DISCRIMINANT GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION

LOGARITHMS B2-4ac 1.an = a1 * rn-1

n−1
D= 0 ,- REAL AND EQUAL 2.S= a(1−r )
Log822=1.486 MANTISSA D>0 and perfect square
UNEQUAL AND RATIONAL
- REAL, 1−r
3.Geometric Mean = a2 √ a 1 a 3
D>0, and not perfect square- REAL, a1
4.Infinite =
UNEQUAL AND IRRATIONAL 1−r
CHARACTERISTIC D<0 – COMPLEX AND IMAGINARY 2 a1 a 3
LOGARITHM 5.Harmonic Mean :
BASE a1 +a3
a2+ b2 +c 2
6. Quadratic Mean =
√ 4
LAWS OF LOGARITHM TERM WITH y
BINOMIAL THEOREM
r
MEAN PROPORTIONAL
a x
1. log a + log b= log ab n−r r
x
= b
or x= √ ab
2. log a – log b = log (a/b) nCr x y
Rth Term
log a
3. logb a = n C r−1 x n−r +1 y r −1 FOURTH PROPORTIONAL
log b
4. (log a)b = b log a a c bc
5. logx1 = 0
Coefficient of the Next Term =
b x
or x=
a
C=
6. logaab= b ¿
Coefficient of Previous Term∗Exponent of x of previous term ¿
X= logaN Exponent of THIRD
y of the P .PROPORTIONAL
T +¿ 1
2
a c
Ax= N = or x= b
b x a

QUADRATIC FORMULA ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION COIN PROBLEMS

1. an = am +(n-m)d
x=
−b ± √ b2−4 ac n
PENNY - 0.01
2a 2. S= (a1 + an )
2 NICKEL – 0.05
n
3. S= 2
(2 a1 +(n-1)d) DIME – 0.10
SUM OF ROOTS = -B/A
PRODUCT OF ROOTS = C/A 4. Arithmetic Mean =
a1+ a
3 QUARTER- 0.25
2
an = nth term HALF- 0.50
 S = sum
d = common difference
DIGIT PROBLEMS TRIGONOMETRY REFERENCE ANGLES
10t + u : 2 Digit ANGLE MEASURES Q 1= θ =φ
100h + 10t + u : 3 Digit
CLOCK PROBLEMS Q 2= θ =(180−φ)
M =
60 H ± 2θ 1 Revolution:360 Degrees Q 3= θ =(φ−180)
11 2 π Radians Q4= θ =(360-φ
RATE / MOTION PROBLEMS
D= (R-C)T → Against /Upstream 400 Gradians
Coterminal Angle
D= (R+C)T → With/Downstream 6400 Mils θ= β
Meeting = D1+D2 + k(360)
Overtaking= d1=d2
Meeting (circular)= d1-d2
TYPES OBLIQUE TRIANGLE
PROPORTION AND VARIATION Null : 0 SINE LAW
mean Acute: less than 90 a b c
a:b=c:d
= =
sinA sinB sinC
Right: 90
extremes
Obtuse :Greater than 90 but less
than 180. COSINE LAW
WORK PROBLEMS Straight :exactly 180 a 2=b 2+c 2-2bccosA
1. Given rate working alone and/or time
together Reflex : Greater than 180 but b 2=a 2+c 2-2accosB
timetogether less than 360 c 2=b 2+a 2-2abcosA
Job done = ∑ rate working alone Perigon : One revolution: 360
2. Using man – hour Analysis TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTIES
1 job done = constant man-hr
Angle Pairs 1. Reciprocal Identities
∠ A+∠ B = 90 → sin(θ) = 1/csc(θ)
cos(θ) = 1/sec(θ)
COMPLEMENTARY tan(θ) = 1/cot(θ)
2. Pythagorean Identities
∠ A+∠ B = 180→
sin2 u+cos 2 u= 1
SUPPLEMENTARY 1+ tan 2 u = sec 2 u
∠ A+∠ B = 360 → 1+¿ cot 2 u = csc 2 u
3. Function of Negative Angles
 sin(-u)= -sin(u) ; cos(-u) = cos(u)
EXPLEMENTARY tan(-u)= -tan(u) ; cot(-u) = -cot(u)
sec (-u)= sec(u) ; csc(-u) = -csc(u)
ADDITION FORMULAS OTHER TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITY 3. Given Two sides and
Included Angle
1
ab sin θ
2
4. Given Two Angles and
Included Sides
x2 sinθ sinα
2 sinβ

SUBTRACTION FORMULAS COFUNCTION IDENTITY 5. Circle inside a

sinθ= cos(90-θ) triangle
sec θ = csc (90-θ ) Rs
6. Circle outside a
tan θ = cot (90-θ )
triangle
CALCULATOR NOTATION abc
WRITTEN : sin 2y 4r
Calculator: sin (y)2
WRITTEN : sin y 2
7. Triangle with Escribed
Calculator : sin( y 2)
Circle
r(s-a)
DOUBLE ANGLE FORMULA AREA OF TRIANGLE SPHERICAL
1.With Known base and height
1 TRIGONOMETRY
Area =  2 bh 1 Minute of Arc = 1 nautical
2. With known Three Sides Mile
(Heron’s Formula ) 1 Nautical Mile = 6080 ft.
1 Nautical Mile =1.1516 Statue
Mile
 1 Statue Mile = 5280 ft.
1 Knot = 1 Nautical Mile/
hr.

