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Microsoft Word - Chemical Equilibrium Review For YouTube
Microsoft Word - Chemical Equilibrium Review For YouTube
1. In an aqueous solution of potassium True or False
chromate, K2CrO4, the following equilibrium
exists. Use Le Chatelier’s Principle to fill in T F 4. In a dynamic equilibrium, the
the blanks below. rates of forward and reverse
reactions are equal.
2 CrO42‐(aq) + 2 H+(aq) ⇌ Cr2O72‐(aq) + H2O(l) T F 5. For equilibrium to be established,
Yellow Orange
a closed system is needed –
If sulfuric acid (H2SO4, a source of H+ ions) is reactants and products can’t
escape.
added to the system, the colour changes
T F 6. At equilibrium, the concentrations
from _____________ to _____________. of reactants and products become
This indicates that the concentration of equal.
_____________ ions increased while the T F 7. When Kc is very large, the
products are favoured; in other
concentration of _______________ ions words, the reaction is close to
decreased. A ______________ shift in being “complete”.
T F 8. While holding temperature
equilibrium occurred.
constant, increasing the
concentration of a reactant in an
equilibrium system will cause Kc to
2. A ______________ reaction is one that takes increase.
place in both forward and reverse directions.
Reactant particles collide to become products T F 9. Decreasing temperature causes Kc
for an endothermic reaction to
and product particles collide to become
increase.
reactants again.
T F 10. A saturated salt solution is an
3. The _____________ ____________ is given example of an equilibrium system.
the symbol “Q”. When Q > Kc, a net T F 11. Addition of a catalyst will increase
_______________ reaction will occur until the percent yield in a chemical
equilibrium is reached. reaction.
T F 12. When writing an equilibrium
expression, solids and liquids are
omitted because their
concentrations remain constant.
13. Consider the following reaction: 16. The reaction below reached equilibrium in a
closed 2.50‐L vessel:
2 SO3(g) ⇌ 2 SO2(g) + O2(g)
2 NO(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2 NO2(g)
Some SO3(g) is put into an evacuated flask.
How do the rates of the forward and reverse The vessel was analyzed after equilibrium
reactions change as the system approaches was established and 2.83 mol NO, 3.00 mol
equilibrium? O2 and 18.0 mol NO2 were present. Calculate
the equilibrium constant, Kc, for the reaction
Forward Reaction Reverse Reaction above.
Rate Rate
a) Increases Increases a) 0.218
b) Increases Decreases b) 1.83
c) Decreases Increases
c) 13.4
d) Decreases Decreases
d) 33.8
14. Consider the following reaction:
17. At room temperature, the reaction below has
Kc = 0.0045.
2 NH3(g) ⇌ N2(g) + 3 H2(g)
N2O4(g) ⇌ 2 NO2(g)
A chemist placed some ammonia into an
What is the Kc for the following reaction at
empty 2.0‐L flask and found 0.060 mol N2 in
the same temperature?
the flask when equilibrium was reached.
What was the concentration of H2 in the flask
NO2(g) ⇌ ½ N2O4(g)
at equilibrium?
a) 220
a) 0.010 M
b) 15
b) 0.020 M
c) 0.067
c) 0.090 M
d) 0.0045
d) 0.18 M
15. For which of the following reaction systems
would Kc = [O2]? 18. The value of the equilibrium constant for a
gaseous reaction will change when …
a) 3 O2(g) ⇌ 2 O3(g)
b) 2 Hg(s) + O2(g) ⇌ 2 HgO(s) a) the temperature changes
c) 2 H2O(l) ⇌ 2 H2(g) + O2(g) b) a catalyst is added
d) O2(l) ⇌ O2(g) c) the initial concentrations change
d) the volume of the flask changes
19. A chemist studied the same equilibrium at 21. A student put 100.0 g of solid calcium
room temperature, carbonate into a 2.00‐L sealed vessel and let
it decompose at 600°C where the following
N2O4(g) ⇌ 2 NO2(g) Kc = 0.0045
equilibrium was established:
A chemist placed 0.25 mol of N2O4 and 0.25
mol of NO2 into a 0.50 L container. Which of CaCO3(s) ⇌ CaO(s) + CO2(g) Kc = 0.100
the following describe the changes in
concentrations as the system moves to What mass of CO2 will be present at
equilibrium? equilibrium?
