INTERNATIONAL ADVANCED LEVEL

CHEMISTRY
MAPPING GUIDE
Pearson Edexcel International Advanced Subsidiary in Chemistry (XCH11)
Pearson Edexcel International Advanced Level in Chemistry (YCH11)
First teaching September 2018
First examination from January 2019
First certification from August 2019 (International Advanced Subsidiary)
and August 2020 (International Advanced Level)
 International Advanced Level Chemistry 2018 - What’s Changed?

Level Topic Spec New content Included Content Not Included in the Implications of the new
Points new specification specification

AS Topic 1 : all Calculations are likely to be less

Formulae, structured
Equations and
Amount of
Substance
AS Topic 1 : 8 Use of the expression Unit conversion will be required with
Formulae, pV=nRT for gases and volatile pV=nRT
Equations and liquids
Amount of
Substance
AS Topic 1 : 11 Core Practical 1 – Measurement of There are four further suggested
Formulae, the molar volume of a gas practicals at the end of this topic
Equations and
Amount of
Substance
AS Topic 2 : 1-5 Greater clarity in terms of
Atomic Structure requirements for structure of the
and the Periodic atom
Table
AS Topic 2 : 6 Ions in a mass spectrometer Describe uses of mass spectrometers
Atomic Structure may have a 2+ charge
and the Periodic
Table
AS Topic 2 : 7 Predict mass spectra of
Atomic Structure diatomic molecules, including
and the Periodic relative peak heights
Table

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AS Topic 2 : 8-17 Greater clarity in terms of
Atomic Structure requirements for ionisation energy and
and the Periodic electronic configuration
Table

AS Topic 2 : 18 First ionisation energy decreases

Atomic Structure down a group
and the Periodic
Table
AS Topic 3A : 6 Effects of ionic radius and charge Now an explicit statement rather
Ionic bonding on ionic bonding than implied

AS Topic 3A : 7 Reasons for trends in ionic Emphasis on understanding such

Ionic bonding radii trends, rather than simply recalling
them

AS Topic 3A : 8-9 All statements related to lattice Understand the meaning of the term
Ionic bonding energies and the Born-Haber cycle polarisation as applied to ions,
have been moved to Unit 4 polarising power of cations and
polarisability of anions are still in Unit 1

AS Topic 3A : A further suggested practical has been

Ionic bonding added on migration of ions

AS Topic 3B : 12 Structures of graphite and Fullerenes and carbon nanotubes are

Covalent diamond and their applications no longer included
bonding have been moved from Unit 2.
Graphene has been added

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AS Topic 3B : 13 Electronegativity, polar bonds and polar A further suggested practical has
Covalent bonding molecules have been here moved from been added on the effect of a
Unit 2 charged rod on jets of liquids

AS Topic 3C : 16-19 This has been moved from Unit 2 and is

Shapes of almost the same except the shape of
molecules ethene has been added

AS Topic 4A : 6 Classification of reactions as addition,

Introduction substitution, oxidation, reduction or
(to organic polymerization has been moved from
chemistry) Unit 2

AS Topic 4A : 7 Homolytic and heterolytic fission have

Introduction been moved here from Unit 2
(to organic
chemistry)
AS Topic 4A : 8 Definitions of free radical and
Introduction electrophile
(to organic
chemistry)
AS Topic 4B : 9-11 Cycloalkanes are included These were previously implied
Alkanes

AS Topic 4B : 14 More detail on pollutants emitted Generic section on ‘Green Any specific requirements still
Alkanes during the combustion of alkane fuels Chemistry’ required from ‘Green Chemistry’
and carbon neutrality will be listed in the appropriate
topic
AS Topic 4B : 16 Carbon neutrality has been moved here
Alkanes from Unit 2

AS Topic 4B : 18 Limitations of use of radical reactions in Extension of radical mechanism

