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Key Factor Analysis: Coaches Course Level 1 Techniques
Key Factor Analysis: Coaches Course Level 1 Techniques
Charts:
• Fundamental Skills
• Basic Acrobatics
• Wrestling Techniques
V 1.0.0
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Rue du Château, 6, 1804 Corsier-sur-Vevey, Switzerland
T. 0041 21 312 84 26 F. 0041 21 312 84 27 unitedworldwrestling.org
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INDEX
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1.1 What KEY FACTOR ANALYSIS (KFA) is?
The Key Factor Analysis (KFA) it’s a tool used nowadays for relationship between the bodies of the fighters, a combat
obtaining the key aspects situation, etc. It also contrasts with videos where the
most important that action was not successful, establishing whether the
determine the success of a common factor was absent, suggesting that this is a key
tactic or a technique in factor.
opposition sports, from ball 3. List of the key factors. Common aspects in successful
sports to combat sports. cases, and absent in unsuccessful cases are listed and
Being considered essential described for each action studied.
for the effective execution of 4. Creation of working documents, that summarize the
plays and technical findings of the KFA, same as have two main applications:
movements, the main
application of the results of a) Technical charts, listing the factors as keywords that
the KFA is the use of the key help simplify the intervention of the coaches with their
factors in the teaching-learning process and even in high students to spend less time in the instructions and
performance training. feedback to students, increasing their effectiveness to
be as close as possible to the real situation in
The KFA involves a process of 4 phases: competition.
b) Check lists, useful in evaluating athletes during the
1. Determination of "action models" to study. It is execution of movements, ideal for the use of video
movements and actions used in competition. A library of analysis as a tool for tracking the athletes themselves
video is created with several examples of the same and even for the analysis of the strengths and
successful action, executed by different athletes. weaknesses of potential opponents (scouting).
Statistical analysis is the main tool to determine the
movements to study. The technical charts contained in this document for the technical
2. Video-Analysis. The action sequence described, looking program Coaches Course Level 1 of the United World Wrestling
for common factors among the different versions of the were made by implementing the steps described above.
same technique, for example, a position, a particular
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1.2 DISCOVERY GAMES
Discovery Games are based on a modern teaching model for sports The initial step is the very first approach to the game, which involves
known as “Teaching Games for Understanding” (“TGfU”). In this model, a wrestling related situation. The coach asks learners to meet a target
games are used for facilitate and guide the apprentice thinking. The without guide them how, a trial. Once the apprentice has experienced
Discovery Games approach implies three steps as follows: the task, the second step implies that the coach pauses to help students
analyze what happened and, through questions, get students approach
the technical solution. Immediately apprentices play again (step c.),
•Organize the game (keep safety) now with technical guidance from the analysis.
a. PLAY A GAME, •Introduce the goal of the game
FIRST TIME •Provide as less information as possible As wrestling is a sport where the competitor must be able to make
about how to succeed the game decisions in fractions of a second, this methodological approach is
optimal for learners to become actively involved in their own learning
of the fundamentals of wrestling, as well as enriching the game itself
•Using questions to get the players with the addition of questions, which promote the participation and
b. PAUSE FOR inferring the key factors to succeed
integration of the student to the group.
GUIDED the game
DISCOVERY •Ask players to play again using what
they discovered
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1.3 TEACHING OF BASIC ACROBATICS (Pages 20 to 24)
In this document, there have been added charts for the teaching of 5 basic acrobatic elements. Teaching acrobatics with proper technique, in a
progressive way and taking care the safety of the participants is also a key point in the United World Wrestling programs, such as Wrestle Right,
therefore it has huge importance in this document.
The teaching steps are progressive methodological proposals. The coach can also use other resources (equipment or other exercises) based on his/her
experience and availability of equipment. However for the Level 1 Course Evaluation, participants will be requested to use at least the suggested
steps, being able to implement alternative steps.
Each chart has the following elements:
1) Name of the movement
2) Pictures of the key points
3) List of the key points
4) Listed exercises of the teaching progression
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1.4 HOW TO USE KEY FACTOR ANALYSIS CHARTS OF WRESTLING TECHNIQUE (pages 25 to 36)
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○ Mention the Key Phrase of the point that the coach
The coach asks: (Q.) What ties am I using to make CONTACT? wants to explain. The Key Point and the Key Phrase
Answer from the learners (A.) Head and elbow tie indicate “what to do” (e.g. “The first Key Point is
CONTACT AND PRESSURE”), showing all the elements
Q. Which is the height of my stance when I make PRESSURE? surrounding the Key point (e.g. Collar and elbow tie,
A. Medium stance medium stance, right foot steps forward, head to head
contact) without giving details of all of those.
