EXCITONIC DEVICES

Pankaj (2016176)

01 ABSTRACT 02 INTRODUCTION
Excitonic devices are futuristic devices which have theoretically shown that they can replace the Excitonic devices are being seen as an replacement to the electronic devices
being used in the present stage.It is due to the following reasons:- Excitons
current generation of electronic devices. They form a coherent condensate which reduces the
are bosons and can form a coherent condensate with vanishing resistance
exciton resistance to current flow and have low switching voltage. This allows less power for exciton currents and low switching voltage for excitonic resistors. This
consumption per switch when compared to electronic devices. In this paper, we describe the allows low power consumption per switch when compared to electronic
functioning of excitonic solar cells - namely quantum dot solar cells and dye sensitised solar cells. circuits. Excitonic signal processing can be connected to optical.
From the research we found out that excitonic solar cells have greater efficiency than
photovoltaic solar cells due to the property of multiple exciton generation and usage of EXCITONS
ruthenium dye in dye sensitised solar cells which allows more sunlight absorption. Quantum dots • The exciton binding energy is enhanced by quantum
also found their application in detection of cancer cells which has been discussed in the paper confinement to values upto 10mv. This allows excitonic
along with the current challenges they pose for implementation on human bodies. transitions to be seperated from band transitions and exist
at room temperatures.
• The excitonic peaks can be changed by modulating the
03 APPLICATIONS electric field which leads to stark effect.
• Excitons can be modulated by free charge which lead to a
variety of nonlinear optic applications.
Quantum Solar cells Dye Solar Cells
Conventional solar cell have around 32 percent In this a dye is attached to a metal oxide such as
theoretical efficiency but quantum dot solar cells Ti02. The role of the dye is to absorb light and
are special. They have 62 percent theoretical from the light injects an electron into the
effciency. • How they have 62 percent conduction band.The dye on getting oxidised,
efficiency:Conventional solar cell takes energy from gets reduced when the electron- hole gets

05 DESCUSSION
the sunlight and absorbs photon. By the absorption seperated. The solar charge separation is done
of 1 photon ,1 electron gets excited from valence by kinetic competition. The organic dye replaces
band to conduction band and forms one exciton. light absorbing pigments,the wide bandgap

This leads to the conduction of current in
conventional solar cells. But Quantum dot solar cells
(QDSC) are different they can produce more than 2
excitons by the absorption of only 1 photon as
shown in figure below .If they will produce 2 exciton
they have 62 percent efficiency and they will
produce more than 2 exciton they can show up to
92 percent theoretical efficiency
nanostructured semiconductor layer replaces
oxidized dihydro-nicotinamide-adenine-
dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), and carbon
dioxide acts as the electron acceptor.The
electrolyte replaces the water while oxygen as
the electron donor and oxidation product,
respectively. The overall cell efficiency of dye
sensitized solar cell is found to be proportional to
the electron injection efficiency in the wide
bandgap nanostructured semiconductors.
& CONCLUSION
There has been a lot of positives that have come out
after research in quantum dot technology usage in
detection of tumor cells but we still have large scope
for development. Conjugated quantum dots can target
solid tumor tissues with mature vasculature but
micrometastasis without well developed vasculature is
hard to detect. Improvement need to be made on the
surface of QDs for efficient detection and to reach
micrometastasis and initiate binding to tumor antigens.
We have to find measures to reduce the toxicity of
heavy metals quantum dots as although cadmium
storage in body does not affect the cell metabolism but
will be a major stone in passing the regulatory
concerns when tried on humans.’ Quantum Dot Solar
cells and Dye sensitized solar have shown high

04 RESULTS efficiency on paper but practically QDSC and DSSC

shows not more than 10 and 14 percent efficiency.In
future if we will able to produce more than 2 excitons
in these solar cells by absorbing only 1 photon we can
Quantum dots for Cancer diagnosis and therapy increase its efficiency.
Due to cancer being a heterogenous and a complex disease, even in
same type of cancer, the levels of tyrosine kinase vary. It can even
change in a patient over time. The level of the target expression must
be found and if it is high, patient undergoes cancer treatment. So the
application of QDs is to find target expression in primary and metastatic
cancers. This could be achieved by conjugating QDs with a ligand or an
antibody specific for the target, then administrating conjugated QDs in
vivo for active tumor targeting. QDs attached covalently to therapeutic
agents can serve as a tracker to evaluate the delivery effectiveness and
the pharmacodynamics of the agents in real time

06 REFERENCES
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye-sensitizedsolarcell.
https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy08osti/43347.pdf
http://www.homepages.ed.ac.uk/nrobert1/Research/excitonic.20solar.20cells.html