SEMESTER-2 Grade 10 Bil / Biology Assignment

Transforming Energy
Name: ___________________________ Issue Date: 9/4/2020

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Q1. Bacteria are also used in genetic engineering.

Human cell

Bacterium

DNA thread

DNA plasmid

chromosomes
5

in nucleus
2
isolated

plasmids

isolated

insulin gene
7
8

production of insulin

Fig. 1.1

Complete the table below by identifying one of the stages shown in Fig. 1.1 that matches
each description.

number of
description of the stage

the stage

the plasmids are removed from the bacterial cell

a chromosome is removed from a healthy human cell

plasmids are returned to the bacterial cell

restriction endonuclease enzyme is used

bacterial cells are allowed to reproduce in a fermenter

[5]
 Q2. Diabetics are unable to control their blood glucose levels naturally.

Human insulin can now be made using bacteria that have been genetically engineered.

Insulin is a protein. Suggest why insulin has to be injected rather than taken by mouth.

[2]

Explain how bacteria can be genetically engineered and used to make human insulin.

[4]

[Total: 6]