Impact Load Calculation

A. As per IRS: Bridge Rule

Coefficient of Dynamic Augmentation (Same as Impact factor) depends on the span length and is
given by

CDA=0.15+ ( 6+8 L )
But, the validation of this relation is valid only with the trains moving with speeds up to 160
Kmph.

B. As per Spanish IAPF 2006 Code

Impact factor is given by the expression,
1.44
ɸ 2= +0.82
√ Lɸ −0.2
Where Lɸ =Characterstic length of Viaduct .
The validation of this expression depends on following conditions,
a) Upper speed limit should not be greater than 220 Kmph.
b) The frequency of viaduct should be in between the upper and lower bound.
f min =2.73 Hz and f max =6.23 Hz
For the trains moving with speed greater than 220 Kmph, a complete and specific dynamic
analysis of structure in high seed lines is required. From the results of analysis, the impact
coefficient ɸ is obtained and compared with ɸ2. Maximum of two is considered for design.
δ idin, rel
''
ɸ=(1+0.5 ɸ )
δ est ,tipo
where,
δ idin, rel =Max . movement obtained for thei ' thtrain .
δ est , tipo=Movement obtained statically using the train defined∈IAPF 200 6
ɸ' ' =Cefficient related with tracking irregularitis

C. As per SNCF Document (French National Railway Company)

For the trains running below 220 Kmph,
1.44
ɸ 2= +0.82
√ Lɸ −0.2
1.0< ɸ2 <1.67
L} rsub {ɸ} ¿ is the characteristic length depending on the span length and distribution, the
deck structural element.
For trains running with speed > 220 Kmph,
 δ dyn
ɸr =max ( )
δ sta
D. As per UIC (The International Union of Railways)

K
ɸ' =
1−K + K 4

λ
K=
2 Lɸ

v
λ=
f0

L} rsub {ɸ} ¿ is the equivalent span of the element under study, v is the train speed and
f} rsub {0} ¿ is the first natural frequency of deck vibration.

δ sta,real
ɸ ≥ max ⁡(1+ ɸ' +ɸ' ' )
δ sta ,UIC 71

E. As per Japanese Code,

ɸ=( 1+i α ) ( 1+i c )

V Lb
i α =Impact factor for speed effect where iα =f ( ,
n Lb L v )
10
i c =Impact fac t∨for vehicle motion where i c =
65+ Lb

V =Maximum velocity of Train( Kmph)

n = Fundamental frequency of viaduct

Lb=Span of viaduct

Lv =Length of Vehicle

As per IRS: Bridge Rule, the value of Impact factor is found to be 40.8%. The NHSRL report does not
provide the direct value of i α therefore, the impact percentage considered to be 40% in the present
study.

Therefore, Live Load intensity with CDA = 153.8 KN/m.