DRUG STUDY

Name of Drug Action Indication Contraindication Adverse Reaction Health Teaching

Oxacillin Bactericidal: Infections due to  Contraindicated CNS: Lethargy,  Side effects may be
inhibits cell penicillinase- with allergies to hallucinations, seizures experienced, such
wall synthesis producing penicillins, GI: Glossitis, stomatitis, as: upset stomach,
nausea, diarrhea
of sensitive staphylococci; may cephalosporins, or gastritis, sore mouth,
(small frequent
organisms be used to initiate other allergens. “furry” or black “hairy”
meals), mouth
causing cell treatment when a  Use cautiously with tongue, nausea, sores (perform
death staphylococci renal disorders, vomiting, diarrhea, frequent mouth
infection is pregnancy, abdominal pain, bloody care) and pain at
suspected lactation diarrhea, enterocolitis, injection site.
pseudomembranous  Report difficulty of
breathing, rashes,
colitis, nonspecific
severe diarrhea,
hepatitis
severe pain at
GU: nephritis-oliguria, injection site,
proteinuria, hematuria, mouth sores.
casts, azotemia, pyuria  Finish entire course
Hematologic: anemia, of therapy as
thrombocytopenia, prescribed.
leukopenia, neutropenia,
prolonged bleeding time
(more common than
with other penicillinase-
resistant penicillins)
Hypersensitivity: rash,
fever, wheezing,
anaphylaxis
 Local: pain, phlebitis,
thrombosis at injection
site
Other: superinfections,
sodium overload leading
to heart failure

DRUG STUDY
Name of Drug Action Indication Contraindication Adverse Reaction Health Teaching
Gentamycin Bactericidal:  Serious  Contraindicated CNS: Ototoxicity-tinnitus,  Client may
inhibits infections with allergy to any dizziness, vertigo, experience side
protein caused by aminoglycosides deafness (partially effects, such as:
susceptible ringing in the ears,
synthesis in  Use cautiously with reversible to
strains of headache, dizziness
susceptible renal or hepatic irreversible), vestibular
Pseudomonas (reversible; use
strains of aeruginosa, disease; sulfite paralysis, confusion, safety measures if
gram- Proteus species, sensitivity; pre- disorientation, severe), nausea,
negative E. coli, existing hearing depression, lethargy, vomiting, loss of
bacteria; Klebsiella- loss; active nystagmus, visual appetite (eat
appears to Enterobacter- infection with disturbances, headache, frequent small
Serratia species, meals, perform
disrupt herpes, vaccinia, numbness, tingling,
Citrobacter, frequent mouth
functional Staphylococcus varicella, fungal tremor, paresthesia,
care)
integrity of species infections, muscle twitching,  Report pain at
bacterial cell  Serious mycobacterial seizures, muscular injection site,
membrane, infections when infections weakness, severe headache,
causing cell causative (ophthalmic neuromuscular blockade dizziness, loss of
death organisms are preparations); CV: Palpitations, hearing, changes in
not known urine pattern,
myasthenia gravis; hypertension,
(often in difficulty breathing,
conjunction parkinsonism; hypotension
rash or skin lesions
with a penicillin infant botulism; GI: hepatic toxicity,
or burn patients; nausea, vomiting,
cephalosporin) lactation, anorexia, weight loss,
 Unlabeled used: pregnancy stomatitis, increased
with salivation
clindamycin as
GU: nephrotoxicity
alternative
regimen in PID. Hematologic: Leukemoid
reaction,
 agranulocytosis,
granulocytosis,
leucopenia, leukocytosis,
thrombocytopenia,
eosinophilia,
pancytopenia, anemia,
hemolytic anemia,
increased or decreased
reticulocyte count,
electrolyte disturbances
Hypersensitivity:
Purpura, rash, urticaria,
exfoliative dermatitis,
itching
Local: pain, irritation,
arachnoiditis at IM
injection sites
Other: fever, apnea,
splenomegaly, joint pain,
superinfections