Alkanes synthesis to show formation of further
substitution products

AS Topic 4B : A further suggested practical has

Alkanes been added on cracking alkanes

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AS Topic 5 : 4 Addition of steam to alkenes Life-cycle assessment of polymers
Alkenes
AS Topic 5 : 6 Emphasis that curly arrows should
Alkenes start from either a bond or a lone pair
of electrons
AS Topic 5 : 6 Emphasis that relative stability of Four further suggested practicals
Alkenes primary, secondary and tertiary have been added
carbocations intermediates is expected

AS Topic 6 : All This has been moved from Unit 1

Energetics
AS Topic 6 : 1 Standard conditions have been clearly
Energetics defined
AS Topic 6 : 5 Candidates will not be provided with Calculations will be unstructured
Energetics the expression for calculating an
enthalpy change from a temperature
change
AS Topic 6 : 7 Core Practical 2 – determination of Four further suggested practicals
Energetics the enthalpy change of a reaction using have been added
Hess’s Law
AS Topic 7 : 3, 4 Properties of water due to hydrogen Three further suggested
Intermolecular bonding practicals have been added
forces
AS Topic 8A : 2 Oxidation number of elements in
Redox Chemistry peroxides and metal hydrides

AS Topic 8A : 3, 4 Writing names of compounds or ions,

Redox Chemistry including the oxidation number of an
element with a Roman numeral and
writing formulae given oxidation
numbers
AS Topic 8A : 5, 6, 9 Redox reactions, oxidising agents and Emphasis on formation of ions
Redox Chemistry reducing agents in terms of electron related to electron transfer and
transfer change in oxidation number

AS Topic 8B : 12, 13, Reactions of Group 1 elements, oxides

The elements of 14 and hydroxides
Groups 1 and 2

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AS Topic 8B : 19 Tests for carbonate, hydrogencarbonate,
The elements of sulfate and ammonium ions, including
Groups 1 and 2 ionic equations

AS Topic 8B : 21 Core Practical 3 – Finding the

The elements of concentration of a solution of
Groups 1 and 2 hydrochloric acid

AS Topic 8B : 23 Core Practical 4 – Preparation of a Five further suggested practicals

The elements of standard solution from a solid acid and have been added
Groups 1 and 2 use it to find the concentration of a
solution of sodium hydroxide

AS Topic 8C : 9 Understand trends in physical properties Emphasis on understanding such

Inorganic in Group 7 trends, rather than simply
chemistry of recalling them
Group 7
AS Topic 8C : 10, 11 Understand trend in reactivity of Group 7 Emphasis on understanding such
Inorganic elements trends, rather than simply
chemistry of recalling them
Group 7
AS Topic 8C : 26 The use of chlorine in water treatment Emphasis on understanding the
Inorganic reactions in this specification
chemistry of point trends, rather than simply
Group 7 recalling them

AS Topic 8C : Iodine/thiosulfate titrations have Two further suggested practicals

Inorganic been moved to Unit 5 have been added
chemistry of
Group 7
AS Topic 9A : 3 Calculate the rate of reaction using
Kinetics rate = 1/time and from the gradient of a
suitable graph for either initial rate or at
a time, t has been moved here from
A level

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AS Topic 9A : 6 Drawing the reaction profiles for
Kinetics uncatalysed and catalysed reactions,
including the energy level of the
intermediate formed with the catalyst

AS Topic 9A : 7 The role of catalysts in industry to make

Kinetics processes more sustainable by using less
energy and/or higher atom economy

AS Topic 9A : Further suggested practicals

Kinetics have been added

AS Topic 9B : 11 Evaluate data to explain the need to reach Similar to the Haber Process
Equilibria a compromise between the yield and the in International GCSE
rate of reaction has been moved here from
A level
AS Topic 10A : 1-5 Radical reactions in the ozone This has been taken from the
General principles layer previous Topic 2.11
(of organic
chemistry)
AS Topic 10B : 8 The reaction between halogenoalkanes and Uses of halogenoalkanes This is an as an example of
Halogenoalkanes alcoholic potassium cyanide increasing the length of the
carbon chain

AS Topic 10B : 9 Mechanisms of the nucleophilic

Halogenoalkanes substitution reactions between primary
halogenoalkanes and aqueous potassium
hydroxide and with ammonia are specified

