A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to parents of a child with an acute respiratory

infection.  Identify three (3) strategies to include in discharge instructions to decrease the
spread of infection.
 Suggested Nursing Care of Children Learning Activity:  Croup

1. Perform hand hygiene

2. Cover coughs and sneezes
3. Limit contact with others and stay away from people who have colds, viruses, and infections

A nurse caring for a child with an acute infectious gastrointestinal disorder is concerned
about possible dehydration.  Provide five (5) clinical manifestations associated with
dehydration. 
 Suggested Nursing Care of Children Learning Activity:  Gastrointestinal Disorders

 Sunken eyes

 Decreased frequency of urination or dry diapers

 Sunken fontanels

 No tears when the child cries

 Dry or sticky mucous membranes

 Lethargy (less than normal activity)

A nurse is caring for a client with asthma who is prescribed Albuterol, a beta2-adrenergic
agonist.  Identify two (2) adverse effects of this medication therapy.  
 Suggested Nursing Care of Children Learning Activity:  Asthma
1. Oral agents can cause tachycardia and angina because of activation of alpha-1 receptors in the
heart.
2. Tremors caused by activation of beta-2 receptors in skeletal muscle.

The nurse is caring for a 3-month-old client. Provide vital signs values that are expected for a
client of this age.
 Suggested Nursing Care of Children Learning Activity: Vital Signs in the Pediatric
Population
 
 Heart rate: 70 – 150 bpm depending on activity
Respiratory rate: 30 – 35 /min
Blood Pressure: (systolic) 65 - 78 mmHg, (diastolic) 41 – 52 mmHg
Temperature: 36.5 – 37.5 C (97.7 – 99.5 F)
 
 
If available, create custom exam and complete 5 Board Vitals questions using the
following content areas.  Once you finish your custom BoardVitals Exam, send me a
summary of two nursing concepts you reviewed from your Board Vitals quiz to indicate
completion. Access the BoardVitals quiz bank onwww.atitesting.com under MY ATI
under the NCLEX Prep tab. 
 
 
PN Graduates 

 Pediatrics 

 Health Promotion and

Maintenance 

1. Lead poisoning is the accumulation of lead in the body. Risk factors include: children less than 6
years of age, living in older homes built prior to 1978, and exposure to environmental elements
such as soil, dust, and water that can contain lead. Children can be exposed to lead by ingesting
lead-based paint. Blood lead levels greater than 5 mcg/dL can cause improper function of the
client RBCs. For high blood levels of 20 mcg/dL or greater, chelation therapy is recommended.
Precaution should be used during the administration of chelation therapy because it can cause
hypocalcemia and death. Prevention of lead toxicity is aimed at educating parents about lead
exposure from paint and window sills, proper hand washing techniques, and to wet mop floors
to prevent airborne particles.
2. Neuroblastoma is a malignancy of infancy that originates and colonizes in neural cells found in
the adrenal glands or sympathetic nervous system. The primary sites for neuroblastoma are the
abdomen, head, neck, chest and pelvis. The child can experience various manifestations,
depending on the size and location of the neuroblastoma. The abdomen can appear firm with an
irregularly shaped mass. Tumor invasion into the bone and soft tissue can cause bone and
muscle pain as well as lymphadenopathy. Distant metastasis can lead to eye issues such as
periorbital ecchymosis and exophthalmos. A tumor near the urinary tract can cause urinary
frequency or retention. Since the adrenal glands release sympathetic hormones, neuroblastoma
of the adrenal glands will alter heart rate, blood pressure, blood glucose levels, and the body’s
reaction to stress. CT scans, MRIs, bone scans, and biopsies are used to diagnose
neuroblastoma. Treatment varies depending on the stage of the tumor. Surgical intervention by
removing the tumor could be warranted, along with chemotherapy and radiation therapy.