Q. Which must be the position of the feet when making
PRESSURE?
A. Staggered, one forward and one back ○ Emphasize the technical details and link them to the
Key Phrase: The technical details indicate “how to do
Q. ¿Why is that useful? it”. It is recommended to make this through the use of
A. To stay in balance when making PRESSURE question. Examples:
This first two tasks are closely linked to achieve the
INTRODUCTION OF A NEW TECHNIQUE in a brief and clear Repeat procedure c) with the next Key point, and so on.
way that promotes active thinking of the learners.
d) Summarize and Review Key Points by the use of
The following are examples steps of the procedure: questions (once the whole explantion ended):
a) Name the technique (e.g. “I am going to show you the ○ Ask for the Key Point (e.g.. Q. “Wich was the fisrt Key
Snap”). Point?” A. “Contact and pressure”).
b) Demonstrate the complete movement (it is the coach who ○ Ask for the details using the Word “HOW” (e.g.. Q.
decides how many times and from how many different angles “How we make this CONTACT?” Allow several learners
he/she is going to show in order to get one general image of to answer: A. “With collar and elbow tie, medium
the movement) stance, one foot steps forward so we don´t loose
balance when pushing”.
c) Break down the technique into Key Points:
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TASK 3: Use positive feedback when detecting technical
mistakes while learners try new techniques or parts of them. Two
columns have been set on the right side of each chart, this will
help coaches change the way they deliver information when they
detect a technical “mistake”. The two columns are used in
sequence as follows:
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FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS & ACROBATICS
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2.1 STANDING STANCE AND MOTION
KEY POINTS:
DISCOVERY GAMES
Game Skill Key Points Organization, Equipment Task Questions to find the solution
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2.2 BREAKING STANCE (tie-ups, pressure, feet alignment)
KEY POINTS:
• Every tie-up has to be done for a concrete goal (pressure, to
block, to pull, raise the opponent’s stance, etc.)
• Pressure: keep own balance by an optimum wide base
• Pull: get pressure back, then pull
• “Triangle Principle” to get unbalanced the opponent: make
pressure or pull the opponent to the far corner of a triangle
which base is the imaginary line which connects both feet of
the opponent.
• Feet alignment: “Parallel” and “V”
DISCOVERY GAMES
Game Skill Key Points Organization, Equipment Task Questions to find the solution
Q. What made it hard to balance while
being snapped?
“One partner must stay in A. When they use the triangle principle
Recognizing the triangle
Using the • Pairs stance while the other must and pulled from base
principle, creating a
Triangle balanced stance
• Open space to move try to snap opponent to break Q. What stance was most effective against
position” getting snapped?
A. Staggered stance
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2.3 CHANGING LEVELS
KEY POINTS:
DISCOVERY GAMES
Game Technical Goal Organization, Equipment Basic command Questions between playing times
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2.4 PENETRATION
KEY POINTS:
• Start changing levels properly
• Keep head up or recover the head up as soon as possible when
starting to shot (i.e. Duck Under)
• Look for control opponent’s hips by pushing either forwards or
sideways using own head or shoulders, or by control torso and
waist (this last often seen in Greco-Roman).
• FS: Leg grips may vary, from close to the hips to lower single.
• Feet location and movements before and during the penetration
are aimed to prevent the opponent snapping or sprawling
successfully.
DISCOVERY GAMES
Game Technical Goal Organization, Equipment Basic command Questions between playing times
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2.5 LIFTING
KEY POINTS:
DISCOVERY GAMES
Game Technical Goal Organization, Equipment Basic command Questions between playing times
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2.6 PAR-TERRE POSITIONS (Attack, Defense)
KEY POINTS:
Bottom Wrestler on referees position:
• Wide base
• Head up, hips down
• Watch for own elbows (total lock out)
Defense, laying down:
• Main support through the abdomen
• Arms in front and wide (“Like a Y”), slightely bent
• Head up
Top position (offense):
• In contact with defender´s back
• His/her position must prevent a counter attack
• Ready to apply a technique
DISCOVERY GAMES
Game Technical Goal Organization, Equipment Basic command Questions between playing times
• Pairs • Against the clock, bottom wrestler • How can we control the bottom
• Mantain control in top
Escape from tries to stand, he/she wins if they wrestler and keep him/her down
position
• The opponent on take off their hand and knees from the mat)
the bottom • Prevent a counter
his/her hand and knees, the mat. • How must the top wrestlet set
attack because of wrong
the offensive wrestler • Bottom wrestler is allowed to his/her feet to prevent being
posture
aside and on top escape grabbing top wrestler’s legs counter attacked by the legs?