DRUG STUDY

Name of Drug Action Indication Contraindication Adverse Reaction Health Teaching

Hydrocortisone Enters target cells  Replacement  Allergy to any SYSTEMIC  Take drugs
and binds to therapy in component of the CNS: vertigo, exactly as
cytoplasmic adrenal cortical drug, fungal headache, paresthesia, prescribed. Do
receptors; initiates insufficiency infections, insomnia, seizures, not stop intake
 Allergic states- without notifying
many complex amebiasis, psychosis
severe or healthcare
reactions that are hepatitis B, CV: hypotension,
incapacitating provider; slowly
responsible for its allergic vaccinia, or shock, HPN and heart taper dosage to
anti-inflammatory, conditions varicella and failure secondary to avoid problems.
immunosuppressive  Hypercalcemia antibiotic-resistant fluid retention,  Dosage
(glucocorticoid), associated with infections, thromboembolism, reductions may
and salt retaining cancer immunosuppressio thromphlebitis, fat create adrenal
 Short term insufficiency.
(mineralocorticoid) ns. embolism, cardiac
inflammatory Report any
actions. and allergic  Use cautiously arrhythmias 2° to fatigue, muscle
disorders, such with kidney electrolyte and joint pains,
as rheumatoid disease (risk for disturbances anorexia,
arthritis, edema); liver Dermatologic: thin, nausea,
collagen disease, cirrhosis, fragile skin; petechiae; vomiting,
diseases (SLE), hypothyroidism, ecchymoses; purpura; diarrhea, weight
dermatologic loss, weakness,
ulcerative colitis striae; subcutaneous
diseases dizziness, or low
(pemphigus), with impending fat atrophy blood sugar.
status perforation; EENT: cataracts,  Take with meals
asthmaticus, diverticulitis; glaucoma, increased or snacks if GI
and recent GI surgery; IOP upset occurs.
autoimmine active or latent Endocrine:  Take single daily
disorders peptic ulcer; amenorrhea, irregular or alternative-
 Hematologic day doses before
inflammatory menses, growth
disordes – 9AM; mark
thrombocytope bowel disease retardation, decreased calendar or use
nic purpura, (risks carbohydrate other measures
 erythroblastop exacerbations or tolerance and DM, as reminder of
enia bowel cushingoid state, HPA treatment days.
 Trichinosis with perforation); HPN, suppression systemic  Frequent follow-
neurologic or up visits to your
heart failure; with therapy longer
myocardial healthcare
thromboembolic than 5 days, Cushing’s
involvement provider are
 Ulcerative tendencies, syndrome, needed to
colitis, acute thrombophlebitis, hyperglycemia monitor drug
exacerbations osteoporosis, GI: peptic or response and
of MS, and convulsive esophageal ulcer, adverse
palliation in disorders, pancreatitis, reactions.
some  Side effects may
metastatic abdominal distenstion,
leukemias and be experienced:
lymphomas carcinoma, DM; nausea, vomiting,
increase in
TB; lactation increased appetite and appetite, weight
weight gain gain, heartburn,
Hematologic: Na+ and indigestion (eat
fluid retention, frequent small
hypokalemia, meals, use of
antacids may
hypocalcemia,
help); increased
increased blood sugar, susceptibility to
increased serum infection (avoid
cholesterol, decreased crowds during
serum T3 and T4 levels peak cold or flu
Hypersensitivity: seasons and
Anaphylactoid or avoid anyone
with a known
hypersensitivity
infection); poor
reactions wound healing
Musculoskeletal: (if
 muscle weakness, injured/wounde
steroid myopathy and d, consult
loss of muscle mass, healthcare
provider);
osteoporosis,
muscle
spontaneous fractures weakness,
Other: fatigue (frequent
immunosuppression, rest periods may
aggravation or help).
masking of infections,  Report unusual
impaired wound weight gain,
swelling of lower
healing
extremities,
muscle
weakness, black
or tarry stools,
vomiting of
blood, epigastric
burning,
menstrual
irregularities,
fever, prolonged
sore throat, cold
or other
infection,
worsening of
symptoms.
DRUG STUDY

