ANALYSIS OF NANO FLUIDS USING

PARABOLLIC SOLAR COLLECTOR

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by
PANDYA DHRUV P. (130550119022)
DHRUVKUMAR PATEL (130550119023)

PARWANI HITENDRA G. (130550119063)

DHARTIBEN THAKAR (130550119120)
Guided By
Mr. RIKESH PATEL
(Asst. Prof Mechanical Department)
In fulfilment for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Engineering College Tuwa

Gujarat Technological University, Ahmadabad.
October, 2016

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 ENGINEERING COLLEGE, TUWA
Mechanical Engineering Department

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “ANALYSIS OF NANO FLUID

USING PARABOLIC SOLAR COLLECTOR” has been carried out by Dhruv Pandya,
Dhruvkumar Patel, Parwani Hitendra , Dhartiben Thakar under my guidance in
fulfilment of the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT 7th
semester of Gujarat Technical University, Ahmedabad during the academic year 2016-17.

Date:

Mr. Rikesh Patel. Mr. Irfan Mulla

Guide Head of Department
Assistant Professor Assistant Professor
Mechanical Department Mechanical Department
Engineering College Tuwa. Engineering College Tuwa.

Seal of Institute

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CERTFICATE…………………………………………………………………………..ii

PLAGIARISM REPORT……………………………………………………………....iii

TABLE OF CONTENT…………………………………………………………………v

LIST OF FIGURES…………………………………………………………...………..vi

DECLEARATION OF ORIGINALITY……………………………………………...vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…………………………………………………………….viii

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………...............ix

1. INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………….1
1.1 Problem Summary……………………………………………………....……..2
1.2 Objectives of the Project……………………………………….……………...2
1.3 Problem Specifications………………………………………………………...2
1.4 Literature Review……………………………………………………………...4
1.5 Plan of this Work……………………………………………………………....31
1.6 materials/Tools/Components required…...…………………………………….32
2. DESIGN ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY………………………………..37
2.1 AEIOU Canvas…………………………………………………………..…..…38
2.2 Empathy Canvas………………………………………………………..………39
2.3 Ideation Canvas…………………………………………………………...…....41
2.4 Product Development Canvas…………………………………………….……42
3. DETAILED DESIGN………………………………………………………...…...43
3.1 Experimental Setup of project……………………………………………….....44
3.2 Design of Parabolic Solar Collector………………………………….……...…45
4. SUMMARY OF THE RESULTS…………………………………………...……48
4.1 Advantages of the Results…………………………………………….…...……49
4.2 Scope of the Future Work…………………………………………….…...……50
4.3 Unique Features of the System……………………………………...……...…..50
SUMMARY………………………………………………………………………………...

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………………….52

APPENDIX-A PERIODIC PROGRESS REPORT……………………………………..

APPENDIX-B PATENT SEARCH & ANALYSIS REPORT………………………….

APPENDIX-C DESIGN ENGINEERING CANVAS…………………………….

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We feel happy to get the opportunity to convey our deep sense of gratitude to all those who
have shared enough knowledge to offer their advice and provide help when needed which has
led to successfully complete our partial report of dissertation.

We extend our sincere thanks to our internal guide Prof. Rikesh Patel for his co-operation.

We also feel proud to all our faculty members of Mechanical Engineering Department with
whose timely helped us when we needed.

We are also thankful to our and each and every person who helped in our difficult times and
last, but not least huge thanks to all the teaching staff of our college and our classmates and
family members who directly or indirectly helped in the successful completion of our project.

Dhruv Pandya (130550119022)

Dhruvkumar Patel (130550119023)

Parwani Hitendra (130550119063)

Dhartiben Thakar (130550119120)

B.E. 4TH YEAR, VII SEM (M.E.)

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 DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY

We hereby certify that we are the sole authors of this Project work and that neither any part of
this Project work nor the whole of the Project work has been submitted for a degree to any
other University or Institution.

We certify that, to the best of our knowledge, the current Project work does not infringe upon
anyone’s copyright nor violate any proprietary rights and that any ideas, techniques,
quotations or any other material from the work of other people included in our project work,
published or otherwise, are fully acknowledged in accordance with the standard referencing
practices. Furthermore, to the extent that we have included copyrighted material that
surpasses the boundary of fair dealing within the meaning of the Indian Copyright
(Amendment) Act 2012, we certify that we have obtained a written permission from the
copyright owner(s) to include such material(s) in the current project work and have included
copies of such copyright clearances to our appendix.

We have checked write up of the present Project work using anti-plagiarism database and it is
in allowable limit. Even though later on in case of any complaint pertaining of plagiarism, we
are sole responsible for the same and we understand that as per UGC norms, University can
even revoke Bachelor of Engineering degree conferred to the student submitting this Project
work.

Pandya Dhruv P. Dhruvkumar Patel Parwani Hitendra Dhartiben Thakar

130550119022 130550119023 130550119063 130550119120

Signature of Guide:
Name of Guide: Prof. Rikesh Patel

Institute Code: 055

Date:

Place: Tuwa

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 LIST OF TABLES

Table 1.1 Data of SEGS III–SEGS VII solar plants in California.......................................8

Table 1.2 Characteristics of SEGS plants I– IX....................................................................9
Table 2.1 AEIOU CANVAS..................................................................................................36
Table 2.2 EMPATHY CANVAS...........................................................................................37
Table 2.3 IDEATION CANVAS...........................................................................................39
Table 2.4 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT CANVAS...........................................................40

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 LISTS OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 Parabolic solar collector applications in Egypt in 1913.....................................6

Figure 1.2 SEGS lll-SEGS Vll solar plant in California.......................................................7
Figure 1.3 Beam Radiation Flux Vs time radiation in Patna in 2013................................21
Figure 1.4 Instantaneous efficiency Vs Thickness of single & double cover....................21
Figure 1.5 Instantaneous Efficiency Vs Mass Flow Rate of single & double cover.........22
Figure 1.6 Basic views to nano fluid.....................................................................................23
Figure 1.7 Different concentrations of Cu nano fluids.......................................................24
Figure 1.8 parabolic solar collectors created in AutoCAD.................................................31
Figure 1.9 Evacuated Tube....................................................................................................31
Figure 1.10 Basic shell and tube heat exchanger.................................................................32
Figure 1.11 Centrifugal pump...............................................................................................33
Figure 1.12 K type (chrome alum) thermocouple...............................................................34
Figure 1.13 Throttle valve.....................................................................................................34
Figure 3.1 Experimental setup .............................................................................................41
Figure 3.2 2D drafting of parabolic solar collector.............................................................45

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 ABSTRACT

In the present era, nanotechnology as an emerging technology can be utilized in combination

with high potential and freebie solar energy for the energy generation. Nanofluids vary in
their properties at different concentration and types of nanofluids.

A nanofluid as a new engineering material consists of nanometer-sized additives (metals, on-

metals and carbides) and base fluids. Common base fluids include water, ethylene glycol and
oil. The nanofluid has the high thermo-physical properties compared to conventional fluids.

Parabolic solar collector is solar harvesting device that may lead to less loss and highly
utilization of solar energy. Solar energy is abundantly available in nature.

The objective of the project is to develop test-rig to study the governing parameters on
convective heat transfer coefficient, thermal conductivity, temperature profile of different
nanofluid material.

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