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2.7 GO BEHIND
KEY POINTS:
DISCOVERY GAMES
Organization,
Game Technical Goal Basic command Questions between playing times
Equipment
Pairs Starting at the whistle and always Q. How did you achieve control of
making contact with the bear, the the opponent while being in
The bear on tripod offensive wrestler tries to go behind motion?
Use the arms to control position (knees of the by grabbing the waist of the bear to A. By short choppy steps and
Spinning the movement of the mat) the offensive win a point. The bear wins in case making constant pressure over the
bear opponent and achieve wrestler in front and on that the partner looses contact. opponent
going behind top, chest making Q: What could you do to limit the
pressure over the Safety: Pairs must be matched freedom of motion of the bear?
opponents shoulder according skill, strenght and level of A. Use our arms to control
blades experience. his/her hip or legs
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2.8 SPRAWL, WHIZZER, EVADE (Fundamentals of Leg Defense)
KEY POINTS:
• Sprawl: The feet are thrown back, the chest goes down in a
straight line even a little back. Wrestler keeps looking in front.
Support the instep to the mat if the opponent reaches the leg.
• Whizzer: With an overhook tie control the near arm of the
opponent and make pressure down. The other arm can attack
the head or the far arm. Good balance is required in standig
position.
• Evade: In the moment of throwing the foot back, move slightly
to the side and create an angle to counter attack.
DISCOVERY GAMES
Organization, Questions between playing
Game Technical Goal Basic command
Equipment times
Q. How did you achieve taking
down your partner?
A. Having a higher stance tan
Starting one wrestler from
him
Seatbelt/Whizzer Whizzer, waist waist control and the other
Pairs Q. How did you avoid being
Whose gonna win? control from whizzer, which athlete
taken down?
will take his partner down?
A. Using the tie to keep him/her
close and feel when he/she was
approaching
Q. How did you know when to
The participants are set around sprawl?
in a circle, one of them stays in A. When the Med Ball was close
Execute the sprawl the center and rolls the ball enough
MedBall Sprawl and correct timing
MedBall and space
towards them, the athlete must Q. What made easier making the
sprawl to stop the medball sprawl?
without using his/her hands A. Kepping a low stance and
being focused.
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2.9 DANGER POSITION CONTROL
KEY POINTS:
DISCOVERY GAMES
Organization, Questions between playing
Game Technical Goal Basic command
Equipment times
At the whistle both athletes
have 20 seconds to win: Q. How did you prevent your
Pairs, wrestling mat,
partner lying down?
open space to move.
Use the whole body to Top wrestler must prevent that A. Making pressure over
make pressure down the partners turns lying down, his/her chest, moving with
One partner lying on
Pin the opponent the opponent and
his back the other on
he/she can do several ties, him/her
keep him/her in grips and change gis position. Q. How can we make more
top (sideways) with
danger position pressure?
chest to chest contact
Bottom wrestler wins if he/she A. Lifting our knees from the
without any grip
can lay down before the 20 mat
seconds count.
One partner lying on At the first whistle, both Q. How did you prevent your
Control the opponent his back the other on wrestlers spin to certain side, partner lying down?
in danger position in top (facing each at the second whistle both have A. Staying focused, reacting
Scape from danger the best possible other) with chest to 10 seconds to try to control the quicly to the whistle, lifting
position chest contact both danger position or escape from the knees from the mat and
hugging each other. it. spreading out the feet.
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2.10 BACK ARCH AND BRIDGE
KEY POINTS:
• Back Arch: the head guides the motion, hips drive up
and forward.
• Bridge: complete support over the sole, to ensure
movility (escapes, finish Gut Wrench), as early as
possible get use to bringe without the help of the
hands, over the forehead or ver the top of the head.
DISCOVERY GAMES
Organization, Questions between playing
Game Technical Goal Basic command
Equipment times
Q. How did you achieve making
One partner holds the hand of
the bridge and touching the mat
the other, while the last tries
with the head?
to complete a back bridge.
