A

Project Report
on
“Goods Packaging Machine”
Submitted by
Sarang Khangar.
Vaibhav Waghulde.
Kaustubh Sonagire.
Yogesh Khadke.
Saurabh Sonune.

Under the Guidance of

Mr. Dipak A. Patil.

G. H. Raisoni Institute of Engineering & Management,

Jalgaon (2nd shift polytechnic)
Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement For

Diploma of Engineering

In

Mechanical Engineering

Department of Mechanical Engineering

G.H.R.I.E.M, JALGAON.
(Affiliated To Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education)
(NAAC Accredited)

2017-2018
 Certificate
Has successfully completed his project on the topic

“Goods Packaging Machine”

Submitted by
Sarang Khangar.
Vaibhav Waghulde.
Kaustubh Sonagire.
Yogesh Khadke.
Saurabh Sonune.

To the partial fulfillment of

Diploma in Mechanical Engineering

Affiliated to

(Maharashtra state board of technical education, Mumbai)

Mr. Dipak A. Patil. Mr. Ganesh Badgujar.

(Guide) (Project Coordinator)

External Examiner.

Prof. V.N. Borse. Dr. Prabhakar Bhatt.

(HOD) (Principal)
 DECLARATION

We declare that project entitled “Goods Packaging Machine” is our group work
conducted under the guidance of Mr. Dipak Patil of Mechanical Engineering Department.

We further declare that to the best of my knowledge, the project does not contain
any part of the work which has been submitted for the award of any degree to either this
university or any other. Such material as obtained from sources for study has been duly
acknowledged and the name of the expert kept secret as per their request in data collection
& analyzing for the project.

Sarang Khangar.
Vaibhav Waghulde.
Kaustubh Sonagire.
Yogesh Khadke.
Saurabh Sonune.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Quality is never an accident….it is always the result of an intelligent effect. There

must be a will to produce a superior thing. All we need in this world is hard work and
confidence and the success is sure. Success is not a one man phenomenon but it is the
result of working together we take this opportunity to express our gratitude towards
everybody who has rendered cooperation in making this project success.

On this occasion we could not miss out thankful acknowledgement to our guide
Mr. Dipak A. Patil and Mr. Prashant Sonar and HOD Prof. V. N. Borse our Principle
Dr. Prabhakar Bhatt for their able guidance and valuable suggestions.

We are also thankful to Delta Engineering Workshop, Jalgaon for their highly
cooperative and encouraging attitudes, which have always boosted us.

We also thanks our friends who have helped in successful complete of the project.

Sarang Khangar.
Vaibhav Waghulde.
Kaustubh Sonagire.
Yogesh Khadke.
Saurabh Sonune.
 Goods Packaging Machine

ABSTRACT

Goods packaging is very important for goods for its security and its preservation. So for
the packaging of goods polythene foil and packaging machine plays an important role in goods
packaging. Now a day’s more and more packaging with higher production rate within less period
of time is demand of market. So it is very important to developed goods packaging machine
whose aim is to give higher production rate with the low manufacturing cost.

We have developed demo modal of goods packaging machine which give higher
production rate with low manufacturing cost. The machine we have developed is totally different
from traditional packaging machine which is bulky and of higher manufacturing cost. For
example: - snacks packaging machine. The machine we have developed can be used for domestic
as well as industrial purpose.

G.H.R.I.E.M, JALGAON (2ND SHIFT POLYTECHNIC)

 Goods Packaging Machine

INDEX

Chapter Title Page No

No
List of Figure i
List of Table ii
1 Introduction
1.1 Introduction Of Project 1
1.2 Significance Of Present Study 1
2 Literature Survey 2
3 Scope and Objectives of Project 4
4 Construction 5
4.1 Major Parts 5
4.2 Construction And Details 6
4.2.1 Drum 6
4.2.2 Shaft 7
4.2.3 Disk 8
4.2.4 Lever 9
4.2.5 Ring 10
4.2.6 Heater 11
4.2.7 Heater Dies 12
4.3 Stopper Mechanism 13
5 Design of Foil 15
6 Working of Machine 16
7 Costing 18
8 Result 20
9 Conclusion 21
10 Advantages And Application 22
10.1 Advantages 22
10.2 Application 22

