AIR BREATHING ENGINES

( scramjet)

PRESENTED BY

DHANARAJ.J.KAMBLE
Mechanical department
G E C Haveri 581110
USN :- 2GO13ME008
 CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION

SCRAMJET AIR BREATHING ENGINE

DESIGNING PRINCIPLE

WORKING

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SCRAMJET & JET ENGINES

CONCLUSION

REFERENCE
Scramjet engines operate on the same principles as ramjets

Hydrogen-fuelled, horizontal take off, Doesn't need on board

oxygen.

 Thease air-breathing engines can take-off from any

conventional airport.

Nation working for this technology:-

USA(X-43A), INDIA(AVATAR), RUSSIA(XB-70)…
 Variation of a ramjet with supersonic combustion.
 Top speed of a scramjet engine(without additional oxidizer
input)vary between Mach 12 and Mach 24.
 main difference from a rocket ,it collects O2 from the air to
burn its fuel.
DESIGNING
PRINCIPLE
 INLET
• The air approaches at supersonic speed into the inlet .
• The air is heated due to compression.
• The hot air is then let into the combustion chamber.

 COMBUSTION CHAMBER
• Fuel is sprayed on the hot air in the combustion chamber.
• Dissociation of fuel takes place which increases the
temperature of the air.
• The whole combustion process takes place at supersonic
speeds.
• The ignited fuel along with the air is sent into the nozzle for
exhaustion.
 NOZZLE
• The gases are gushed out through the nozzle.
• The release of the gases produces forward thrust.
• The thrust produced exceeds the drag , which is the cause
for forward motion.

FIG: working of engine .

 Current scramjet technology requires the use of high-energy fuels
and active cooling schemes to maintain sustained operation
 The kinetic energy of the free stream air entering the scramjet
engine is large
 To keep the combustion rate of the fuel constant, the pressure and
temperature in the engine must also be constant
 A scramjet cannot produce efficient thrust unless boosted to high
speed(Mach 5).
 Demonstrating these technologies, along with additional ground-
and flight-test experiments, will pave the way for affordable and
reusable air breathing hypersonic propulsion systems such as
missiles, long range aircraft and space-access vehicles around 2010,
2015, 2025, respectively by all nations.
1. Analysis And Design Of A Hypersonic Scramjet Engine With A Starting Mach
Number Of 4.00 By Kristen Nicole Roberts. August 2008
2. M. M. Mateu, "Study of an Air-Breathing Engine For Hypersonic Flight,"
Catalunya, 2013.
3. Curran, Edward T., "Scramjet Engines: The First Forty Years." Journal of
Propulsion and Power, Volume 17, No. 6, November-December 2001.
4. Builder, C.H. “On the Thermodynamic Spectrum of Airbreathing Propulsion.”
AIAA 1st Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C., June 1964. AIAA Paper 64-243.
5. G.M Sayeed Ahmed ,“Design and analysis of scramjet inlet”, International
Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 3, Issue 1, January
2013.
6. http://www.aeronautics.nasa.gov.com
7. http://www.strategycenter.net
8. http://www.howstuffworks.com/air-breathing-rocket2.htm
9. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASA_X-43.