BIO150 Metabolism & Cell Division

Tutorial Week 6
Chapter 2 Cellular Respiration
Oxidative Phosphorylation and Anaerobic Fermentation

Name: SHAIKH ARIF BAREDHWAN

Student ID: 2019628838

1. Describe the effect of proton gradient on ATP synthesis in mitochondria.

- The proton gradient was first formed by the pumping of protons, (H+) during the
electron transport chain which is used for the production of ATP. Protons then flow
down the concentration gradient from the internal membrane into the matrix and vice
versa. This allows the recycling of NAD+ and conversion of ADP into ATP.
2. State two (2) shuttle systems used to transport electron from NADH in cytoplasm into
mitochondrion.
- Malate-Aspartate Shuttle System
- Glycerol Phosphate Shuttle System

3. State the total amount of electron carriers that produced from a breakdown of two
molecules of glucose during aerobic respiration.
- 6NADH + 2FADH2 per glucose, 8 electron carriers.

4. Distinguish two (2) anaerobic respirations.

- Alcoholic fermentation
- Lactic acid fermentation