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 Goods Packaging Machine

11 Future Scope and Reference 23

11.1 Future Scope 23
11.2 Reference 23
12 Appendix 24

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 Goods Packaging Machine

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No Name of Figure Page No

2.1 Conventional Machine 3
4.2.1 Figure f Drum 6
4.2.2 Figure of Shaft 7
4.2.3 Figure of Disk 8
4.2.4 Figure of Lever 9
4.2.5 Figure of Ring 10
4.2.6 Figure of Heater 11
4.2.7 Figure of Heater Dies 12
4.3.1 Figure of Cam and Follower 14
5.1 Design of Foil 15
6.1 Modal of Packaging Machine 17

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LIST OF TABLES

Table No Description Page No

4.1 Details of Drum 6
4.2 Details of Shaft 7
4.3 Details of Disk 8
4.4 Details of Lever 9
4.5 Details of Ring 10
4.6 Details of Heater 11
4.7 Details of Heater Dies 12
7.1 Material Cost 18
7.2 Labour Cost 18
7.3 Other Component 19

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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

Packaging of food product is always necessary for its proper preservation and
maintaining the quality especially for oily food product such as potato chips. The
conventional packaging machine consists of two or more heaters for sealing the packets
and hoper arrangement for filling the packets. The heaters are electrically operated and
working continuously hence causes more energy consumption.

On the other hand the hoper arrangement causes less packaging rate, so to
overcome these difficulties we are trying to make a new machine which will increase the
packaging rate and decrease the operational cost.
1.2 Significance of Present Study
Now a day’s energy crisis is the one of the biggest problem in front of mankind.
Fossil fuels are limited which are not sufficient to cope up with the ever increasing
demand hence governments of many countries are now switching from non renewable to
renewable energy recourses also focus is given more on to save the existing energy
available to us, with respect to this an energy saving machine and devices are always
desirable.

The conventional packaging machines for the food products like potato chips,
kurkure are packaging 2-3 packets per min with two or more heaters running
continuously. It is a low packaging rate plus high operational cost process and as we
experience the increasing demand of the food product it has become necessary to be
ready to supply the need with effective means.

The project focuses on the same problem of the industry by making a new type of
packaging foil and new mechanisms in the machine to enhance the rate of packaging.

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2. LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 Literature Survey
As we had visit to the packaging industry Jogvani Brothers Pvt. Ltd MIDC
Jalgaon, where the packaging of coconut oil scathes and kurkure is done. During the
visit we have seen that machine having power per hour 1-2 horse power, pack the pouch
of capacity 50-200grams and pack the pouch 1000-2000 per hour i.e. 16-17 pouches per
minute. This production rate is very low. And manufacturing cost is 2-2.5 Lakhs which is
very high. Then, we conclude that to design packaging machine which can able to give
higher production rate within lower manufacturing cost as compare to conventional
packaging machine and we choose this topic for our project.

Pouch packing machines are commonly known as Form Fill and Seal Machines.
There are classified as two main types– Vertical Form Fill and Seal Machines and
Horizontal Form Fill and Seal Machines. Vertical Form Fill and Seal Machines are used
to pack regular shaped solid products or liquids while, Horizontal Form Fill and Seal
Machines are used to pack irregular shaped products.

In making of the pouch two seals have to be made horizontal and vertical as it will
be further explained in detail. Intermittent motion machine makes the vertical seal while
the film is in motion but for the horizontal seal the film stops whereas, the continuous
motion machine makes the vertical and the horizontal seal without stopping the film.
Hence, higher production rates can be achieved by the continuous motion machine. On
the other hand, fully automated machine requires no human intervention while Semi
automated machines require humans to perform some part of packing operation. The
machine discussed in the paper can be classified as an intermittent motion machine or
fully Automatic machine.

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Fig 2.1 Conventional Machine

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3. OBJECTIVES
3.1 Scope and Objectives of the Project
Objective
1) To increase the packaging rate.
2) To reduce the operational cost of packaging.
3) To reduce the packaging time.

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4. CONSTRUCTIONS
4.1 Major Parts of Machine
 Drum
 Shaft
 Disk
 Lever
 Ring
 Heater
 Heater Dies
 Stopper Mechanism

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4.2 Parts Construction and Details

4.2.1 Drum

Fig.4.2.1 Drum

Title Specification
Material Galvanize iron metal sheet
Mild Steel
Dimension Thickness of sheet: - 0.5mm gauge
Diameter of drum: - 430mm
Height of drum: - 60mm
Function To providing support and holding attachment to
pouch in which material is to be filled.

Table No 4.2.1 – Details of Drum

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4.2.2 Shaft

Fig.4.2.2 Shaft

Title Specification
Material Mild steel
Dimension Diameter of shaft:-42mm
Height of shaft:-450mm
Function The entire major components are mounted on
the shaft and provide rotary motion to the
system.

