Prepared By: S.

Ehtesham Al Hanif (Hridoy) [0510035]

ME 471- BIO-ENGINEERING / BIO-MEDICAL

TOPICS: CT-SCAN

Prepared By,

S. EHTESHAM AL HANIF (HRIDOY)

STUDENT ID: 0510035
E-MAIL: SEAHHRIDOY@GMAIL.COM
MOBILE: 88-01670839383

BIO (BIO-MEDICAL) ENGINEERING – CT-SCAN

 Prepared By: S. Ehtesham Al Hanif (Hridoy) [0510035]
FUNDAMENTALS OF CT SCAN MACHINE
(Radiography and Computed tomography)

Tomography X-ray radiography

Computed tomography means reconstruction of an object in a tomographic

plane by the computer data processing.

Effect of the CT Scanner

1. Patient doesn't suffer from an overload such as a pain or a shock during

examination.

2. More clear images can be obtained than those by ultrasound diagnostic

equipment and radio isotope apparatus.

3. Since accurate attenuations coefficient of a tissue can be obtained and

quantitative analysis is made possible, not only the qualitative but also
the quantitative change can be known.

4. Reduced X-ray does and increased amount of information.

5. Because of the digitalized attenuation coefficient, reliable image for

diagnosis can be freely obtained by the data processing system.

BIO (BIO-MEDICAL) ENGINEERING – CT-SCAN

 Prepared By: S. Ehtesham Al Hanif (Hridoy) [0510035]
The General Concept of CT

(1) Block diagram of CT

BIO (BIO-MEDICAL) ENGINEERING – CT-SCAN

 Prepared By: S. Ehtesham Al Hanif (Hridoy) [0510035]
(1) X-ray profile data for image reconstruction are collected by
the linear translation movements of the X-ray tube
(2) After
collecting one X-
ray profile data,
the X-ray tube
and detector
rotate and the
second X-ray
profile data are
collected by the
second linear
translation
movement.

(3) Many profile data are collected by repeating this

translation and rotation in area of 180 degrees (sometimes
240 or 360 degrees).
(4) Many profiles thus obtained are converted into one image by the image
reconstruction.

BIO (BIO-MEDICAL) ENGINEERING – CT-SCAN

 Prepared By: S. Ehtesham Al Hanif (Hridoy) [0510035]

- Rotate-Rotate (R-R) system -

( 1 ) The X-ray tube generates pulse X-rays with the rotation of the X-ray tube and detectors.

( 2 ) X-ray profile data are collected for every pluse X-ray generates and a lot of profile
data are collected by repeating this rotation for 360 degrees.

( 3 ) The scan time is short because there is no such linear translation movement as
Translate-Rotate system.

( 4 ) Many detectors filled with high pressure Xenon gas are used.

BIO (BIO-MEDICAL) ENGINEERING – CT-SCAN

 Prepared By: S. Ehtesham Al Hanif (Hridoy) [0510035]

Types of CT

BIO (BIO-MEDICAL) ENGINEERING – CT-SCAN

 Prepared By: S. Ehtesham Al Hanif (Hridoy) [0510035]

BIO (BIO-MEDICAL) ENGINEERING – CT-SCAN

 Prepared By: S. Ehtesham Al Hanif (Hridoy) [0510035]

Comparison Table of CT's of Respective Generations

BIO (BIO-MEDICAL) ENGINEERING – CT-SCAN

 Prepared By: S. Ehtesham Al Hanif (Hridoy) [0510035]

BIO (BIO-MEDICAL) ENGINEERING – CT-SCAN

 Prepared By: S. Ehtesham Al Hanif (Hridoy) [0510035]
3 ) 9. Back-projection Method

Note: In this case, the same result as the original image is obtained

by chance, but in general the image obtained by the back-projection is little blurred
from the original image. Refer to next page.

Dia gram of Image Processing by CT Scanner

BIO (BIO-MEDICAL) ENGINEERING – CT-SCAN

 Prepared By: S. Ehtesham Al Hanif (Hridoy) [0510035]

BIO (BIO-MEDICAL) ENGINEERING – CT-SCAN