Brinde, grip strenght, A. Driving the hips up and
Bridge with a partner balance
Pairs Safety: The partner who holds
forward
the hand of the other controls
Q. How did you achieve the
the body weight of his/her
complete arch of your back?
partner on his way down.
A. Looking over the head
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3.1 FRONT ROLL
KEY POINTS
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3.2 BACK ROLL
KEY FACTORS
• Squat position
• Hips makes contact with the
mat
• Fluent backwards motion
• Hands over the head, arms
push to recover
• Knees off the mat
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3.3 SHOULDER ROLL
KEY POINTS
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3.4 CARTWHEEL
KEY POINTS
3) Cartwheel (alone)
2) Cartwheel assisted
1) Hand stand (assisted)
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3.5 HEADSTAND
KEY POINTS
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STANDING BASIC TECHNIQUES
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4.1 SNAP & GO BEHIND – KFA
KEY FACTOR Questioning (examples) If the learner is… …use these positive Feedback:
10. Pressure towards the opponent we pass when going behind? - Going behind far from the opponent - Keep making pressure when
11. FS: Grab the near leg A. As closer as possible, making when circle going behind
12. Go behind to score 2 points pressure
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4.2 DOUBLE LEG – KFA
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4.2 DOUBLE LEG - Didactic Suggestions
SNAP DEFENSE
• Forgetting to Snap before the shot • “Make him/her rise the stance,
1. Collar & elbow tie Q: Why is it good to combine the Snap with
now the second snap do it while
Set-up
stance
4. Release ties to reach double leg allow him/her rise the stance”
5. Stand up with wide feet • Getting up with the hips high,
Q. Why is it important to get up from the
6. Strong upper body position, low losing the straight position of the • “Keep your hips low like
double leg with the hips low?
hips torso squatting”
A. To avoid a counter attack
DRIVE SIDEWAYS
A. To break the balance of the opponent at • Holding the far hip, instead of the • “Hold the far leg to make him
7. Hold the far leg
the moment of driving in an angle. far leg fall”
8. Step out of the far leg to block
it
Q. What might happen if we do not make • Forgetting to continue the action • “Make sure to keep your
9. Head pushes sideways
pressure through the opponent’s at the moment of the takedown shoulder in his/her belly until
10. Hold doublé leg to control
abdomen? (the 4 points score is missed) getting the 4 points score”
11. Keep pressure over the belly
A. It is easier for the opponent to turn
towards the mat
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4.3 ARM DRAG TAKEDOWN – KFA
KEY FACTOR Questioning (examples) If the learner is… …use these positive Feedback:
CONTACT & PRESSURE Q. Why do we need to push? • “Make sure that the opponent
1. Wrists tie-ups A. To make the opponent push back pushes back”
• Not receiving any push from his/her
2. Head to head contact and then make the drag easier
opponent
Set-up
ARM DRAG • Using his hands in the opposite way • “Drag the arm of the same side of
Q. Which arm can you attack?
5. Exchange hands to arm drag (grabbing the wrist of the far side) your attack”
A. The arm near to my lead leg
6. Drag to the top corner of
the triangle • Running around the opponent • “Make your opponent move making
Attack
DRIVE putting the knees on the mat • “By pulling and pushing correctly,
Finish /
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4.4 SINGLE LEG TO CIRCLE - KFA
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4.4 SINGLE LEG TO CIRCLE - Didactic Suggestions
KEY FACTOR Questioning (examples) If the learner is… …use these positive Feedback:
ARM DRAG SET UP
Set-up
1. Same set up for arm drag (head to Q. Which set-up will we use? • Forgetting to make the set- • “Make sure to do the set-up,
head, wrist control, “V” feet A. The same used for the arm. drag up before the shot”
position, etc.)
• “Pull the arm and level change
• Pulling the arm without level at the same time”
DRAG TO SINGLE LEG Q. How should the arm drag be
change
2. By changing levels, drag the arm to performed?
• “Step forward when you change
clear ties A. Using the level change
• Forgetting to step forward levels”
3. At the same time, step out of the
and capture the leg
attacked leg Q: Why is it useful to maintain the head
Attack
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4.5 DUCK UNDER TAKE DOWN – KFA
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4.5 DUCK UNDER TO TAKE DOWN - Didactic Suggestions
putting the knees on the mat before • “Apply constant pressure and
Finish /
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PAR-TERRE TECHNIQUE
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5.1 HALF NELSON - KFA
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5.1 HALF NELSON – Didactic Suggestions
KEY FACTOR Questioning (examples) If the learner is… …use these positive Feedback:
HALF NELSON • Doing the Half Nelson by the • “Put your elbow as close as
Q. What might happen if we do the
1. Get opponent’s head down armpit possible to the opponet´s elbow”
Set-up
down?