Table No 4.2.2 - Details of Shaft

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4.2.3 Disk

Fig.4.2.3 Disk

Title Specification
Material Wood
Dimension Diameter of the disk:-325mm
Thickness of the disk:-14mm
Function The lever which are use to hold the seal
sides of pouch are mounted on the disk and
disk is mounted on the shaft which provide
the rotary motion to the disk.

Table No 4.2.3- Details of Disk

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4.2.4 Lever

Fig.4.2.4 Lever

Title Specification
Material Galvanize iron
Dimension Thickness of lever:- 2.5 gauge
Height of lever:-150mm
Bent height of lever:-40mm
Function Levers are provided with the pads which provide
holding attachment to the foil at its seal sides of
pouch. Lever is mounted on the disk using hinges.
Spring tension is provided to the lever using torsion
spring which is fitted in the hinge.

Table No 4.2.4- Details of Lever

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4.2.5 Ring

Fig.4.2.5 Ring

Title Specification
Material Mild steel
Dimension Diameter of ring:-336 mm
Function It is fixed to drum. It exert continuous
pressure on lever

Table No 4.2.5- Details of Ring

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4.2.6 Heater

Fig.4.2.6 Heater

Title Specification
Material Pencil heater
Dimension Length of heater:-70 mm
Watt:-40 watt
Function Heaters are inserted in to heater dies. It is
use to heat the heater dies.

Table No 4.2.6- Details of Heater

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 Goods Packaging Machine

4.2.7 Heater Dies

Fig.4.2.7 Heater Dies

Title Specification
Material Mild steel
Dimension Diameter of dies:-12 mm
Function It is use to seal the wrappers.

Table No 4.2.7- Details of Heater Dies

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 Goods Packaging Machine

4.3 Stopper Mechanism

Stopper mechanism is major part of our goods packaging machine which plays an
important role in packaging of pouch.

It consists of cam and follower arrangement.

1. Design of stopper mechanism

 Design of cam

Cam is design such that it has 12 number of rise in & 12 number of out.

It covers 12 foils in one rotation of it, the angle of rise in and out is 30 degree and cam is
mounted on shaft.

How to find angle for cam

Arc= πDΦ

Φ=arc/πD

Where,

Arc= Length of single pouch i.e. 12mm

D= Diameter of drum

Φ= angle for rise in and out for cam

 Design of follower

Follower consists of hemispherical end, which is rest on follower and other end is
provided with pad which use to stop and hold one seal end of pouch in drum and pad.

The lift given to the follower is 28 mm.

 Material of cam and follower:-

Wood

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2. Function: - It is used to hold the pouch at its first seal end.

3. Working of stopper mechanism: - As the cams rotate along with the shaft one end of
follower which is hemispherical in the shape, rest on profile of cam is starts to
reciprocate due to rise in or rise out of cam.

As the cam rotate follower start to reciprocate,

Case1:-When the hemispherical end of follower traces the rising path of cam follower
moves forward at the extreme condition of cam profile single seal end of pouch will be
hold by pad which is attached to one end of follower rest up to Φ/2. I.e. is the dwell
period of cam profile. During this dwell period material is filled in the pouch.

Case2:-When the hemispherical end of follower traces the rise out profile of cam
follower will move backward and the attachment of follower to the foil end get
disconnected and foil will move to forward.

Fig. 4.3.1 Cam and Follower

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5. DESIGN OF FOIL
5.1 Design of Foil

Fig. 5.1 Packaging Foil

As in conventional packaging machine three sides of pouch that are upper, lower,
and back side are pack by the heater. In case of this pouch two heaters are used for the
sealing of pouch which cause increase manufacture cost and reduce the production rate
because sealing of pouch is done when material is filling in pouch.

To overcome this problem we developed new design. In case of this foil only two
sides are seal that are left and right by using single heater which will help us to increase
production rate and to reduce manufacturing rate.

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6. WORKING

6.1 Working

 Arrange the foil in the drum through the inlet of drum in such way that the one
single seal side of pouch is to be hold between drum and the pad attached to
the lever which is hinged at the disk.

 As the motion is given to the system, whole system is getting to be in the

motion.

 Due to this motion, the foil get attached between lever pad and the drum and
forwarded for material filling.

 At the station where the material is to be filled in the pouch, some part of the
ring which continuously keep the lever in pressure is bent upward, due to
which lever gets disconnected from foil.

