Chapter 6: Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Activity 1 and 2: Pollination and Fertilization

Notes:
Plants have roots, stem, leaves and a flower. Each one of these parts has its job. Roots will absorb from
the soil, leaves will make the food of the plant, stem will transport liquids to all of the plant and the
flower will do reproduction.

The flower is made of the sepals, petals, stamens and a pistil.

The male and female reproductive parts of flowering plants are the stamen and pistil.

- Stamen is the male reproductive part of the flower.

It consists of the anther and the filament.
The anther produces pollen grains.
- Pistil is the female reproductive part of the flower.
Top part of the pistil is called the stigma.
Stigma is supported by the style.
Base part of the pistil is the ovary.
Ovary contains one or more ovules.
❖ Flowers that contain both male and female reproductive parts are called bisexual flowers (perfect
flower).
❖ Flowers that contain either male or female reproductive parts are called unisexual flowers (imperfect
flower).

How pollination happens:

• For fertilization to take place, pollen grains need to be transferred from the stamen to the
stigma.
• If the transfer of pollen grain takes place in the same flower, then it is called direct pollination.
• If the transfer of pollen grain takes place from one flower to another, then it is called indirect
pollination.
• This transfer of pollen grains is done by wind, water, insects or animals.

How fertilization happens:

• After the pollen grain lands on the sticky stigma, the tube cell produces a pollen tube inside the
pistil into the ovule.
• The male gametes (sperm) travel through the pollen tube to reach the ovule.
• After they reach the ovule, one of the male gametes fuses with the female gamete leading to
fertilization.
• Fertilization leads to the formation of zygote.
• The zygote divides multiple times to form an embryo within the ovule.
• At the end, the ovule develops and turns into a seed and the ovary becomes a fruit.