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Single Acting Vs Double Acting Actuators
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There ae basicaly wo types of actuators: single action and double acon. —
1, Single action isa control valve thats crven by the air output ofthe contro valve positioner on one side (side open or cose) (==
while the other side is moved withthe aid ofa spring ora membrane L
2, Double action is a control valve that is driven by the output air of control valve pasitioner on both sides (sides open and close) C
Intypical application of che ball va, contral valve, and choke valve, here are two types of actuator that is used, the spring return
(or single acting) actuator and the double acting actuator. The spring return actuator isthe actuator that used spring force to place Cat
the valve position in close or open position. We only need to pressurize on one side only to operate the valve. the double acting =~
set
actuator isthe actuator that only use piston as is element to operate the valve, We need to pressurize both side of the actuator
swing that illustrates the spring return and double acting actuators. Now the
se the double acting actuator? on
akernately to operate the valve, See bel
{question is, when we will use this spring return actuator and when we
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Intellect Controls Group
‘Torque or Thrust Strength
‘Typically for offshore oll and gas application the thrust or torque strength of the spring return and double acting actuator isnt a
problem. Even though some actuator manufacturer usually shown that double acting actuator has higher thrust or torque
strength compare with spring return actuator, the difference is only exist in the very high thrust or torque application which is
normally not
xis inthe offshore application. Thus, we can say that both of it having an equal strength of thrust or torque.
Safety integrated System Application
In most of safety system application such as shutdown valve (SDV), blow down valve (BO), et, that require the valve to become in
close position or in open pastion when the signal or the supply is lost, then the spring return Is the choice. The spring return type
Is the best choice for safety application due to its simplicty and reliability. Actually the double acting actuators is also possible for
the fall close or fal open application, but the local panel arrangement will be more complex compare with the spring return type.
Fallin Last Position
‘There are some applications that require the valve to become in last position when the signal or the supply is lost such as
production choke valve, The choke valve typical fal position i fal last position to keep the last production rate. Inthe case fall last
position is required, then the best choice is double acting actuator. The valve Is kept in last position by pressurize both side ofthe
actuator thus it will kept the valve in its last position
Control Application
Inthe process control application that use contrel valve as its final control element, the typical actuator is diaphragm spring return
laphragm for the small valve up to 8 inch, While when its 10 inch and above the actuator Is double acting type to overcame the
required high thrust. The double acting actuator is also used when the application is very high application to overcome the
required high thrust even though the size is smaller than 10 ineh. This double acting actuator is more stiff and stable for canteal
application especially for application that has a sudden change in process condition. While when we use the diaphragm spring
return type, the thrust on the other side is always the same by the spring, While when we use the double acting actuator, the other
side forces will be managed by the positioner pressure output as per actual conditions,
Here's the summary ofthe spring return (single acting} vs. the double act
1g valve actuators selection:
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Safety Integrated System(SDV, fsimple, Reliable, Best Choices little bit complex, Secondary
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Fal in Last. Position(Ghoke Valve)More expensive, secondary Best choices
ices Lan
(Control appication{Contral Valve, Best for 8 inch size and below [Best for 10 inch size and above,
‘Choke Valve) also for high pressure sek
‘plications.
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4comments
Sir, Level troll principal and working please
Reply
Nazir 1 year 280
Sir please give us a working principles of water conductviy sensor
Reply
Djvol 1 year 280
Do not completely agree. This synops's focus mainly on linear valves and does not ook atthe rotary valves as well
Ihave
ind double acting much better for cantrol on smaller valves. Itis more stable and smoather movement
For fallin ast pos
as often asthe training books want us to believe, butts imporant to understand how it works when you do come
nit can become expensive depending on the configuration to maintain position. Ths is not found
Worth mentioning is thatthe two options can be combined as well - we have done that often.
This helps especially when looking at fllure position where an extremely fast action is required - (spring boosted by ai)
Reply
Louis Reeves 1 year ag
rice article, | would lke to clarity @ couple of things regarding double acting actuators.
1) Double acting is used primarly were fall safe action s not required
2) Double acting is used where the amount of thrust or torque required s greater than the thrust/torque capabilites of
{an actuator that i a spring-diaphragm type as the size of this type are limited
3) Control of spring-dlaphragm act:
‘more stiffness mainly because of higher pressures of fluids used, gas, ai, or hydraullc to the actuator.
5 are more precise in throttling applications, but double acting actuators have
‘The type of actuator must be considered when sizing the valve package as its very process specifi
Reply
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