Name of Drug Action Indication Contraindication Adverse Reaction Health Teaching

Albuterol In low doses, acts  Relief and  Contraindicated CNS: restlessness,  Do not exceed
(Salbutamol) relatively prevention of with apprehension, anxiety, recommended
selectively at bronchospasm hypersensitivity to fear, CNS stimulation, dosage; adverse
beta2-adrenergic in patients with albuterol; hyperkinesia, insomnia, effects or loss of
reversible tachyarrhythmias, tremor, drowsiness, effectiveness may
receptors to
obstructive tachycardia caused irritability, weakness, result. Read the
cause airway disease by digitalis vertigo, headache instructions that
bronchodilation or COPD intoxication; CV: cardiac come with
and vasodilation;  Inhalation: general anesthesia arrhythmias, respiratory
at higher doses, Treatment of with halogenated tachycardia, inhalants.
beta2 receptors to acute attacks of hydrocarbons or palpitations, PVCs  Do not cut, crush,
cause typical bronchospasm cyclopropane (this (rare), angina pain or chew ER tablets;
 Prevention of sensitize the Dermatologic: swallow them
sympathomimetic
exercise- myocardium to sweating, palor, whole.
cardiac effects induced catecholamines); flushing  Possible
bronchospasm unstable GI: nausea, vomiting, experienced side
 Unlabeled use: vasomotor system heartburn, unusual or effects: Dizziness,
Adjunct in disorders; HPN; bad taste in mouth drowsiness,
treating coronary GU: increased incidence fatigue, headache
moderate to insufficiency, CAD; of leiomyomas of (use caution if
severe Hx of CVA; COPD uterus when given in driving or
hyperkalemia patients with higher than human performing tasks
in dialysis degenerative heart doses in preclinical that require
patients; seems disease studies alertness); nausea,
to lower  Use cautiously with Respiratory: respiratory vomiting, change
potassium DM (large IV doses difficulties, pulmonary in taste (eat
concentrations can aggravate edema, coughing, frequent small
when inhaled diabetes and bronchospasm; meals); rapid heart
by patients on ketoacidosis); paradoxical airway rate, anxiety,
hemodialysis hyperthyroidism; resistance with sweating, flushing,
Hx of seizure repeated, excessive use insomnia.
disorders; of inhalation  Report chest pain,
 psychoneurotic preparations. dizziness,
individuals; labor insomnia,
and delivery (oral weakness, tremors
use has delayed or irregular
second stage of heartbeat,
labor; parenteral difficulty
use of beta2- breathing,
adrenergic agonists productive cough,
can accelerate fetal failure to respond
heartbeat and to usual dosage.
cause
hypoglycemia,
hypokalemia,
pulmonary edema
in mother and
hypoglycemia in
neonate);
lactation; the
elderly (more
sensitice to CNS
effects).

DRUG STUDY

Name of Drug Action Indication Contraindication Adverse Reaction Health Teaching

Acetaminophe Antipyretic:  Temporary  Allergy to CNS: headache  Do not exceed
n reduces fever reduction of acetaminophen CV: chest pain, dyspnea, recommended
(Paracetamol) by acting fever;  Use cautiously with myocardial damage dose; do not take
temporary impaired hepatic when doses of 5-8 g/day for longer than ten
directly on
relief of minor function, chronic are ingested daily for days unless
the aches and pains alcoholism, several weeks or when directed by
hypothalamic caused by pregnancy, doses of 4 g/day are prescriber.
heat- common cold lactation. ingested for one year  Take the drug only
regulating and influenza, GI: hepatic toxicity and for complaints
center to headache, sore failure, jaundice indicated; it’s not
cause throat, GU: acute renal failure, an anti-flammatory
toothache renal tubular necrosis agent.
vasodilation
(patient ages 2 Hematologic:  Avoid the use of
and sweating, years and methemoglobinemia- other over-the-
which helps older), back cyanosis; hemolytic counter or
dissipate ache, menstrual anemia-hematuria, prescription
heat. cramps, minor anuria; neutropenia, preparations
Analgesic: site arthritis pain leukopenia, containing
and and muscle pancytopenia, acetaminophen.
aches (patients thrombocytopenia, Serious overdose
mechanism of
older than 12 hypoglycemia can occur. If you
action unclear years) Hypersensitivity: rash, need over-the-
 Unlabeled use: fever counter
prophylaxis in preparation,
children and consult healthcare
patients at risk provider.
for seizures  Report rash,
who are unusual bleeding or
receiving DTP bruising, yellowing
vaccination to of skin or eyes,
reduce changes in voiding
incidence of patterns.
fever and pain