IMD recently commented ‘Drought became frequent due to continuous failure of

monsoon’. What are the reasons behind it and also discuss different types of
drought?
Drought is related to a deficiency of precipitation over an extended period of time,
usually for a season or more. This deficiency results in a water shortage for some
activity, group, or environmental sector. Drought is also related to the timing of
precipitation. IMD (Indian metrological Department) had recently commented on the
rising issue due to consecutive failure of monsoon which resulted hitting drought
prone area much.

Source: Internet

The reason associated with the occurring of drought are

 The space agencies confirm that due to the vast sketch of pollutants in the
north India, which did not able to make much needed low-pressure belt which
is much needed factor for drought.
 The climate change, global warming, and soil erosion can also be termed as
an effective cause for the drought.
 India being a water rich country, continuously facing the problem of drought
because we are lacking in efficient water management system.
 Human associated factors like over-population, deforestation, over producing
areas to fulfil the demand of population and over-extraction of water for
irrigation purposes causes drought.
 The dry season greatly increases drought occurrence, and is characterized by
its low humidity, with watering holes and rivers drying up.
 The EL-NINO is recent phenomena also added as reason for drought.
The different types of droughts are as follows:

Meteorological Agricultural Hydrological

drought drought drought

Socio-economic
drought

> Meteorological drought: When there is a prolonged time with less than average
precipitation. Meteorological drought usually precedes the other kinds of drought.
> Agricultural drought: It affects crop production or the ecology of the region as a
result of decrease in the soil moisture due to a decrease in the atmospheric moisture
or due to soil erosion triggered by poorly planned agricultural endeavours.
> Hydrological drought: When the ground water reserves available in sources such
as aquifers, lakes and reservoirs fall below the statistical average due to less
precipitation and excessive reliance on surface water for farming, energy and other
needs.
>.Socio-economic drought: It reflects the reduction of availability of food, energy and
drinking water, etc. on account of crop failures or other kind of droughts endangering
food and social security of the people in the affected areas.
The droughts have much socio-economic and environmental consequences.
Therefore, people should adopt effective drought mitigation strategies such as
proper reservoir planning, irrigation and crop rotation and Afforestation etc. In
conclusion it can be said that droughts may be natural but their after effects do
depend on humans. If we take proper steps, we can easily handle them.