Swami Vivekanand institute of Engineering

and technology, Banur

“ TRIBOLOGY”
UNIT:- “3RD” ( LUBRICATION)
TOPIC:- “ LUBRICATION AND ITS TYPES”
NAME:- “BASHIR AHMAD“
SEMESTER:- “2ND ”
ROLL NO:- “1933971”
LUBRICATION AND
ITS TYPES
WHAT IS LUBRICATION?

• Lubrication is the process or techniques

employed to reduce wear of one or both
surfaces in close proximity and moving
relative to each other, by interposing a
substance called lubricant between the
surfaces to help carry the load between them
CLASSIFICATION OF LUBRICANTS

• On the basis of its physical state , we can classify

lubricants as follows

solids liquids
lubricants
Semi syntheti
solid c
WHY LUBRICATION IS NEEDED?

• Friction / wear
• Heat generation
• Increase life of machinery
• Reduce energy consumption
• Material protection
• sealing
TYPES OF LUBRICATION
• Considering the nature of motion between moving or sliding
surfaces, there are different types or mechanisms by which the
lubrication is done, they are:
• 1. hydrodynamics or thick film lubrication
• 2. hydrostatic lubrication.
• 3. Elastohydrodynamics lubrication
• 4. boundary or thin film lubrication
• 5. mixed lubrication
• 6.Extreme pressure lubrication.
 1. HYDRODYNAMIC OR THICK
FILM LUBRICATION
• It exists when the moving surfaces are separated by the
pressure of a continuous unbroken film or layer of
lubrication.
• In this type, the load is taken completely by the oil film
• It depends on the relative speed between the surfaces, oil
viscocity , load and clearance between the moving or slidind
surfaces.
APPLICATION OF HYDRODYNAMIC
LUBRICATION:
• Delicate instruments
• Light machines like watches, clocks, guns, sewing
machines.
• Scientific instruments.
• Large plain bearings like pedestal bearings, main
bearing of diesel engine.
2. HYDROSTATIC LUBRICATION

• It is essentially a form of hydrodynamic lubrication

• But the film instead of being self-generated , the
separating pressure is supplied by an external oil
pump
• Hydrostatic lubrication depends on the inlet pressure
of oil and clearance between the surfaces.
 APPLICATION OF HYDROSTATIC
LUBRICATION:
• This type of lubrication is mainly used in the following
areas:
• 1. two stroke engines
• 2. bigger machines
 3. ELASTOHYDRODYNAMICS
LUBRICATION
• Is developed in heavily loaded rolling contacts.
• The contacting surfaces is elastically deformed ,
distributing the load over a greater area.
• High pressure results in increasing viscosity of
lubricant, which improves load capacity.
EXAMPLES OF MACHINERY
APPLICATIONS THAT OPERATE UNDER
EHL ARE:

• Rolling elements bearings, gear teeth and cam

contacts (rolling) where high rolling contacts loads
occur.
 4. BOUNDARY OR THIN FILM
LUBRICATION.
• Lubrication film is insufficient to separate the
contacting surfaces.
• The oil film thickness is so small
• Metal to metal contact occurs between the moving
surfaces.
THIS TYPE OF LUBRICATION IS
USED IN THE FOLLOWING AREAS:
• 1. A shaft starts moving from rest.
• 2. the speed is very low
• 3. the load is very high.
• Viscosity of the lubricant is too low.
5. MIXED LUBRICATION :

• Is the transition between Hydrodynamic and Boundary

lubrication.
• Two surfaces are partly separated , partly in contact,
6. EXTREME PRESSURE
LUBRICATION.:
• This lubrication is for very high press, temperature, speed
sliding surfaces.
• Extreme pressure additives are used along with the
lubricants.
• They are activated by reacting with the metal surface
when the temperatures are elevated due to the extreme
pressure and friction.
• Then form solid surface films of (S,CL and P), acts as a
barriers to reduce friction , wear, eliminate the possibility
of welding.