AS Topic 10B : 10, 12 Comparing the rates of hydrolysis of These were previously implied
Halogenoalkanes and 13 primary, secondary and tertiary
halogenoalkanes as well as
chloro-, bromo- and iodo- halogenoalkanes

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AS Topic 10B : 11 Core Practical 5 – Investigation of the
Halogenoalkanes rates of hydrolysis of some
halogenoalkanes

AS Topic 10B : 14 Core Practical 6 – Chlorination of Two further suggested

Halogenoalkanes 2-methylpropan-2-ol with concentrated practicals have been added
hydrochloric acid

AS Topic 10C : 17 Specific guidance on halogenating agents Understand why a metal halide
Alcohols for chloro- bromo- and iodoalkanes and concentrated sulfuric acid
is not used when making
bromo- or iodo- alkanes

AS Topic 10C : 17 Elimination reaction with concentrated Reaction of alcohols with

Alcohols phosphoric acid to produce alkenes is sodium
included

AS Topic 10C : 18 Tests for aldehydes and carboxylic acids

Alcohols produced when oxidising primary alcohols

AS Topic 10C : 19 Extension of required practical techniques The preparation of

Alcohols to allow the preparation of a dry organic 1-bromobutane from
liquid butan-1-ol provides an
opportunity to practice all of
these techniques

AS Topic 10C : 20 Core Practical 7 – The oxidation of One further suggested

Alcohols propan-1-ol to produce propanal and practical on oxidising primary
propanoic acid and secondary alcohols has
been added

AS Topic 10D : 23 Core Practical 8 – Analysis of some Only molecules that change
Mass spectra and inorganic and organic unknowns their polarity can absorb IR
IR IR absorption and greenhouse
gases
A level Topic 11 : 11 Use of a solid (heterogeneous) catalyst has
Kinetics been moved here from Unit 5

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A level Topic 11 : 12 Core Practicals 9a and 9b – Rate of
Kinetics reaction

A level Topic 11 : 13 Core Practical 10 – Finding the activation Five further suggested
Kinetics energy of a reaction practicals have been added

A level Topic 12A : 1-11 There is no additional content but the Four further suggested
Entropy specification statements have been practicals have been added
rewritten to provide extra clarity

A level Topic 12B : 12-18 This has been moved here from AS
Lattice energy

A level Topic 12B : 19 Using entropy and enthalpy changes of A further suggested practical
Lattice energy solution values to predict the solubility of on calculating the enthalpy
ionic compounds, including trends in change when a variety of
solubility of Group 2 hydroxides and ionic compounds are
sulfates dissolved in water

A level Topic 13 : 1-9 There is no additional content but the The content from the original Five further suggested
Chemical specification statements have been Topic 4.6 has now been practicals have been added
Equilibria rewritten to provide extra clarity incorporated into Topics
11 and 13

A level Topic 14 : 23 Core Practical 11 – Finding the Ka value for Knowledge of early theories Three further suggested
Acid-base a weak acid about acidity practicals have been added
Equilibria

A level Topic 15A : 1-5 There is no additional content but the

Chirality specification statements have been
rewritten to provide extra clarity

A level Topic 15B : 6-8 There is no additional content but the A further suggested practical
Carbonyl specification statements have been on reactions of aldehydes and
compounds rewritten to provide extra clarity ketones has been added

A level Topic 15C : 9-12 There is no additional content but the Three further suggested
Carboxylic acids specification statements have been practicals have been added
rewritten to provide extra clarity

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A level Topic 15D : 13-16 There is no additional content but the Trans-esterification reactions in Three further suggested
Carboxylic acid specification statements have been production of biodiesel and practicals have been added
derivatives rewritten to provide extra clarity low-fat spreads

A level Topic 15E : 17 Use of accurate relative atomic masses to Similar products with the same
Spectroscopy and four decimal places to distinguish between Mr when expressed as a whole
chromatography possible structures number, but different Mr when
calculated to 4 d.p

A level Topic 15E : 18 13

C NMR spectroscopy to provide As 13C NMR spectra are simpler to
Spectroscopy and information about the positions of 13
C interpret, it is suggested that it is
chromatography atoms in a molecule studied before proton NMR