 As the foil get disconnected from lever, it get hold by stopper mechanism and
because of motion of machine the pouch get open at its unseal side and
material gets filled in the pouch by the weighing machine.

 After the material filling foil moves forward and pass through the heater dies in
which heaters are provided resulting sealing of open side of pouch.

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Fig No 6.1:- Modal Of Goods Packaging Machine

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7. COSTING

7.1 Costing

 Material Cost

Sr. No Name of the Part Material Quantity Amount (Rs)

1 Shaft Ms 1 100/-
2 Disk wood 1 120/-
3 Ring Ms 1 50/-
4 Lever Galvanized 12 100/-
5 Drum Galvanized + Ms 1 325/-
6 Cam Wood 1 50/-
7 Follower Wood 1 50/-
8 Collar Ms 1 200/-
9 Heater dies Ms 2 200/-
Total 19 1195/-

Table No 7.1- Details of Material Cost

 Labour cost

Manufacturing Operations Amount (Rs)

Lathe 250/-
Drilling 100/-
Welding 300/-
Grinding 50/-
Power Hacksaw 50/-
Coloring 200/-
Carpentry 200/-
Total 1150/-

Table No 7.2- Details of Labour Cost

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Manufacturing Cost = Material Cost+ Labour Cost

= 1195+1150

= 2345/-

 Other Component

Sr. No Component Quantity Amount(Rs)

1 Bearing 1 90/-
2 Hinges 12 36/-
3 Pad 1 60/-
4 Nut 60 75/-
5 Bolt 60 75/-
6 Torsion spring 12 120/-
7 Compression spring 1 100/-
8 Heater 1 300/-
Total 148 856/-

Table No 7.3- Details of Other Component

Total Cost=Manufacturing Cost + Other Component

=2345+865

=3210/-

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8. RESULTS
8.1 Result

Increase Production Rate

 The conventional foil is an open one which needs to be close from all sides hence
requires much time and energy, but if we use a foil having only one end open, the
packaging become more rapid and easy. So the overall effect will surely increase
packaging rate.

 During one rotation it covers 12 foils or wrappers of packaging.

Reduce the Manufacturing Cost

 High operational cost lies in the shape of the packaging foil and the method to wrap
it. But the blank foil produce in mass reduce its cost drastically, so the overall effect
will surely reduce the cost of packaging.
 Machines consist of fewer components.

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9. CONCLUSIONS

9.1 Conclusion

This project work has provide us an excellent opportunity and experience , to use our
knowledge we gain a lot of practical knowledge regarding, planning, purchasing,
assembling, and machining while doing this project work we feel that the project the
project work is good solution to bridge the gates between institution and industry.

We are proud that we have completed the work with the limited time successfully.
The goods packaging machine is working with satisfactory condition. We are able to
understand the difficulties in maintaining the tolerance and also quality we have done to
our ability and skill making maximum use of available facilities.

In conclusion remark of our project, let as few more lines about our project work
before concluding is that the particular packaging machine which we have design for
packaging purpose. To facilitate, we can seal the pouch using single heater and in low
cost.

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10. ADVANTAGES AND APPLICATION

10.1 Advantages

 Manufacturing cost is low as compare to conventional packaging machine.

 Production rate is higher than conventional packaging machine.
 Machine can be used manually and electrically.
 It can be used industrial as well as house hold purpose.
 Machine is portable in case of house hold purpose.
 Simple in construction.
 No skill operator required.
 Save 5% of material of foil while manufacturing.

10.2 Application
 It is use in food packaging industry.
 It is use in cosmetics industry.
 It is use for packaging of spices in industry.
 It is use for snacks and chips packaging industry.

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11. FUTURE SCOPES AND REFERENCE

11.1 Future Scope

The machine currently operates in four basic mechanisms- Feeding, Weighing,

Forming and Sealing. The current design can pack one pouch at a time, a more advanced
machine having multiple hoppers and feeders can be developed for packing multiple
bags simultaneously.

A faster and more pouch filler and feeder mechanism can be used so as to save
time and obtain accuracy of the pouch to be filled. The system can be scaled against
heavy loads.

11.2 Reference

 Theory of Machines By R. R. Utturkar, R.S. Deshmukh, Pune, 2016.

 Robert L. Norton, Cam and Follower Design Handbook, 2009
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cam_follower.
 http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/packaging_machine.

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12. APPENDIXES

12.1 Appendix

Working Photograph

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Modal Of Goods Packaging Machine.

Project Members with Goods Packaging Machine.

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