THE IMPACT OF VOLCANIC ERUPTION TO SURROUNDING AREA

Hamzah Wrehatnala – 170722637043

hamzah.nala@gmail.com

Department Geography
Faculty of Social Science
Universitas Negeri Malang

Abstract:

The volcanic eruption has many impact to physical and social condition in
surrounding area. Literally, volcanic eruption is one of the disaster that resulted
consequences. Surface soil on volcanic eruption area generally covered by lava,
flow pyroclastic, and volcanic dust. Volcanic eruption caused damage to land and
settlements in the surrounding area. Volcanic eruption also occur on social-
economic activity was disturbed. However, volcanic eruption can fertilize the soil
and improve soil quality. In addition, volcanic eruption will also create livehoods
for surrounding communities, such as sand mining.

Key word : volcano, eruption, impact

A. Introduction
Volcanic eruptions are part of the volcanic activity called eruption. Almost
all volcanic activities are related to the seismic zone active. Eruption begins when
at the Earth’s plate boundary changes in pressure occur and very high
temperatures so that it can melt the material around it, namely incandescent
(magma). Magma will intrusion rocks or soil through cracks, then come out near
the surface of the earth. Volcanoes are generally defined as a channel system fluid
consisting of high temperature molten rock which has a structure extending from
the depth of the atmosphere layer approximately 10 km to the surface of the earth.
Volcanoes also have a collection of material deposits that came out during the
eruption. These materials include ash and rocks in various sizes.
 Almost all volcano eruption activities fire is always related to the active
seismic zone, this happens due to the relationship between plate boundaries which
have a pressure very high and temperature of more than 1000 ℃ so it can melting
the rock material around it and becoming magma. magma collects in the magma
chamber located below the volcano, when the magma chamber is full, the magma
will pushed out of the volcano. This Magma has come out called lava which has a
temperature of 700 to 1200 ℃. When erupted, a volcano could throw various
materials up to tens of kilometers away, not only that, hot clouds and gas
poisonous is also often a serious threat to residents reside not far from the
eruption. Volcanic eruptions is one of the many natural disasters that caused it
various damage with a large total loss due destroying residential and agricultural
areas of the population, not to mention other impacts such as air pollution by gas
accumulate and trigger the cause of cold lava floods that can damage
infrastructure general.
Eruption caused by an increase in volcanic seismicity unusual activity on
volcanoes, such as which earthquake frequency increases in one day can there
were dozens of earthquake tremors recorded in the device seismograph. In
addition there is an increase in Seismic activity and other volcanic events are
caused by movement magma, hydrothermal which takes place in the inner core of
the earth.

B. Method

C. Result

D. Discussion

E. Conclusion

F. Reffrences