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Additional Part of the Main Exercise Book
Chapter-wise Preparation: Exam at Home
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Ques.1 A teacher showed a fern and a plant and said
one of them have flowers and fruit, but there are many
plants that don’t have either.
a. What is a Thallophyta? 1
b. Why is cycas called a naked seed plant? 2
c. Write the properties of the kingdom that the
flowering plant belongs to. 3
d. Justify the statement-“The organisms from the
living world from the fifth kingdom are dependent
on the fourth kingdom ”. 4 iii. They may be either unicellular or multicellular.
Answer to the question no. 1
a The plants that cannot be differentiated into root,
stem and leaves are known as Thallophyta.
b Naked seed plants don’t have an ovary in their
flowers, so the ovules remain uncovered. After
pollination, the ovules transform into seeds, and they
remain naked too. As these properties are seen in cycas
plants, they are called naked seed plants.
c The flowering plant belongs to the Plantae kingdom.
i. All of these plants have chlorophyll.
ii. They can produce their own food.
iii. Their cell walls are built from cellulose.
iv. Their cells have developed nucleus. A
d The fourth kingdom is Plantae and the fifth kingdom
is Animalia. They are also respectively called Plants and
Animals. The animal world is completely dependent
upon the plant world, as they cannot produce their own
food. Even for building homes and producing clothes,
they depend on trees. The essential element to our life is
oxygen, and we receive that from plants as well.
Therefore, it is easy to justify that the fifth kingdom are
dependent on the fourth kingdom.
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Ques.2
A B
a. What are naked seed plants?
b. Write the characteristics of Fungi.
c. Write the differences between “A” and “B”.
d. Describe the importance of “B”.
Answer to the question no. 2
a Gymnosperms (naked seed plants) are a group of
seed-bearing plants. These are called naked seed plants
because their flowers do not have an ovary, so their
ovules remain naked.
b The characteristics of Fungi are provided below-
i. Their bodies do not carry chlorophyll.
ii. They are dependent on others for food.
iv. Their nucleus is well developed.
v. Their cell walls are made of chitin instead of
cellulose.
c “A” is moss and “B” is Thallophyta. Their differences
are given below-
A (Moss) B (Thallophyta)
i. They have i. They don’t have
chlorophyll, so they chlorophyll.
are green in colour.
ii. They can make their ii. They cannot make
own food. their own food.
iii. They need light to iii. They don’t need
live. light to live. They
can live in darkness
too.
iv. Their cell wall is iv. Their cell wall is
made of cellulose. made of chitin.
v. They have stem and v. They don’t have
leaves. stem and leaves.
d ‘B’ is a mushroom, which is a kind of fern. It belongs
to the Fungi kingdom. Although they are not vegetables,
mushrooms provide several important nutrients. They
contain vitamins, proteins, and minerals. As well as
providing basic nutrition, they help prevent chronic
disease due to the presence of antioxidants and
beneficial dietary fibres such as chitin and beta-glucans.
Anti-oxidants help the body prevent the formation of
cancer cells. Consuming mushrooms is also good for
diabetics as it is a fibrous food. It helps digestion too and
even reduces the risk of heart disease.
Due to these health benefits, many people farm
mushrooms to earn a living. Some even export it to earn
foreign currency. However, one must make sure that the
1 mushrooms they consume are cultivated under
2 appropriate conditions as eating wild mushrooms that
3 are toxic to humans can cause severe illness and
4 sometimes even death.
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Ques.3 Belal went to a park with his father and saw a c All the organisms of the world are not the same and so
number of organisms, like - Rhizobium, Euglena, they are classified on the basis of their similarities and
Penicillium, Moss, Fern, Mango and Blackberry trees, dissimilarities. Belal saw the differences among the
and different Birds. He asked his father if there was any animals in their behavior, structure, residence and food.
easy way of knowing those. His father replied that it Some of them are unicellular and others are multicellular.
was the knowledge of Classification. Some of them are microscopic, others heterozoic,
a. What is the classification of living organisms? 1 saprophytic or autophytic. Some are vertebrates and some
b. What is the main feature of the modern method of are invertebrates. Because of these difference in their
classification? 2 structure and features, the dissimilarities among the
c. Explain the reason of dissimilarities among the animals became clear to Belal.
organisms that Belal saw. 3 d All living beings of past and present are arranged in a
d. Explain the authenticity of the statement of Belal’s
certain method to give a holistic but brief overview of them.
father. 4
This process of arrangement is called Classification and is
Answer to the question 3 done on the basis of similarities and dissimilarities. Similar
a All living things of past and present are arranged in a organisms belong to the same category and the dissimilar
certain method to give a holistic but brief overview of them. ones into others. So, it is easy for a person to identify any
This process of arrangement is called classification. organism, if he knows the salient features of it. By using the
b The main characteristic of the modern method of knowledge of classification, useful and harmful living
classification is that all living organism are grouped in organisms can be identified and their structure, habits and
Kingdoms according to their Phylogenetic history. For habitats could be known. So, the statement of Belal’s father
example, all unicellular prokaryotic organisms are is authentic.
grouped in Monera kingdom. In this way it has been
easy to identify and analyze each and every organism on
the basis of its origin.