A level Topic 15E : 20 Use of relative peak areas to identify Effect of radio waves on nuclei No requirement to explain how
Spectroscopy and number of protons in a particular NMR works
chromatography environment Uses of NMR in medicine; Note: IR is not described in Topic
e.g. non- invasive scanning 15E, but is present in Topic 10D
Predict chemical shifts and splitting so could be tested here as well
patterns in a given molecule Uses of microwaves for heating

A level Topic 15E : 21-22 Stationary and mobile phases in

Spectroscopy and chromatography
chromatography
Calculation of Rf values
A level Topic 16 : Redox 6 Core Practical 12 – Investigating
Equilibria some electrochemical cells

A level Topic 16 : Redox 8 Writing cell diagrams using the Breathalyser test
Equilibria conventional representation of
halfcells

A level Topic 16 : Redox 17 Core Practical 13a and b – Carry out Three further suggested
Equilibria redox titrations with both iron(II) practicals have been added
ions and potassium manganate(VII)
and sodium thiosulfate and iodine

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A level Topic 17 : 4, 10, Specific requirement to show This is now explicit rather than
Transition metals 12, 16 understanding of the terms ligand implied as in the previous
and their and coordination number specification.
chemistry Understanding of terms such as
monodentate, bidentate and
mutidentate is expected

A level Topic 17 : 11 Understand that colour changes in d-block Discuss the evidence for
Transition metals metal ions depends on changes in electronic configurations of
and their oxidation number, ligand and coordination Sc to Zn in terms of
chemistry number successive ionisation
energies

A level Topic 17 : 15, 17 Specific role of cis-platin and haemoglobin Generic statement about Knowledge of the structure of
Transition metals in biological systems uses of transition metals haem- group is not required
and their
chemistry Development of new catalysts
from transition metal /
transition metal compounds

A level Topic 17 : 18, 19 Redox reactions of vanadium Use of Ecell to predict reagents to
Transition metals carry out stepwise reduction of
and their VO2+ to V2+
chemistry
A level Topic 17 : 20, 21 Specific description of reactions of Generic statement ‘study
Transition metals chromium in different oxidation the redox chemistry of
and their states Cr(VI), Cr(III) and Cr(II)’
chemistry
A level Topic 17 : 24 Specific description of ligand Generic statement
Transition metals substitution reactions of copper ‘investigate ligand
and their exchange in copper
chemistry complexes’

A level Topic 17 : 28-32 Specific description of catalytic processes Generic statement regarding Emphasis on understanding these
Transition metals involving transition elements and their catalytic behaviour and specific catalytic processes rather
and their compounds development than recalling them
chemistry of new catalysts

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A level Topic 17 : 33 Core Practical 14 – The preparation of a Five further suggested practicals
Transition metals transition metal complex have been added
and their
chemistry
A level Topic 18 : 2 The delocalised model for the This is now explicit rather than
Organic chemistry structure of benzene involves overlap implied
- arenes of p-orbitals to form π bonds

A level Topic 18 : 3 Resistance of benzene ring to bromination Addition reactions (other than
Organic chemistry compared with alkenes as evidence for structure)
- arenes

A level Topic 19 : 3 Understand reasons for differences in Characteristic smell of amines

Organic nitrogen basicity of amines, given suitable data
compounds:
amines, amides,
amino acids and
proteins
A level Topic 19 : 4 Preparation of primary aliphatic
Organic nitrogen amines
compounds:
amines, amides,
amino acids and
proteins
A level Topic 19 : 12 Core Practical 15 – Analysis of some The reaction of amino acids Four further suggested practicals
Organic nitrogen inorganic and organic unknowns with ninhydrin have been added
compounds:
amines, amides,
amino acids and
proteins
A level Topic 20 : 2 Use of Grignard Reagents to Generic statement regarding
Organic synthesis increase carbon chain length importance of synthesis in
research Combinatorial
Chemistry

A level Topic 20 : 4 Core Practical 16 – The preparation Two further suggested practicals
Organic synthesis of aspirin have been added

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