), Special (PSA,
cultures, cardiac enzymes(3 days) )
Section 1: Imagery (eg. ECG, CXR, AXR, ECHO, CT)
HPC - include history of the whole relevant system, including risk factors. Invasive (fine needle biopsies, ERCP)
Symptoms = PQRST EAR:
Position Management (Dependent on Hx)
Quality Diagnosis = Hx + Ex + Ix
Radiation Sieve: TIN MAIDENS = Trauma, Infection, Neoplasm, Metabolic, Alcohol/Autoimune,
Severity Iatrogenic/Idiopathic, Degenerate, Endocrine, Neurological, Smoking
Timing (Onset, Duration, Does it come and go?) Management = Diagnosis + Rx
Exacerbating factors
Alleviating factors Treatment (Rx):
Related Symptoms Conservitive
PMHx Medical
Surgery
Section 2:
DHx - *ALLERGIES* From Dr Smith:
SHx = SWARM (Smoking+Alcohol, Work, Accomodation, Relatives, Money) (or "A Mars a Set scene: Age/Occupation
Day Helps you Work (job, income), Rest (home, family) and Play (smoking, alcohol & HPC: Red flags
hobbies)" ) Start
Progression
Section 3: Relevant Systemic Questions: Resp, CVS
FHx PMHx: relevant at top
ROS - Other systems: Drugs *Allergies*
BMJ TRADES CD = BP(hypertension), MI, Jaundice, TB, Rheumatic fever, Asthma, SHx: *ADLs*, social support, smoking, alcohol, occupation
Diabetes, Epilepsy, Stroke, Clots, Duodenal ulcer. FHx
Always: Weight loss, appetide. SQ
Resp: SOB (+ distance can walk), wheeze, cough, sputum (+colour, how much), haemoptysis.
CVS: Pain, palpitations (+tap rhythm), hypo/hypertension, orthnopea (how many pillows),
PND, ankle swelling.
Abd: Pain, dsyphagia, indigestion, vomiting, haematemesis, change in bowel habit,
diarrrohea/constipation, blood in stool.
Geno-uriary: Frequency, nocturia, incontinence, haematuria, bad smell, poor stream,
hesitancy, post micturation dribbling.
In female: pregancies, heavy periods, intermenstrual bleeding, recurrent abortions, premature
menopause.
Nervous: Fits, faints, visual disturbances, severe headaches, parathesia, memory loss,
weakness, coordination.
General: Skin problems, arthritis.

The Examination (Ex)


General appearance - including oxygen mask, nebs, etc.
BP, Pulse, Temp, RR.
JACCOL (Jaundice, Anaemia, Cyanosis, Clubbing, Oedema, Lympadenopathy).

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