FASTENER

1. Question 15.16 (Text Book)

The bolt of connection shown in Figure is 𝑀20 × 2.5, ISO course thread having 𝑆! = 630 𝑀𝑃𝑎. Determine

a) The total force on the bolt, if the joint is reusable.

b) The tightening torque, if the bolts are lubricated.

Given: The grip is 𝐿 = 60 𝑚𝑚; the joint carries an external load of 𝑃 = 40 𝑘𝑁.

Design assumption: The bolt will be made of steel of modulus of elasticity 𝐸" and the parts are cast iron with modulus
of elasticity 𝐸# = 𝐸" /2

[ans: Fb = 118.546 kN, T = 312.558 Nm]

2. Final Exam September 2015

A bolted joint is used to connect two machine components are shown in Figure. The combined stiffness of the two
components is 2.5 times the stiffness of the bolt. The initial tightening of the nut results in pre load of 2.5 𝑘𝑁 in the
bolt. The external force 𝑃 acting on assembly is 5 𝑘𝑁. The bolt is made of the plain carbon steel (𝑆! = 420 𝑀𝑃𝑎)
and the factor of safety of the joint is 2. The bolt used is coarse thread bolt with modulus of elasticity 207 𝐺𝑃𝑎.
Determine:

a) Joint stiffness factor

b) Bolt axial tensile force

c) Specify a suitable size of the bolt

 d) The number of bolts if external force, 𝑃 increase to 18 𝑘𝑁

e) The grip or length of clamping zone, if the stiffness of the component is 1.27 𝐺𝑁/𝑚

(16 marks)

[ans: C = 0.2857, Fb = 3928.5 N, d = 5 mm, Nb = 4 bolts, L = 8 mm]

3. Final Exam March 2017

A portion of a high pressure boiler has an internal gauge pressure of 5 MPa as shown in Figure. The flanged joint
involves a cylinder internal diameter of 250 mm. Twelve conventional class 8.8, coarse thread steel bolts of modulus
elasticity of 200 GPa. The cylinder and end plate is made of cast iron of modulus of elasticity 100 GPa. Construction
detail such as that effective area of part (clamp) can conservatively be assumed equal to 5 times of bolt area. The joint
is reusable. Determine:

a) The joint of stiffness factor

b) The diameter of steel bolt
c) The minimum grip, L if stiffness constant of the part is 1931.7 MN/m

(15 marks)

[ans: C = 0.286, d = 10 mm, L = 20 mm]

 4. Final Exam October 2016

A section of connection as illustrated in the Figure form a permanent connection. The bolt of connection is M5 x 0.8
ISO coarse thread, class 4.6. The combined stiffness of the two components is 2.5 times the stiffness of the bolt and
the factor of safety of the joint is 2. The bolt is made of plain carbon steel with modulus of elasticity 200 GPa. Determine:

a) The preload required to tighten the bolt, and

b) The maximum external force the bolt can carry; also will the components separate or remain connecting under
the maximum load?
c) Using the same bolt, recommend one modification you would have apply to the connection if the two
components are made of malleable cast iron ASTM A-47 and the external force is 3375 N, assuming the
factor of safety remain the same.

All dimensions in mm

(15 marks)

[ans: Fi = 2875.5 N, P = 558.6 N, Nb = 3 bolts]

5. Final Exam September 2014

A bolted assembly of two components is shown in Figure. Initially the nut is tightened by mean of a spanner as to
induce a preload. The external force acting on the assembly is 10 kN. The bolt with class number 4.8, coarse thread
and modulus of elasticity of 207 GPa. The components are made of aluminium with modulus of elasticity of 71 GPa.
The joint is reusable. Determine:

a) The value of T if the shaded region of the components is 17500 mm2,

b) Diameter of bolt, d if the induced preload is 5 kN,
c) The joint of stiffness factor, and
 d) The total force on the bolt.

All dimensions in mm

(16 marks)

[ans: T = 25 mm, d = 7 mm, C = 0.306, Fb = 8060 N]

6. Final Exam September 2013

A section of connection illustrated if the Figure for a permanent connection. A total of six bolts are used to resist an
external load of 240 kN. The bolt of connection is M20 x 1.5 ISO fine threads, class 8.8. The stress in each bolt is 529.5
MPa. Determine:

a) The joint stiffness factor

b) Stiffness constant for bolt
c) Stiffness constant for plates
d) Modulus of elasticity of plates, E
e) Suggest the material used for plates (based on answer in (d))

(16 marks)

[ans: C = 0.408, kb = 1.047 GN/m, kp = 1.519 GN/m, E = zink alloy]