4. Push using the legs to turn
A. Pushing him/her with the legs • Not making pressure over the
over the opponent • “Maintain chest to chest contact
(knees do not touch the mat) opponent
while turning down your
opponent”
• Moving to the wrong side or • “Reset your posture and push with
Q. Which is the best way to end with ending with the belly over the your chest from the begining to
the head in control? opponent´s chest, or ending the end of the turn”
Transition
PINNING
Finish /
A. Having the arm all around the head with his/her own head in the
5. Deep head control
and lifting at the same time, while mat. • “while turning down your
6. Heavy hips, wide feet
maintaining the body weight over opponent, go all around his/her
the opponent's chest • Losing the grip to the head head and lift it, keeping your
elbow close to your body”
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5.2 FAR ARM TURN OVER – KFA
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5.2 FAR ARM TURN OVER- Didactic Suggestions
KEY FACTOR Questioning (examples) If the learner is… …use these positive Feedback:
LOCKING FAR ARM Q. What might happen if we pull the • Holding the arm below the elbow • “Hold the far arm between the elbow
1. Lock far arm with both hands, far arm by the forearm? and the shoulder”
Set-up
over the elbow A. The pull will not be effective, • Leaving his/her chest over the
2. Chest to the side of the torso because the opponent might be opponent´s back, making difficult • “Lower your chest by the side of the
3. Pull the far arm able to bend his elbow and put to reach the far arm. opponent, that way you will reach the
4. Push forward away his arm. far arm”
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5.3 FRONT HEAD WITH UNDERHOOK TURN OVER - KFA
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5.3 FRONT HEAD WITH UNDERHOOK TURN OVER - Didactic Suggestions
KEY FACTOR Questioning (examples) If the learner is… …use these positive Feedback:
• “Close the gap between your arm and
Underhook and Head Control • Making a loose tie to the head, opening
Q. How do we control the head? your body, in order to control the
1. Underhook (blocking the arm) space for a counter attack (Duck Under)
Set-up
4. Rotational movement to get the the opponent? one side” (the coach can point out the
• Stopping the pressure down to the head
opponent down A. Back and to one side spot where the partner must land)
when making the turn
PINNING A. Having the arm all around the ending with his/her own head in the
Finish /
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5.4 ARM & BODY LOCK GUTWRENCH - KFA
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5.4 ARM & BODY LOCK GUTWRENCH - Didactic Suggestions
KEY FACTOR Questioning (examples) If the learner is… …use these positive Feedback:
Q. Which is the best point to lock the
ARM & BODY LOCK arm? • Locking the arm close to the • “Lock the arm close to the elbow
1. Look for get the arm by over the A. Close to the elbow shoulder for better control”
Set-up
elbow •
2. When locking the arm & body, Q. Which is the position of the head • Facing to the landing side of • “Before the turn, face to the
face the other side before the turn? the turn opposite side”
A. Facing to the opposite side of the turn
COME BACK TO THE CONTROL ON feet to recover top control position? • Turning over his/her abdomen
Finish /
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5.5 FRONT HEAD LOCK TO GO BEHIND - KFA
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5.5 FRONT HEAD LOCK TO GO BEHIND - - Didactic Suggestions
KEY FACTOR Questioning (examples) If the learner is… …use these positive Feedback:
3. Charge all the weight over the Q. Which part of our arm should lock the
opponent, knees not touching the opponent’s arm? • Covering the opponent´s head
• “Push the head of the opponent
mat A. With the forearm, palm of the hand up. with the arm but not with the
with your chest”
4. Force the opponent’s arm forwards chest
to lost contact with the mat Q. Where should be the head of the
5. Chest covers the head opponent?
A. Under our chest
down go behind”
7. Take the opponent to flat position
Q. How can we achieve going behind? • Going behind far away from
8. Go behind getting pressure over
A. Making constant pressure to the opponent the opponent • “Keep constant pressure while
the opponent
with our body going behind”
Transition
Q. Why we must release the head at the • Controling the head of the
Finish /
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