SPHERICAL TRIANGLE 5. Area of Pentagarm

Laws of Cosines for sides 3. Polygon Circumscribing a
Circle
A= 1.123 r 2

 cos a = cosb cosc + sinb

nr 2 tan ¿)
sinc cosA 6. Area of Hexagram
4. Polygon Given Length of
 cos b = cosa cosc + sina Side √ 3 r2
sinc cosB n x2
 cos c = cosa cosb + sina 180
4 tan
sinb cosC n

Area of Spherical AREA AND PERIMETER OF REG. POLYGON PARABOLLIC SEGMENT

1. GIVEN APTHEM AND PERIMETER 1.Area
Triangle 1
pr 2
π r2 E 2 A= bh
A= : Where E= 3
180 2. Given apothem and number of sides
(A+B+C)-180 180
2.Spandrel
nr 2(tan ¿
n
3. Given Length and Number of Sides 1
A = bh
3
nx 2 180
(cot )
4 n
 PLANE AND SOLID GEOMETRY ELLIPSE
1.Sum of Interior Angle 1. AREA
(n-2)*180 4. Given Radius of  A= πab
2.Number of Diagonals Circumscribing Circle 2. Circumference
n 2
2
(n−3)
A= nR
(sin
360
)  First Approximation
2 n o C= π ¿)
3.Polygon Inscribed in a
Circle  Better Approximation
360
n R2 360 P= 2 nr (sin ) = π |3(a+b)-√(a+3 b)(3 a+b)
sin ( ¿ n
2 n |

CIRCLE SPECIAL PLANE CURVES 4. Cycloid

1. LEMINISCATE  Equation in Parametric Form :
1.Area
 Equation in Rectangular Form x=a (θ−sinθ)
 π r 2 = in terms of radius
2 (( x ¿ ¿ 2+ y 2) ¿ = a 2( x ¿ ¿ 2− y 2)¿ y=a(1−cosθ)
 πD = in terms of  Equation in Polar Form  Area of One Arc
4
Diameter r 2 = a 2 cos 2 θ 3 π a2
 Angle θ  Arc Length of One Arc
2.Circumference of a Circle
= 45o = 8a
 C=2 πr  Total Area
3.Length of an Arc  Distance Between two cusps
A= 2 a2
 s=rθ D= 2 aπ
 5.Area of Circular Sector 2. THREE LEAVED ROSE
1 1 2  Equation in polar form
 r s or r θ
r =asin3 θ
2 2
 Formula for n –
6.Area of Circular Segment leaved Rose
 Case I r =acosnθ
Asector -Atriangle  Total Area
1 2 πa 2
r ¿ -sinθ ¿
2 4

 Case II 3.Four Leaved Rose

Asector + Atriangle  Equation in Polar Form
1 2 r =asin2 θ
r ¿ +sin∝¿
2  For n – Leave Rose
r =asin¿ )

 Total area
πa 2
2

7.Epicycloid 10. Astroid – A hypocycloid with four cusps

 Equation in Rectangular Form
 Parametric Equation 2 2 2
a+ b 3 3 = 3
x=(a+b) cos θ−bcos ( )θ x +y a
b  Equation In Parametric Form
a+b x=a cos 3 θ
y=(a+ b)sinθ−bsin( )θ
b y=a sin3 θ
 Area Bounded
3 2
πa
8
 Arc Length (Total)
6a
8.Cardiod (An epicycloid of one
cusps)
 Equation in polar form
r =2 a(1+cosθ)
 Area Bounded by the Curve
6 π a2
 Arc Length of Curve
16a
11. Trochoid
 Parametric Equations
X= aθ−bsinθ
Y= a−bcosθ
Three Possible Cases
b<a = Curtate cycloid
b>a = Prolate cycloid
b=a = cycloid

9.Tractrix 12. Spiral of

 Equation in Parametric
Form Archimedes
θ
x=a (ln cot −cosθ)  Equation in Polar
2
y=a sinθ Form
r =aθ

1. Cube b) Right Circular Cylinder

 Total Surface Area
6 a2
 Lateral Surface Area
 Volume Ch
a2 2 πrh
 Volume
 Space Diagonal Bh
√3a π r2 h
 Face Diagonal
√2 a
2. Rectangular 3. Prism
Parallelepiped
 Area of Rectangular
Parellelepiped
2(ab+bc+ac)
 Volume
Abc
 Space Diagonal
d = √ a2 +b 2+ c2
4. Cylinder
a) Oblique Cylinder
 Lateral surface Area
2 πrL
2 πrhcscθ
 Volume
Bh
π r 2 ( Lsinθ)