Preparation Outline

Title/Topic : What is mental illness and how it can be treated?

Order : Topical Order
General Purpose : To Inform
Specific Purpose : To inform the audience on mental illness and the different
treatments.
Central Idea : The most important aspect about mental illness is,know about
what does it mean, know about the treatment when it happen.

I. INTRODUCTION
A. (Attention Getter)
Normal. N-o-r-m-a-l. Conforming to the standard or the common type. You could say
it’s a quite simple term, but what exactly does it mean? Not in a dictionary sense but
in a theoretical sense. What is normal? Science says it means free from any mental
disorder; in other words, sane. Well, what is sane? And is it really all that common in
today’s society? What ever happened to that world where you could be told you’re
special, unique, different, and no one would question what that meant?
B. (Reveal Topic)
Thousands of people suffer from mental illness which can affect their lifestyle but
have found ways to overcome the pain.
C. (Credibility Statement)
I’ve struggled with mental illness throughout my life, so I can also speak from my
personal experiences and how this has affected me and my friends/family and have
learned more about the condition doing my research.
D. (Relevancy Statement)
Mental illness is a serious problem in today’s society and makes the lives of those
affected a much different “normal” than most are used to.
E. (Preview)
Today I’m going to talk about the stigma around mental health and what we can do to
reduce it.
Transition:
Let’s first define and understand what mental illness is.

II. BODY
A. (MAIN POINT 1)
What is mental illness and the different illnesses.
Internal Preview:
Mental illness is a clinically diagnosable illness and includes moods disorders.
1. According to NAMI National Alliance on Mental illness – A mental
illness is a condition that affects a person's thinking, feeling or mood.
2. Such conditions may affect someone's ability to relate to others and
function each day because each person will have different experiences,
even people with the same diagnosis.
3. A stressful job or home life makes some people more susceptible, as
do traumatic life events like being the victim of a crime. Biochemical
processes and basic brain structure may play a role, too.
4. The DSM V (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,
5th Edition) list over to 200 different mental illness diagnoses. Mental
illness is broken down into categories: anxiety disorders, mood disorders,
and psychotic disorders.
1. Schizophrenia (Psychotic disorder)
2. Bipolar (Mood Disorder)
3. Major Depression Disorder (Mood disorder)

Internal Summary:
Mental illness makes it hard for those affected to contribute to the society.

Transition:
Now that we have some insight on what mental illness is let us discuss the graph.
B. (MAIN POINT 2)
Global Burden of Years Lived with Disability, 1990 and 2010.
Internal Preview:
This pie chart shows the rate of global burden of years lived with disability in
1990 and 2010 due to mental and behavioural disorders, as compared with
disability due to other highest-ranked categories of disorders and conditions.
1. Major depressive disorder is the second leading cause of YLDs
globally and ranks among the four largest contributors to YLDs in each
of the socially diverse regions spanning the six continents assessed in
the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.
 2. Anxiety disorders, drug-use disorders, alcohol-use disorders,
schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and dysthymia also rank among the 20
conditions contributing the largest global share of YLDs.
3. The aggregate burden of YLDs resulting from mental and behavioural
disorders (22.7%) continues to be higher than that resulting from any
other disease category, with an estimated contribution to the proportion
of burden in 2010 that was similar to that in 1990.
4. This clearly indicates that where there are humans, there will be mental
illness. One important recommendation is that to help destigmatize
mental illness.

Internal Summary:
We can all ensure those around us, including ourselves, are informed about the
avenues they need to take if they are experiencing mental health difficulties.

Transition:
Now that we know what mental illness is including who is more likely affected and we know
at least 3 often diagnosed disorders; we can now talk about treatments.

C. (MAIN POINT 3)
Most mental illnesses can be effectively treated.
Internal Preview:
Recognising the early signs and symptoms of mental illness and accessing
effective treatment early is important.
1. Self-Management Skills - Specific stress management skills include
somatic, psychological, and contemplative approaches. By doing this,
patients learn to identify and release muscle tension and eventually to
self-regulate both muscle and psychological tensions.
2. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) - It regulates attitudes,
behaviours and disordered patterns to enhance intellectual and
psychological behaviour of mind for the betterment of overall health
condition.
3. Medication- Drugs are prescribed for various mental health problems,
ranging from depression to bipolar disorder; it is always important to
seek medical advice before amending medication.
4. Psychotherapy - It can help people understand the root of their mental
illness and start to work on more healthful thought patterns that
 support everyday living and reduce the risk of isolation and self-harm.

Internal Summary:
The earlier treatment starts, the better the outcome.
Transition:
Now we know what mental illness is, the different types of mental diagnoses, and the
treatments available to treat them.

III. CONCLUSION
A. (Conclusion Statement)
In conclusion,
B. (Main Points Summary)
Mental illness is a condition that can disrupt a person’s thinking, feeling, mood,
ability to relate to others and daily functioning
C. (Sub-points Summary)
Schizophrenia, bipolar, and major depressive disorder are three commonly
diagnosed mental illnesses. Mental illness has many treatment options such as
medication, psychotherapy, and electroconvulsive therapy.
D. (Memorable Closing Statement)
Recovery is possible, it may not mean returning to the same life before the onset
of a mental illness, but with effective treatment and support most people who live
with mental illness can significantly reduce the impact of their illness and live
satisfying lives.
E. (Closing)
Thank you.

REFERENCES
About Mental Illness. (n.d.). Retrieved from National Alliance on Mental Illness:
https://nami.org/About-Mental-Illness
Becker, A. E. (2013). Mental Health and the Global Agenda. The New England of Journal
Medicine, 73.
Edwards, J. (2016). FUNDAMENTAL. Mental Health Foundation, 63-74.
More, B. (2016). Psychiatric Diseases and Treatment. DJ International Journal of Medical
Research, 27-36.
Oppong, S. (2016). Managing mental illness in Ghana: the state of commonly prescribed
psychotropic medicine. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 1-10.
Walsh, R. (2011). Lifestyle and Mental Health. American Psychologist Association, 579-592.