This document discusses factors that influence soil formation, including parent material, climate, topography, living things, and time. It describes how rock weathers into parent material through physical and biological processes. It also covers particle size of soil, relative activity of soil particles, cation exchange capacity, soil mineral structures, weathering versus soil minerals, soil profiles, soil taxonomy, degree of weathering, and generalized relationships between soil orders and clay minerals.
This document discusses factors that influence soil formation, including parent material, climate, topography, living things, and time. It describes how rock weathers into parent material through physical and biological processes. It also covers particle size of soil, relative activity of soil particles, cation exchange capacity, soil mineral structures, weathering versus soil minerals, soil profiles, soil taxonomy, degree of weathering, and generalized relationships between soil orders and clay minerals.
This document discusses factors that influence soil formation, including parent material, climate, topography, living things, and time. It describes how rock weathers into parent material through physical and biological processes. It also covers particle size of soil, relative activity of soil particles, cation exchange capacity, soil mineral structures, weathering versus soil minerals, soil profiles, soil taxonomy, degree of weathering, and generalized relationships between soil orders and clay minerals.
Soil Factors • S = f (p, cl, tp, b, t) • s = soil • p = parent material • cl = Climate (water and temperature) • tp = topography • b = living things – vegetation/decomposer • t = time Rock and Soil parent material Rock weathering to soil parent materials Biological weathering
1. Akar tumbuhan dapat
membelah batuan\ 2. Manusia dengan menggunakan alat2 menghancurkan batuan Particle size of soil Relative activity of soil particles
soil particles CEC (cmol/kg)
CEC adalah kemampuan tanah mempertukarkan kation (KTK). Semakin
tinggi CEC semakin banyak unsur hara yang bisa ditahan di koloid tanah sehingga tidak mudah tercuci ke lapisan bawah dalam profil tanah (CEC- tinggi lebih kaya unsur hara) Struktur bangun tetra dan okta hedral 2 tetrachedral vs 1 octachedral 2:1 type of aluminosilicate clay 1 tetrachedral vs 1 octachedral Weathering vs soil minerals Cation Excange Capacity (CEC) Trend of weathering
More resistant to weathering
Soil Profile Soil Taxonomy Formation of soil order Degree of weathering Generalized relationships: Ultisols Kaolinite, oxidic clays Oxisols Alfisols Mica, vermiculite, smectite Mollisols Vertisols Andisols Amorphous