[N2O4] [NO2] a) 0.100 g
a) Increases Increases b) 2.20 g
b) Increases Decreases c) 8.80 g
c) Decreases Increases d) 15.0 g
d) Decreases Decreases
Questions 22 & 23 refer to this scenario:
Consider the following equilibrium:
2 SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2 SO3(g)
In an experiment at a given temperature, a
mixture of 4.00 mol SO2 and 5.00 mol O2 is
20. Consider the following equilibrium:
allowed to reach equilibrium in a 5.00‐L
vessel. It is found that 10.0% of the SO2
2 O3(g) ⇌ 3 O2(g) Kc = 36
remains in the flask when equilibrium is
reached.
What is the concentration of ozone, O3, when
the equilibrium concentration of oxygen is
22. What will be the concentration of oxygen in
0.058 M?
the vessel when equilibrium is reached?
a) 0.0023 M
a) 0.960 M
b) 0.0045 M
b) 0.920 M
c) 0.039 M
c) 0.640 M
d) 0.087 M
d) 0.280 M
23. The value of the equilibrium constant, Kc, for
the reaction at that temperature is …
a) 130
b) 14
c) 10.1
d) 0.0079
Questions 24 & 25 refer to this scenario: 27. Which of the following combinations
Consider the following equilibrium system in describes the effect of removing the catalyst
a rigid vessel at a very high temperature: used in the reaction?
Fe2O3(s) + 3 CO(g) ⇌ 2 Fe(l) + 3 CO2(g)
Equilibrium Reaction
24. Which of the following actions would cause Yield Rate
the equilibrium to shift to the right? a) Decreases Decreases
b) No Change Decreases
a) Adding more Fe2O3(s) c) No Change No Change
d) Decreases No Change
b) Adding more Fe(l)
c) Removing some CO(g)
d) Removing some CO2(g)
Questions 28 & 29 refer to this scenario:
Consider this equilibrium in a closed vessel.
25. When the system was cooled down, the mass
The gas mixture is light purple due to the
of solid Fe2O3 increased inside the vessel.
iodine vapour – the other gases are
Which of the following statements is true?
colourless.
H2(g) + I2(g) ⇌ 2HI(g)
a) Kc decreased and the reaction is
endothermic
28. Which of the following graphs shows what
b) Kc decreased and the reaction is
happens when some HI is removed and a new
exothermic
equilibrium is established?
c) Kc increased and the reaction is
endothermic
d) Kc increased and the reaction is
exothermic
Questions 26 & 27 refer to this scenario:
Methanol is manufactured by the reaction of
carbon monoxide with hydrogen in the
presence of a catalyst.
CO(g) + 2 H2(g) ⇌ CH3OH(g)
29. What will happen to the colour in the vessel
26. Which of the following combinations
as a result of removing HI?
describes the effect of reducing the volume
of the reaction vessel, causing an increase in
a) The gas mixture darkens due to a forward
pressure?
shift.
b) The gas mixture lightens due to a forward
Equilibrium Reaction
Yield Rate shift.
a) Decreases Increases c) The gas mixture darkens due to a reverse
b) Decreases Decreases shift.
c) Increases Increases d) The gas mixture lightens due to a reverse
d) Increases Decreases shift.
Questions 30 & 31 refer to this scenario: 32. Consider the following equilibrium system:
A chemist was studying the equilibrium
system at constant temperature in a flask: 2 SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2 SO3(g) H = ‐197 kJ
N2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2 NO(g) Which of the following combinations
describes the effect of increasing the
temperature of the system?
Shift in the
Equilibrium Kc
a) Left Increases
b) Left Decreases
c) Right Increases
d) Right Decreases
33. Consider the Haber process for the synthesis
of ammonia gas. An equilibrium system is
30. Based on the graph above, which of the established with all three gases present inside
following occurred at time t? a sealed syringe with a movable plunger.
a) N2 was added to the flask and the system N2(g) + 3 H2(g) ⇌ 2 NH3(g) H < 0
shifted forwards
b) N2 was added to the flask and the system
shifted reverse
c) The system was transferred to a smaller N2(g), H2(g)
flask and a forward shift occurred and NH3(g)
d) The system was transferred to a smaller Put checkmarks beside the modifications that
flask and a reverse shift occurred would result in a greater yield of ammonia.
31. Which statement below is true regarding the Add more N2(g) to the syringe
equilibrium constant of the reaction after the
equilibrium is re‐established? Remove N2(g) from the syringe
Add H2(g) to the syringe
a) Kc increases after the equilibrium shift
b) Kc decreases after the equilibrium shift Remove H2(g) from the syringe
c) Kc will be unchanged after the
Warm system, keep volume constant
equilibrium shift
d) It’s impossible to predict without the Cool system, keep volume constant
concentrations of reactants and products
Push plunger in, reduce volume
Pull plunger out, increase volume
Add a catalyst to the mixture