Colloid & Polymer Science ____ Colloid Polym Sci 267:520-524 (1989)

Interactions of mixed surfactant solution with liposome membrane

K. Tanaka, T. Takeda, M. Nakamura, S. Yamamura, and K. Miyajima1)
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Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute, Joto-ku, Osaka. Japan, and ; i: ',-'! ;i
') Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan

Abstract: Interactions of the mixed surfactant solution of dtxJecylamido propyl dimethyl aminoacetate and
sodium dodecyl sulfate with the liposomal membrane were studied. 1 y tic acti vine* of the surfactants were
measured as a function of the concentrations of surfactant and phospholipid and die composition of mixed
surfactants. The solubilization limits of phosphoupid by surfactants were determined from the change of their
aggregation behavior in suspensions at equilibrium by means of quasi-elastic light scattering. The mixed
surfactant solutions showed lower lytk activity than single component surfactant sojution in spite of the
strong adsorption onto the liposome surface. This was attributed ">'"*'• - ' to low solubilization power of
binary mixture for phospholipid.

Key iyordi: Mixed surfactant, liposome, lysis, solubilization.

Introduction '< vejy jn terms of the adsorption of surfactants onto the

_- . - i t - i u membrane surface and the solubilization of the phos-
Surfactant* interact writ a liposomal membrane .^ fe .^^
and induce lysis, mat is, leakage ot a marker in an inner r r J . , ,,
aqueous phase of a liposome. This phenomenon is
important because of its close relation to hemolysis [1], Experimental
solubiKxationoidiebiomembraneandreconstitution ™ x, isi » f ';, r j
!
of a membrane protein [2, 3], a membrane fusion [4], Materials ••..-.< ; sp :
and so on. It has been shown thatlytic activity of a sur- AD was synthesized as described in lie]. Uuric acid was sup-
factant depends on its molecular structure, critical pjied from Shin-Nihon Rika Co., Ltd., and was used
widiout fur-
micelle concentration (CMC), solubilizing ability ther purification. The purity was found to be > 99% by gas
chro-
T5 61 and Others matographic analysis- SDS supplied from Nakarai Chemica! Co.
^ Vx i L k ' j L • ru^-^J Ltd. was used after double recrystalfizaiions from ethano!. E$$
On die other hand, the properties of the mixed sur- ,i
ydk phosphatldykho ne (PC) 4, ^^^ by Nihon Seika Co,
factant solution often deviate from the ideal behavior. j t(j Calcein obtained from Tokyo Kasei Co., Ltd. was used The
deviation is pronounced, especially in the case of widrout further purification. AH other chemicals were of reagent mixture
of amphoterie and anionic surfactants (7, 8]. rade- Water *» Purified b>' deionization and distilktion, However, interaction
between surfactants and a liposome in such a mixed solution has not been made
C
_r* ,. , . ,. , - ' .' ri PC liposome suspensions were prepared by sonication method.
From this viewpomt, we studied mteraction otthe ^ - , .BufferSobtionwaS
DmiIs dwcn bedbapmiousrcport[ lj
mixed surfactants of dodecylarnido propyl dimethyl 10 m M iris - HCI aqueous solution containing 7.5_x to~2 M
Nad
aminoacetate (AD) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (pH = 7.2). The mean hydrodynamic diameter (Dft) and
particle
e found Strong sbe distribution were measured by quasi-ela«ie laser )$>« t scatter-

was measured by changing the concentrations ot sur-
Kop-
factant and the phospholipid, and fjhe composition of
were
mixed surfactants. Results were examined quantitati-
^n^cx Ltd, DA was determined by cumulam method of
pel [12J. Particle size distribution and weigk average diameter
determbed by histogram method (13]- QLS results indicated
that

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